Suchergebnisse

"Born into a wealthy, politically influential Indian family in the waning years of the Raj, Jawaharlal Nehru was raised, under his father's careful guidance, on Western secularism and the humanist ideas of the Enlightenment. But it was not until he met Gandhi in 1916 that Nehru was transformed from an uninspired student into a fiery and motivated activist. The theories of democracy, human dignity, and self-determination from his student days became ideals to fight and live for. In Nehru and Gandhi, India found an invincible team - a spiritual father who could move millions and a political tactician who could galvanize them into action. Together, they led the nonviolent struggle for India's independence, a struggle that wasn't won until 1947. But neither Nehru nor Gandhi could prevent the horrific price for independence: partition." "In this fascinating account of an extraordinary life and career, Shashi Tharoor, eminent United Nations diplomat and author of India: From Midnight to the Millennium, traces Nehru's development from privileged child, posturing young nationalist, and valiant fighter for independence, to unchallengeable prime minister and global statesman. Tharoor casts an unflinching eye on Nehru's heroic efforts for, and stewardship of, independent, India and gives us a careful appraisal of his legacy to the world."--BOOK JACKET

Front Matter -- Front Cover -- Half Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table Of Contents -- Contents -- Introduction -- Jewish Responses to Modernity -- Being Jewish and .... -- Jewish Religious, Ethnic,and National Identities: Convergences and Conflicts -- Arthur Ruppin Revisited: The Jews of Today, 1904-1994 -- A Tradition of Invention: Family and Educational Institutions among Contemporary Traditionalizing Jews -- National Contexts, Eastern EuropeanImmigrants, and Jewish Identity: A Comparative Analysis -- European and North American Variations -- British Jews or Britons of the Jewish Persuasion? The Religious Constraints of Civic Freedom -- Reluctant Cosmopolitans: The Impact of Continentalism, Multi culturalism, and Globalization on Jewish Identity in Canada -- From Commandment to Persuasion: Probing the "Hard" Secularism of American Jewry -- Family Economy/Family Relations: The Development of American Jewish Ethnicity in the Early Twentieth Century -- Regional Variations in the United States -- Inventing Jewish Identity in California: Shlomo Bardin, Zionism, and the Brandeis Camp Institute -- Jewishness in New York: Exception or the Rule? -- The Israel Difference -- From Individuality to Identity: Directionsin the Thought of J. B. Soloveitchik and Eliezer Schweid -- Patterns of Jewish Identity Among Israeli Youth and Implications for Teaching Jewish Texts -- A Social Constructivist Approach to Jewish Identity -- Jewish and Other National and Ethnic Identities of Israeli Jews -- Back Matter -- Contributors -- Index -- Back Cover.

"considers the similarities and differences in the relationship between Church and State, on a range of contemporary matters, in six countries. These - the Part II jurisdictions - are chosen on the basis of the contrasts they offer: the US and Canada, built on the contribution of immigrants but with sizeable indigenous populations, have distinctively different constitutional interpretations of that relationship; England and Wales and its five centuries of an 'established Church'; France where laïcité resolutely dictates the place of religion; Germany which struggles to overcome its Nazi past and re-integrate its eastern Communist citizens; and the outlier, Israel "a Jewish State for a Jewish people", established and maintained to provide a distinctly non-neutral protection to a specific religion and one where Judaism and the State are, seemingly, moving ever closer to a theocratic relationship. All six jurisdictions are modern democracies and all are signatory nations to international treaties that require States to adopt a neutral approach to religion"--

During Israel's military operation in Gaza in the summer of 2014 the commanding officer of the Givati infantry brigade, Colonel Ofer Vinter, called upon his troops to fight "the terrorists who defame the God of Israel." This unprecedented call for religious war by a senior IDF commander caused an uproar, but it was just one symptom of a profound process of religionization, or de-secularization, that Israeli society has been going through since the turn of the twenty-first century.This book analyzes and explains, for the first time, the reasons for the religionization of Israeli society, a process known in Hebrew as hadata. Jewish religion, inseparable from Jewish nationality, was embedded in Zionism from its inception in the nineteenth century, but was subdued to a certain extent in favor of the national aspect in the interest of building a modern nation-state. Hadata has its origins in the 1967 war, has been accelerating since 2000, and is manifested in a number of key social fields: the military, the educational system, the media of mass communications, the teshuvah movement, the movement for Jewish renewal, and religious feminism. A major chapter of the book is devoted to the religionization of the visual fine arts field, a topic that has been largely neglected by previous researchers.Through careful examination of religionization, this book sheds light on a major development in Israeli society, which will additionally inform our understanding of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. As such, it is a key resource for students and scholars of Israel Studies, and those interested in the relations between religion, culture, politics and nationalism, secularization and new social movements.

This volume seeks to introduce and deepen the understanding of Islam and its role in politics as encountered in different national and transnational contexts in Southeast Asia, eschewing the neo-orientalist approach that has informed public discourse in recent years. In Encountering Islam, the book lingers beyond the summary moment and reflects on the multiple impressions, suppressions and repressions, whether coherent or incoherent, associated with Islam as a socio-political force in public life. To this end, it is not adequate simply to represent the divergent identities associated with Islam in Southeast Asia, whether embedded in state-endorsed orthodoxy or Islamic movements that contest such orthodoxy. It is also important to examine religious minorities in political contexts where Islam is dominant and Muslim communities in national contexts where they are minorities. By situating these religious identities within their larger socio-political contexts, this volume seeks to provide a more holistic understanding of what is encountered as Islam in Southeast Asia

Denkanstöße zur Debatte, wie sich Europa gegenüber der Türkei verhalten könnte bzw. sollte, möchten die Autor/-innen (Journalisten, Historiker, Verleger) dieses Sammelbandes geben, der in Folge einer 2005 in Berlin veranstalteten Konferenz ("Modell Türkei") zusammengestellt wurde. Er versammelt versierte Stimmen aus der Türkei (u.a. Orhan Pamuk) und aus Deutschland (u.a. Cem Özdemir) zur Frage, wie sich die Türkei in eine pluralistische, demokratische Gesellschaft wandeln kann, ohne ihre religiöse Grundhaltung zu verlieren. Gut lesbare, die aktuelle Debatte zum Verhältnis Europa-Türkei bereichernde Texte für politisch interessierte Menschen.

Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Part I: State, Citizen and Dissent -- Chapter 1: Conscience and Conscientiousness: Principles, Concepts, and Parameters -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Principles and Definitions -- 1.2.1 Religion, Belief and Matters of Conscience -- 1.2.1.1 Traditional Religions -- Christianity -- Islam -- Judaism -- 1.2.1.2 Contemporary Belief Systems -- Legitimacy and Cogency -- 1.2.1.3 Matters of Conscience -- Ethics -- 1.2.1.4 Public and Private -- 1.2.1.5 The Public Interest -- 1.2.2 State Neutrality Towards Religion and Belief -- 1.2.2.1 The Secular and the Sacred -- Secularism -- State Preferencing of Religion -- State Defence of Cultural Heritage -- 1.3 Conscientious Objection: Concept, Interpretation and the Law -- 1.3.1 Objections: Conscientious and Otherwise -- 1.3.1.1 The Conscientious Objector -- Singular or Also Collective -- Conscientiousness -- 1.3.1.2 The Means or Method of Objecting -- Whistleblowers -- Victim of Religious/Belief Discrimination -- Conscientious Objection and/or Discrimination -- Social Activists -- 1.3.1.3 The Subject -- A Principled Rejection of the Status Quo -- 1.3.1.4 Selectivity and Scale -- 1.3.2 Objections: Conscientiousness and the Law -- 1.3.2.1 Authority -- Government and Legislature in Democratic Societies -- 1.3.2.2 Objecting Conscientiously and the Law -- A Specific Legal Duty -- 1.4 Parameters -- 1.4.1 Origins: Exemption on Grounds of Religious Belief -- 1.4.1.1 Exemption from Military Service -- 1.4.1.2 Exemption from Oaths -- 1.4.1.3 Exemption from Vaccinations -- 1.4.2 Broadening the Parameters: The De-Criminalisation of Abortion, Homosexuality and Prostitution -- 1.4.2.1 Reproductive Rights -- Decriminalisation -- Assisted Reproduction Technology -- 1.4.3 Extending the Parameters by Analogy: Same Sex Issues Etc.

Paris, Kuala Lumpur, New York, Doha, Berlin, Honolulu, La Chaux-de-Fonds: each of these cities hosts a museum of Islamic art, and many more can be added to this list. Since the 2000s, and in particular after the 9/11 attacks, more and more cultural institutions have invested in this sector.
In this context of international museums' "Islamania", for the very first time this book looks at the case of France, through the examples of the Louvre Museum and the Institut du monde arabe. By analyzing the staging of Islam, from the Colonial Exhibitions of the 19th century to the present day, this work shows how such staging is the reflection of public policies regarding the Muslim religion and how the French State uses it to manage Islamic otherness. More broadly, the museums' treatment of Islam makes it possible to reflect on the regulation of religion and consequently on secularism. It also illustrates the political and social tensions caused by the presence of Islam in France and, by extension, the place of the Other in now multicultural and globalized Western societies.
"Islam of museums" thus goes beyond mere observation of the history of an artistic genre, it provides a new perspective on our cultural, political, social, and religious history.

Analyses the historical and sociological roles of Friday sermons in the nation-building process in modern Turkey Presents a new field of research, which focuses the role of Islamic oratory in the nation building process in modern TurkeyAnalyses various forms and contents (including a large number of translations from Turkish to English) of Friday prayer oratoryHighlights how state patronage conducted through a secular political order has controlled religion, but also how an overpowering state has been challenged by various religious groups and institutions Synthesises three basic analytical dimensions of official Muslim oratory: the religious ritual; political and ideological discourses; and, governmental supervision through the official religious institution DiyanetWith an all-pervading sermon theme of social, national and political unity, Elisabeth Özdalga explores how long-standing religious rituals are utilised and mobilised in the formation of modern political loyalties and national identities. Since the formation of the Republic in 1923, Friday sermons (hutbe) have been an important platform that allows the state to engage and communicate with the Turkish people. Sermon topics vary from religious and ethical issues to matters concerning family, women, health, education, business and the environment. Even if politics, in the name of secularism, has been banned from mosques and sermons, questions of how to be a good citizen and honour the Turkish nation have been of utmost importance

Intro -- Halftitle Page -- Title Page -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction: Religious Events in Contemporary Cities -- Part 1: After the Secular City: Religion and Urban Effervescence -- 2 Religion from the Street: Religious Expression in a Popular Colonia, Mexico City -- 3 Staging Green Spirituality in the Parks of Lausanne and Geneva: A Spatial Approach to Urban Ecological Festivals -- 4 Constructing a Religioscape: The Case of Pushkinskaya Square in Moscow -- 5 Festivals of Religions and Religious Festivals: Heritigized Heterotopias -- Part 2: The Politics of Religion in Urban Spaces: Power and Symbolism in the City -- 6 A Bridge Too Far: Yoga, Spirituality, and Contested Space in the Pacific Northwest -- 7 "It's the First Sukkah since the Inquisition!": Jewish Celebrations in Public Spaces in Barcelona -- 8 Spatial Discourses of Sanctity as a Means of Struggle and Empowerment in a Contested City -- 9 Decoding Strategic Secularism in Madrid: Religion as Ambience in Three Scenarios -- Part 3: Public Religious Events, Urban Transcendence, and Embodied Spirituality -- 10 Urbi et Orbi: Pope Benedict's Visit to Berlin and the Emplacement of Communicative Events -- 11 Turning Spirituality into a Public Event: The Popularization of Collective Meditations in the Urban Space -- 12 God's Warriors: Embodying Evangelical Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu in Rio de Janeiro -- 13 Feeling Sufis: An Essay on Intimate Religion in Berlin -- 14 Epilogue -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Notes on Contributors -- Index -- Imprint.

Chapter 1: Society and Politics of Jammu and Kashmir: An Introduction -- Section One: History And Politics Of Jammu & Kashmir.-Chapter 2: The Kashmir Conundrum: Past, Present and Future -- Chapter 3: Article 370 and 35A: Origin, Provisions and the Politics of Contestation -- Chapter 4: Azad Jammu and Kashmir's Quest for Empowerment -- Chapter5: Gilgit–Baltistan and the Ongoing Politics of Ambiguity -- Section Two: Social And Political Movements -- Chapter 6: From Muslim Conference to National Conference: Sheikh Abdullah's Quest for Secularism -- Chapter 7: The Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front: An Insider Account -- Chapter 8: The Development of Islam in Kashmir and its Influence on Socio-Religious Movements in Contemporary Azad Jammu and Kashmir -- Section Three: Case Studies From The Jammu Province And Ladakh -- Chapter 9: The Story of Mirpur: From Magnificence to Marginalization to Migration -- Chapter 10: Recalling Patriotism: Masculine Sacrifice and Public Statuary in Jammu -- Chapter 11: The Importance of Being Ladakhi: Negotiating Cultural Citizenship -- Section Four: Case Studies From The Kashmir Province -- Chapter 12: Behind Occupation and Surveillance: The Armed Forces Special Powers Act and the Right to Privacy in Kashmir. Chapter 13: Women in the Kashmir Conflict: Changing Roles and Negotiating Spaces -- Chapter 14: The 1947 Massacre and its Impact on Sikhs in Kashmir -- Conclusions: Afterword: A Clarion Call.

Front Matter -- Dedication -- Copyright page -- Acknowledgements -- Notes on Contributors -- Social Sciences at the Crossroads: Introduction /Björn Wittrock and Shalini Randeria -- Forms of Being -- What Can We Learn from Insect Societies? /Raghavendra Gadagkar -- What Does it Mean to Be Human? Who Has the Last Word: Sociologists, Biologists, or Philosophers? /Alan Ryan -- What Is It to Be Human? A Unified Model Suggests History Will Have the Last Word /Christina Toren -- Forms of Theorizing -- Sociological Individualism /Peter Hedström -- Norms as Social Facts /Steven Lukes -- Forms of Believing -- Political Secularity in India before Modern Secularism. A Tentative Overview /Rajeev Bhargava -- Violence Affirmed: V.D. Savarkar and the Fear of Non-violence in Hindu Nationalist Thought /Jyotirmaya Sharma -- The Future of Christianity /Hans Joas -- Rethinking Democracy in Its Global Contexts -- From Local Universalism to Global Contextualism /Shmuel N. Eisenstadt -- Democracy for the 21st Century: Research Challenges /Gustaf Arrhenius -- Democracy Disrupted. The Global Politics of Protest /Ivan Krastev -- Rethinking Disciplinary Divides -- Embracing Uncertainty /Helga Nowotny -- Rethinking Biomedicine /Vinh-Kim Nguyen -- Manifesto for the Social Sciences /Craig Calhoun and Michel Wieviorka -- Rethinking the University -- The Modern University in Its Contexts. Historical Transformations and Contemporary Reorientations /Björn Wittrock -- The University in the Twenty-First Century: Teaching the New Enlightenment at the Dawn of the Digital Age /Yehuda Elkana -- Back Matter -- Index of Names.