Fiscal 1971 defense prime contract money by states [United States]
In: Congressional quarterly weekly report, Band 29, S. 1923 : table
ISSN: 0010-5910, 1521-5997
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In: Congressional quarterly weekly report, Band 29, S. 1923 : table
ISSN: 0010-5910, 1521-5997
In: IMF Working Paper No. 17/243
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The concept of fiscal credibility is a watermark of some of the fiscal policy literature, but beyond an intuitive parallel with monetary policy, it remains not well defined, nor measured. This paper provides an explicit measure of fiscal credibility, based on the anchoring of private expectations onto official targets. I document how credibility varies among a sample of 26 European countries and evolves over 1995-2019. I find that private agents do not trust all governments uniformly. Country differences are mainly driven by past fiscal performance and institutions (fiscal rules and councils). Conversely, I find that credibility impacts sovereign financing conditions, as well as macroeconomic performance. Governments should thus strive to be (à la Rousseau) or appear (à la Machiavelli) credible.
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The concept of fiscal credibility is a watermark of some of the fiscal policy literature, but beyond an intuitive parallel with monetary policy, it remains not well defined, nor measured. This paper provides an explicit measure of fiscal credibility, based on the anchoring of private expectations onto official targets. I document how credibility varies among a sample of 26 European countries and evolves over 1995-2019. I find that private agents do not trust all governments uniformly. Country differences are mainly driven by past fiscal performance and institutions (fiscal rules and councils). Conversely, I find that credibility impacts sovereign financing conditions, as well as macroeconomic performance. Governments should thus strive to be (à la Rousseau) or appear (à la Machiavelli) credible.
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In: Almanac of sea power, Band 56, Heft 3
ISSN: 0736-3559, 0199-1337
In: CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP14214
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Working paper
In: MIT Political Science Department Research Paper No. 2016-25
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Working paper
Stringent fiscal rules and budgetary procedures might generate incentives for political decision-makers to cut predominantly productive public investment during periods of fiscal consolidation. While the influence of the European Stability and Growth Pact on public investment received a lot of attention in the empirical literature, only a few studies consider the impact of different budgetary decision-making rules and procedures at the national level on government investment spending. We test empirically for the effect of political factors and the institutional framework of budgeting on public investment in EU 15 over the period 1990-2005. Our results show that stringent quantitative constraints limit government investment, but a centralisation of budgeting procedures by providing more agenda setting powers to the finance minister (delegation approach) or by the use of medium-term fiscal contracts are not related to public investment spending cuts.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the economy, including the taxation sector. This tumultuous period for taxpayers and the Government can be a golden opportunity to transform the system and institutional governance to create a firm foundation for increasing tax compliance and by extension, tax revenue. This paper examines strategies that are necessary to face spate of changes and uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic as well as laying the framework for post COVID-19 reality that is characterized by sustainable tax compliance. The results of this study reached the conclusion that the basic concept of the relationship between the Government and taxpayers as a social contract or fiscal contract should underpin the three phases of the formulation of changes in tax policy. For changes to have long-term and sustainable impact, there is need to strike a balance between the three pillars in tax administration, namely, enforcement, facilitation, and trust.
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Report of the Texas State Auditor's Office related to the Department of Public Safety's proposed contract with the North Texas Tollway Authority and Department reimbursements for all costs associated with providing the services required in the contract.
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Working paper
In: Cambridge studies in comparative politics
This book presents a theoretical framework to discuss how governments coordinate budgeting decisions. There are two modes of fiscal governance conducive to greater fiscal discipline, a mode of delegation and a mode of contracts. These modes contrast with a fiefdom form of governance, in which the decision-making process is decentralized. An important insight is that the effectiveness of a given form of fiscal governance depends crucially upon the underlying political system. Delegation functions well when there are few, or no, ideological differences among government parties, whereas contracts are effective when there are many such differences. Empirically, delegation and contract states perform better than fiefdom states if they match the underlying political system. Additional chapters consider why countries have the fiscal institutions that they do, fiscal governance in Central and Eastern Europe, and the role of such institutions in the European Union
This paper presents a holistic picture of a major operation undertaken by Sweden at the start of the seventeenth century to recruit foreign troops to fight in its wars. For this purpose, empirical data has been collected for all of the thirty-two identified recruitments undertaken between 1605–1610 from Western Europe. This data includes previously studied cases as well as hitherto overlooked French recruitments. Analysis of the multiple recruitments is broken down into three parallel processes - military, financial and diplomatic - which are looked at separately, and together. The focus is on recruitment via Älvsborg - Sweden's sole North Sea port and fiscal-military bottleneck for the operation - from the British Isles, the Netherlands and France, comparing the recruitment from these different regions within the same operational framework. This integrated approach permits a more comprehensive study of Swedish recruitments than previous regional studies have allowed. Recruitment was dependent on international military, economic and social networks, as well as reliable and efficient partners that knew how to operate them. This paper argues that, although the preference was to use established networks, success of the delicate operation required adaptability and the capacity to renew existing ties and forge new ones. Building trust and reliability was crucial, since these attributes were needed to overcome many of the problems faced by recruiters. To arrive at this goal, a combination of contractual standardisation, operational streamlining and external guarantors were employed. ; Peer reviewed
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In: Social analysis: journal of cultural and social practice, Band 64, Heft 2, S. 79-100
ISSN: 1558-5727
This article investigates how Istrian business owners challenged the Croatian government's motivation for and enforcement of fiskalizacija, an automated VAT reform adopted in 2013 as Croatia prepared for EU membership. Fiskalizacija threatened local economic agency and sowed distrust in government. The analysis of this tax reform demonstrates how Istrians envisage their economic agency, rights, and responsibilities. I argue that it is not just the construction of fiscal systems, but how such a system is projected onto society that is fundamental to the development of state-society relations. The way in which a tax reform is put into effect, including the enforcement practices of state agents, shapes how citizens perceive the social contract to be constituted by fiscal regimes.