Suchergebnisse

Russia's recent transition from empire to nation-state has wrought major changes in national identity, examined here from the perspectives of history, sociology, political science, & cultural studies. Contributions reflect three main themes: (1) the history of Russian identity formation & ideology, (2) nationality policy & politics, & (3) the dichotomous nature of national identity in modern Russia. J. R. Callahan

AbstractThe article provides an overview of the work of the International Law Commission at its Fiftieth Session (1998). The topics covered are International Liability for Injurious Consequences Arising from Acts Not Prohibited by International Law, State Responsibility, Reservations to Treaties, Nationality in Relation to the Succession of States, Diplomatic Protection and, finally, Unilateral Acts of States.

Alexander Motyl (Chair): Introductory RemarksThis is the fourth and final Conference sponsored by the Program on Nationality and Siberian Studies. While you are witnessing the final act of this particular institution, the traditions of this program—that is, the study of the former Soviet republics and their nationalities—will be carried on by the Harriman Institute.

The paper describes and evaluates the Chinese experience with DFI (direct foreign investment) between 1979 and 1989. The paper examines the types of joint ventures which have been formed, their characteristics in terms of size distribution, type of activity, nationality of foreign partners, determinants of success, and the role of policy in all this. (DÜI-Sen)

182 The individual in international law — Human rights and freedoms — Refugees — Geneva Convention on Status of Refugees, 1951 — Whether person enjoying diplomatic protection can have status of refugee — Whether person having more than one nationality and enjoying diplomatic protection of only one of his national States can have status of refugee — The law of Germany.

197Nationality — Expatriation — Statute providing for loss of nationality of naturalized citizen who continuously resides for three years in territory of foreign State of which he was formerly a national or in which he was born — Whether statute unconstitutional on ground that discrimination between naturalized and native-born citizens violates due process — The law of the United States of America.

610Trading with the Enemy — Agency of Bank Having Nationality of Enemy State — Liquidation of — Claim of Non-Enemy Creditor Against Bank — Preferred Claim under Law of State of the United States — Power of Alien Property Custodian to Seize Funds to be Applied to Such Preferred Claim — The Law of the United States of America

State Succession — Succession to Rights — Fiscal Funds.Jurisdiction — Over Nationals Abroad — In Ceded Territory Still Occupied by Ceding State — Duty to Maintain Order-The Law of India.Cession — Duty to Maintain Order in Ceded Territory Still Administered by Ceding State — Nationality and Allegiance of Inhabitants — Territorial and Extra-Territorial Jurisdiction — Jurisdiction over Nationals in Ceded Territory — The Law of India.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) bentuk pelaksanaan Empat Konsep Kebangsaan dalam meningkatkan kesadaran bela Negara siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Amali, (2) faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan Empat Konsep Kebangsaan dalam meningkatkan kesadaran bela Negara siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Amali, dan (3) mengetahui dampak pelaksanaan Empat Konsep Kebangsaan dalam meningkatkan kesadaran bela Negara siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Amali. Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yakni, observasi, wawancara, angket dan dokumentasi. Adapun populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua warga SMA Negeri 1 Amali dengan sampel stratified random sampling yaitu kepala sekolah, guru PPKn, dan perwakilan siswa dari setiap angkatan sebanyak 20 orang per angkatan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Bentuk pelaksanaan empat konsep kebangsaan di SMA Negeri 1 Amali adalah dengan: melaksanakan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam Pancasila seperti nilai ketuhanan, nilai kemanusiaan, nilai persatuan, nilai demokrasi dan nilai keadilan sosial; menaati segala peraturan sebagai wujud pemahaman terhadap UUD NRI 1945; melaksanakan persatuan dan kesatuan sebagai wujud dari NKRI; kesatuan dalam keberagaman sebagai wujud dari Bhinneka Tunggal Ika. (2) Faktor - faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan empat konsep kebangsaan adalah: Pemahaman dan Kesadaran Peserta Didik; Peranan Guru/Pendidik; Peranan Kepala Sekolah; Peranan Orang Tua. (3) Dampak yang timbul dengan pelaksanaan empat konsep kebangsaan terhadap peningkatan bela negara adalah : bertanggung jawab; sadar akan hak dan kewajibannya; cinta tanah air; dan bangga berbangsa dan bernegara Indonesia.KATA KUNCI: Empat Konsep Kebangsaan, Kesadaran Bela NegaraABSTRACT: This study aims to determine: (1) the form of the implementation of the four concept Nationality in raising awareness to defend state students at SMAN 1 Amali, (2) the factors that affect the implementation of the Four Concepts Nationality in raising awareness to defend state students at SMAN 1 Amali, and (3) determine the impact of the implementation of the National Concept Four in raising awareness to defend state students at SMAN 1 Amali. This research is descriptive qualitative data collection techniques namely, observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. The population in this study are all citizens of SMA Negeri 1 Amali with the sample stratified random sampling principals, teachers PPKn, and student representatives from each class of 20 people per class. The results showed that: (1) The form of implementation of the four concepts of nationality in SMA Negeri 1 Amali is to: implement the values contained in Pancasila as the value of divinity, human values, values of unity, democratic values and the values of social justice; obey all rules as a form of understanding of NRI Constitution of 1945; implement unity as a manifestation of the Homeland; unity in diversity as a form of Unity in Diversity. (2) factors - factors that affect the implementation of the four concepts of nationality is: Understanding and Awareness of Students; Role of Teachers / Educators; Role of the Principal; Role of Parents. (3) The impact that arise with the implementation of the four concepts of nationality to the increase in defending the country is: responsible; aware of their rights and obligations; love of the homeland; and proud nation and state of Indonesia.KEYWORDS: Four Concept of National, State Defense Awareness

Предметом исследования в статье являются термины «нация» и «национальность» и их терминологические определения в произведениях К. Н. Леонтьева и Н. А. Бердяева. Тема формирование значений общественно-политических терминов в рамках русского философского дискурса. Статья содержит анализ структуры значений терминов: особое внимание уделяется уникальным семантическим компонентам значения, характерным только для авторской терминосистемы каждого из авторов. Цель статьи проанализировать семантическое наполнение социально-политических терминов в философском тексте; выявить сходство и различие значений этих лексем в терминосистемах сопоставляемых авторов. Кроме того, в статье делается попытка выявить, какие типы определений используют авторы и с помощью каких родовых и видовых идентификаторов они описывают значения анализируемых терминов. В статье используются методы компонентного и контекстуального анализа, а также сравнительно-сопоставительный метод. Полученные данные позволили сделать вывод о том, что за терминами «нация» и «национальность» в философских терминосистемах двух русских мыслителей стоят разные мыслительные сущности, определяемые особенностью мировоззрений и идиолектов авторов. Нация у К. Н. Леонтьева это конкретное понятие: ветвь племени, имеющая свои отличительные признаки в языке, истории, религии, экономике, нравах, обычаях и культуре. Национальность, по К. Н. Леонтьеву, есть «образ» нации, а национальный идеал желаемый образ. Определения К. Н. Леонтьева по структуре относятся к родо-видовым; они не только отражают семантику термина, но дают представление о семантической мотивированности. Н. А. Бердяев не разводит понятия «нация» и «национальность», используя их как взаимозаемняемые. Дефиниции терминов у Н. А. Бердяева носят контекстуальный характер. В авторской терминосистеме Бердяева понятие «нация/национальность» обладает рядом уникальных семантических черт, которые характерны только для данной семиотической системы: нация/национальность имеет мистическую, таинственную, иррациональную, непознаваемую основу; нации принципиально неравноправны и образуют иерархию. ; The article analyzes the terms "nation " and "nationality " and focuses on their terminological definitions in the works by K. N. Leontiev and N. A. Berdyaev. The theme of the article is the formation of social and political lexical meanings of these terms in the Russian philosophical discourse. The article aims at revealing the similarities and differences of the authorial philosophical terms in the terminological systems of K. N. Leontiev and N. A. Berdyaev and also at analyzing the types of terminological definitions of the compared philosophers. The author of the article uses the component and contextual analysis as well as the comparative method. The performed analysis allows making a brief conclusion concerning the internal organization of the compared authorial terminological systems. The differences in the meanings of the terms "nation" and "nationality" come from the differences in the worldviews and idiolects of the compared authors. "Nation" in the works of Leontiev is presented as a concrete notion; it is a branch of a tribe with its own distinguishing features in the language, history, religion, economics, morals, customs and culture. According to Leontiev, "nationality" is the "image" of the nation, and the national ideal is presented as the desired image. Berdyaev's definitions have a contextual character. In his authorial philosophical terminological system the "nation" is the same as "nationality"; the notion of "nation/nationality" has a mystical, mysterious, irrational, unknowable basis; nations are fundamentally unequal and form a hierarchy.

Few African countries provide for an explicit right to a nationality. Laws and practices governing citizenship effectively leave hundreds of thousands of people in Africa without a country. These stateless Africans can neither vote nor stand for office; they cannot enrol their children in school, travel freely, or own property; they cannot work for the government; they are exposed to human rights abuses. Statelessness exacerbates and underlies tensions in many regions of the continent. Citizenship Law in Africa, a comparative study by two programs of the Open Society Foundations, describes the often arbitrary, discriminatory, and contradictory citizenship laws that exist from state to state and recommends ways that African countries can bring their citizenship laws in line with international rights norms. The report covers topics such as citizenship by descent, citizenship by naturalisation, gender discrimination in citizenship law, dual citizenship, and the right to identity documents and passports. It is essential reading for policymakers, attorneys, and activists. This third edition is a comprehensive revision of the original text, which is also updated to reflect developments at national and continental levels. The original tables presenting comparative analysis of all the continent's nationality laws have been improved, and new tables added on additional aspects of the law. Since the second edition was published in 2010, South Sudan has become independent and adopted its own nationality law, while there have been revisions to the laws in Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Namibia, Niger, Senegal, Seychelles, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia and Zimbabwe. The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights and the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child have developed important new normative guidance.

he Indonesian nation is a multicultural nation consisting of various ethnicity, race, ethnicity, religion, class and culture. Therefore it is a challenge in maintaining unity amid diversity. On the one hand, our diversity is a strength, while on the other hand it is a weakness. Therefore, there is a need for synergy in caring for the diversity of the Indonesian people not only to give fully to the government but also to become the responsibility and obligation of all Indonesian citizens including rural communities. The village is a representative of Indonesia's diversity because diversity colors every village in this country. One of the villages on the east end of the island of Java which has a diversity is Patoman village which amidst its diversity still inter-inter-cultural harmony. One effort that can be done to maintain the existence of diversity in Patoman Village is by developing the National Village Model. The purpose of this research is to: 1) analyze the character values contained in a multicultural society in Patoman Blimbingsari Village, Banyuwangi; 2) Developing Multicultural Village Based Multicultural Model in Patoman Village, Blimbingsari, Banyuwangi. In this study the method used is a qualitative method which consists of several stages, namely the determination of the research location, the method of determining informants, methods of data collection, research instruments, methods of testing data validity, and data analysis methods. The results showed that in the culture of culture Patoman village contains character values, namely 1) Religious Value, 2) Social, 3) Socio-cultural, 4) Local Wisdom, 5) Mutual cooperation, and 6) Nationalism. Whereas the Nationality Village model developed is an Integrated Nationality Village Model based on multicultural, multi-religious, socio-cultural, and ethnic. Keyword: Village, Nationality, Values, Character, Diversity

Few African countries provide for an explicit right to a nationality. Laws and practices governing citizenship effectively leave hundreds of thousands of people in Africa without a country. These stateless Africans can neither vote nor stand for office; they cannot enrol their children in school, travel freely, or own property; they cannot work for the government; they are exposed to human rights abuses. Statelessness exacerbates and underlies tensions in many regions of the continent. Citizenship Law in Africa, a comparative study by two programs of the Open Society Foundations, describes the often arbitrary, discriminatory, and contradictory citizenship laws that exist from state to state and recommends ways that African countries can bring their citizenship laws in line with international rights norms. The report covers topics such as citizenship by descent, citizenship by naturalisation, gender discrimination in citizenship law, dual citizenship, and the right to identity documents and passports. It is essential reading for policymakers, attorneys, and activists. This third edition is a comprehensive revision of the original text, which is also updated to reflect developments at national and continental levels. The original tables presenting comparative analysis of all the continent's nationality laws have been improved, and new tables added on additional aspects of the law. Since the second edition was published in 2010, South Sudan has become independent and adopted its own nationality law, while there have been revisions to the laws in Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Namibia, Niger, Senegal, Seychelles, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia and Zimbabwe. The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights and the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child have developed important new normative guidance.