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Scarcity of information can present a difficulty for writing a biography. Abundance of information can do the same. As perspectives multiply, a subject sometimes becomes clearer; other times it becomes complicated. In Islamic studies, for example, the more sources that are uncovered on central historical figures such as the Prophet Muhammad, al-Hasan al-Basri, and al-Ghazzali, the more scholars are in dispute over their biographies. Yet historical figures of the second degree—those individuals whose biography has not yet attracted a separate study but who are studied for their role in larger questions—are often portrayed with deceptive simplicity. Scholars tend to stick to the most coherent and simple biography and move on to the question at hand. Such coherence and simplicity, however, often is not found in the sources.

Islamic command on amar ma'rûf nahy munkar has been basically intended for all Muslims regardless of their theological affiliation. Mu'tazila, however, has a typical understanding of it. Qâdî 'Abd al-Jabbâr, as one of Mu'tazili-tes clerics and theologians, who wrote Sharh al-Usûl al-Khamsah discusses the concept of amar ma'rûf nahy munkar together with its contextual meaning and how to implement it on the real live. This problem is investigated and analyzed by using descriptive methodology, and hermeneutic analysis. From the data collected and analysis conducted it is concluded that amr ma'rûf nahy munkar in 'Abd al-Jabbâr thought is considered wâjib al-kifâyah in a sense that it should be in accordance with the capacity and competence of its doers, with the method of treatment ranging from soft to firm action, even with fight whenever necessary to do so. And in order to be able to apply its concept, the Islamic Caller, the Government, the Ulama and Intellectuals and even the Common People must be qualified and fulfill some criteria and standard.

The act of speculators distorting the market is quite unsettling. However, the Sharia texts show that this problem can be resolved using moral or akhlÄqÄ«. Then the question is whether the present government can overcome it by using qadÄ'Ä«e imposing sanctions for distortion. Since the nature of Sharia is the universal and eternal, this issue must be answered comprehensively and holistically. For that reason, the maqÄsid approach is operated with istislÄhiyyah method. This method is also referred to as al-ijtihÄd al-maqÄs}idÄ« which is done in two stages, namely takhrÄ«j al-manÄt and tahqÄ«q al-manÄt. It is believed that this method is quite relevant to answer two research questions. Firstly, how is maqÄs}id al-syar'ah in terms of market distortion? Secondly, does the government in syar'i be authorized to impose sanctions on the perpetrators of market distortion? The theory used to highlight this issue is the theory of al-wÄzi' put forward by Ibn 'Ä€syÅ«r. This conclu that the Sharia wants the circulation of goods in the market run smoothly. To that end, the government may impose sanctions if the distortion is done to the basic goods that can affect massively harm.