Suchergebnisse

Good governance promotes the fundamental grounds of participation and democracy in contemporary public administration, whilst institution building and the (in)effectiveness of public administration is linked to economic growth. This synergy brings forth sheer implications on the sustainable economic development. On this composite setting, the paper examines several fundamental credentials of public administration in the European Union (EU) countries, in relation to economic development, but also poverty, research, and development support, as representative socio-economic credentials. The empirical analysis is based on data covering the 1995&ndash ; 2017 lapse of time, processed through three econometric procedures, namely robust regression, structural equation modeling, and Gaussian graphical models. The main results emphasize that there are significant joint implications of public administration on the considered socio-economic dimensions. General government spending and, particularly, the environmental support, have positive implications on the European Union economies, leading to significant increases in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and downsize in poverty risk (more emphasized in regard to the government expenditures than the environmental protection). Overall, the quality of governance in EU countries requires an additional effort dedicated to leverage good public governance in order to support the long-term economic development.

The article provides a comparative decription and analysis of medium-term effects of two development approaches geared towards poverty alleviation in Bangladesh. (ODA)

Poverty is a fundamental case that is experienced in every region in the Province of Bali which is of course the shared responsibility of both the regional government, the private sector as well as individual communities. The purpose based on this research is to analyze the impact of PAD, investment & regional expenditure on poverty levels in the Regency/City of the Province of Bali. The data source used is secondary data for 2016-2020. This research uses multiple linear regression analysis technique in the form of panei data. The resuIts according to this study show that PAD, investment & regional expenditure simultaneously affect the level of poverty in the Regency / City of Bali Province. For PAD & investment partially negative & insignificant effect on the poverty level in the Regency / City of Bali Province. Meanwhile, regional expenditure partially has a negative & significant effect on the poverty level in the Regency/City of the Province of Bali.

Energy inequity is an issue of increasing urgency. Few policy-relevant datasets evaluate the energy burden of typical American households. Here, we develop a framework using Net Energy Analysis and household socioeconomic data to measure systematic energy inequity among critical groups that need policy attention. We find substantial instances of energy poverty in the United States – 16% of households experience energy poverty as presently defined as spending more than 6% of household income on energy expenditures. More than 5.2 million households above the Federal Poverty Line face energy poverty, disproportionately burdening Black, Hispanic, and Native American communities. For solar, wind, and energy efficiency to address socioeconomic mobility, programs must reduce energy expenditures by expanding eligibility requirements for support and access to improved conservation measures, efficiency upgrades, and distributed renewables. We recommend the United States develop a more inclusive federal energy poverty categorization that increases assistance for household energy costs.

This article focused on analyze (1) The effect of consumption, investment, government spending, taxes, inflation, net exports and poverty on the economy in Indonesia, (2) The effect of the economy, inflation, government spending, wages, education and unemployment on poverty in Indonesia. This research is descriptive and associative. While this type of data is the documentary data, the data source is a secondary data as well as data in the form of time series from 1983 - 2013 in this study using a simultaneous equations model analysis with Two Stages Least Squared method (TSLS). Endogenous variables in the study is the economy and poverty. While exogenous variables are consumption, investment, government spending, inflation, net exports, taxes, wages, education and unemployment. The study concluded that (1) consumption, investment, government spending, net exports significantly affect poverty in the Indonesian economy. The increase in the consumption, investment, government spending, net exports and poverty reduction will lead to an increase in the Indonesian economy. If the decline in the consumption, investment, government spending, net exports and an increase in poverty will lead to a decrease in the Indonesian economy. While inflation and taxes are not a significant effect on the economy in Indonesia (2) The economy, government spending and unemployment significantly influence poverty in Indonesia. If the economy and government spending has increased and unemployment decreased, the poverty in Indonesia will decline. However, if the economy and government spending has decreased and unemployment has increased the poverty in Indonesia will increase. Meanwhile, inflation, wages and education had no significant effect on poverty in Indonesia. Keywords : Consumption, Investment, Government Spending, Taxes, Inflation, Net Export, Wages, Education, Unemployment, Economy and Poverty

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of economic growth, human development index, and unemployment on poverty in West Kalimantan. This research is a quantitative research using panel data, the data used in the form of time series (2009-2013) and data cross (14 regencies / cities in Kalimantan Barat). The data used in this research is secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency and the journal as a supporter. The analytical method used is the method of multiple linear regression analysis with FEM methods used Eviews 6 software tools. The results showed that the variables of economic growth is not significant effect on poverty, minimum wage no significant effect on poverty, unemployment no significant effect on poverty. Based on these results, it is expected that the government of West Kalimantan should expand employment opportunities by making it easier to open a business license in order to work the greater the chance that a lot of manpower absorption which will have an impact on poverty figures. Improve services in education and health, and improve public infrastructure so that any activity in promoting economic growth running smoothly so that poverty can be overcome. Keywords: poverty, economic growth, human development index, and unemployment

Although the present analysis raises some concerns about the mistargeting of Employment Guarantee Scheme and, in this context, about the design and implementation of this scheme, the presumption that such public support makes the poor perpetually dependent on it seems somewhat exaggerated, if not mistaken. (DSE/DÜI)

Social protection is fast becoming a key theme in development policy. This book, now in paperback, examines the political processes shaping social protection policies; compares key conceptual frameworks available for analysis; and provides a comparative discussion on social protection policies focused on the poor and poorest

Focusing on a specific impoverished region of rural Eastern Cape, this paper examines the dynamics of household formation and composition within postapartheid migratory networks. While the fluidity, contingency and spatially extended nature of African households is generally understood, the paper focuses on the social relationships that both buttress and flow from these qualities. In conceptualising the notion of the household, the paper also suggests the rubric of the 'household' can be a powerful, cultural narrative for constituting practices of domesticity. Five detailed case studies are presented and the dynamics of household-making explicated in terms of three distinct levels of analysis. The first is the overarching macro-structural context which includes kinship practices, cultural mores, rural governance and the changing political economy of South Africa's former homelands. The paper argues that the altered material base of rural livelihoods in the last two decades has seen traditional patterns of male circular migration and trajectories of household formation eclipsed by large numbers of economically marginalised workseekers who precariously churn between both urban-rural and within rural areas. These changes have undercut the prospects for traditional forms of household formation and reconfigured the nature of the contemporary conjugal contract.

With 194,109 cases on 6th September 2020, Indonesia is one of the most infected countries of COVID-19. The daily total number of new confirmed COVID-19 cases passed the 3,000 mark for the first time since the beginning of the pandemic, with 3,003 and 3,308 new cases reported on 28 and 29 August, respectively. Jakarta and East Java mainly contributed to the surge, while several provinces like West Java, North Sumatera, and East Kalimantan emerged as new hotspots. With the high growing case number, this research seeks to analyze the linkages between the regional economic situations and each COVID 19 cases in Indonesia. This research analyzes the effect of regional economic through the number of poverties in urban and rural areas, the hotel room occupancy rate, the Gini Ratio in both urban and rural areas. The cross section data variables are selected from the data in 2020 within 34 provinces in Indonesia from Badan Pusat Statistika Indonesia and Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan COVID-19 Indonesia. This paper also plot and analyze some province level data in 2019. The analysis indicates that poverty in rural and urban areas, hotel room occupancy rate, and Gini Ratio in Urban Area have positive and significant impact on the total COVID-19 cases. The plot analysis show that population density, percentage of households in urban slum, percentage of household frequency of using used water for other purposes have positive relation with transmission of COVID-19 in Indonesia. Until 6th September 2020, the transmission of COVID-19 in Indonesia is increasing rapidly. In regards of this situation, the government should have imposed stricter regulations in the mandatory mask in public spaces, social distancing, and other preventive measures in all provinces in Indonesia.

The declining trend of Tabalong Regency's economic growth in recent years adversely affected the poverty rate. Further, the recent energy subsidy policy applied by the Indonesian Government has pushed the subsidy's budget down for some energy goods. Therefore, there should be an awareness regarding the current energy policy and the impact on the poverty particularly in Tabalong Regency. This paper investigates the demand system for the three main energy goods; premium fuel, electricity, and Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) in Tabalong Regency of the South Kalimantan Province. Although the same method was previously used on the different topics, this paper uniquely utilizes the combined Linear Approximation and Quadratic Almost-Ideal Demand System on the particular energy policy topic. This paper utilizes the National Social Economics Survey conducted by BPS-Statistics of Tabalong Regency in 2016. The results show that the income elasticity of demand for the top 60% and the bottom 40% of the income groups were positive; however, slight differences could be seen. For the top 60% of the income group, the income elasticities of demand were 0.97, 1.02, and 1.08 for premium fuel, electricity, and LPG respectively. On the other hand, the bottom 40% of the income group had 0.99, 1.07, and 0.91 of income elasticity of demand for premium, electricity, and LPG. The price elasticity of demand for both income groups had negative signs, which is agreeing with the theoretical demand function. These results indicate that the current energy policy should continue with securing the poor households from the possible effect.

This regular economic report records the economic activities of Uzbekistan for the year 2013-2014. Uzbekistan's outlook remains largely dependent on commodity prices. The chief external factors affecting economic performance of Uzbekistan are favorable global commodity price trends for gold, gas, cotton, and copper. Although remittance inflows may suffer as the outlook weakens for Russia, government increases in wages and social payments will help to sustain private consumption. Thus, growth in Uzbekistan is not expected to slow down considerably, as surplus current account, high fiscal savings, external reserves, ongoing investment program and wage increase and remittance inflow in 2013–14 would mitigate the impacts of a continued global slowdown. However, the poor business environment will continue to deter most Western investors, and the authorities likely to continue impeding private-sector activity by retaining currency controls and high tariffs and excise taxes on imports. Inflation is expected to remain at around 7 percent in 2013–15. Global food prices are forecast to gradually decline, and more modest growth in net foreign assets and monetary indicators would offset higher government spending and limit inflationary pressure. Although the short-term growth outlook remains favorable, downside risks are high due to a still weak global situation. The first risk is external and stems from a possible slowdown in economic activity in Russia (and a consequent reduction in remittance flows to Uzbekistan) and likely lower prices for some of Uzbekistan's traditional commodity exports. The second risk is internal and comes from inappropriate integration of generally sound macroeconomic policies with weak structural policies in the country that negatively affect business incentives and hamper improvements in productivity and appropriate job creation making long term growth unsustainable.

One of the most valuable features of Capital and Ideology is its concern to take history seriously and consider how the emergence of different political and economic regimes relate to discourses about fairness and justice across time. This paper pushes this agenda further by acknowledging that the experience of a few developed nations should not be taken as the template for the generalized study of inequality dynamics across time and space. In this paper, we interrogate Piketty's analysis and policy proposals against specificities that are central to understanding the production and reproduction of inequalities within South Africa. We reflect on the South African case, the structure of inequality and its changes since 1994. We review a battery of policy interventions that have been implemented to address inequality in the last 25 years. We emphasize that the long shadow cast by centuries of colonialism and various forms of apartheid strongly affirm Piketty's emphasis on understanding history. But this is both affirmation and critique given the foundational, imbedded impact that this specific legacy has had on post‐apartheid society and its policies. Piketty is aware that the levels of inequality in South Africa are so high that this is "unknown territory." We map out some of this territory to reveal how these extreme initial wealth and racial inequities inform the reproduction of inequalities in all dimensions and undermine well intentioned policies. We claim that understanding extractive histories, imbedded wealth inequalities, and complex social and political institutions allows us to understand and confront some of the reasons why even in light of progressive policies, many of which are in line with the proposals from Piketty, government interventions have thus far failed to reduce inequality.

Objective. This article critically examines contradictions within the Israeli welfare system, & asks how welfare transfers affect poverty for different social groups. Methods. Using data from Israel's 1996 Income Survey conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics, the analysis focuses on households with working-age heads, & compares poverty rates, before & after transfers among three groups: (1) recent immigrants; (2) Arabs; & (3) ultra-orthodox Jews (Haredim), distinguishing between couple- & female-headed households. Results. The results show that social welfare policy is more effective in aiding recent immigrants, who are entitled to special benefits, than aiding Arabs. The findings also show that transfers have a stronger effect in reducing poverty among female-headed families than among couple-headed families, thus reducing the gap between these two types of households. Conclusions. Israeli welfare policy reduces poverty, but this effect differs substantially by social group. While formally Israel is considered a universalistic welfare state, for historical & ideological reasons certain social groups, such as Jewish immigrants, have been favored & granted extra benefits, while others, such as Arabs, were neglected. 4 Tables, 27 References. Adapted from the source document.