Suchergebnisse

The history, conception, & uses of the term public sphere are explored. A recounting of initial & subsequent political usage draws on statements by Kane, Tonnies, Habermas, Garnham, & Arendt. There is consideration of conflicts between populist & market-driven motivations for control of public information. A survey of the early 20th-century rise of public service broadcasting is followed by details of its weakening. Investigation of causes for the ongoing crisis in public service media links public sphere theory with major factors, including financial instability, questions of legitimacy, & technological evolution. A tracing of changes in the nature of populist space & discourse includes examination of micro-, meso-, & macropublic spheres. Acceptance of the complexities attending public spheres discussion calls for ongoing assessment of volatile issues including pluralism, political geography, distinctions between public & private zones, transience, & the need for a shift in definitions to include cultural phenomena such as talk shows & video games. 34 References. M. C. Leary

Building upon recent work on epistemic varieties of liberalism, avant-garde political agency and the theory and practice of activism, I claim that a liberal defence of more open borders does not presuppose either indifference to the problem of the deep structural sources of poverty in poorer countries, or the absence of an account of those structures' transformation. Rather, it is claimed that in addition to the remittance of money and other economic goods to alleviate the symptoms of poverty, more open borders facilitate the remittance of norms and values in terms of which individuals and activist communities in poorer countries may transform the deep structures and institutions that are poverty's sources. This liberal account of more open borders and deep structural transformation also makes possible the non-coercive discharge of obligations of global justice on the part of wealthier states to the world's poor, when poorer nations are either unable or unwilling to discharge them themselves.

We document that nearly half of the global decline in agricultural employment was driven by new cohorts entering the labor market. A new dataset of policy reforms supports an interpretation of these cohort effects as human capital. Using a model of frictional labor reallocation, we conclude that human capital growth led to a sharp decline in the agricultural labor supply, accounting, at fixed prices, for 40 percent of the decrease in agricultural employment. This aggregate effect is halved in general equilibrium and it reflects the role of human capital as both a mediating factor and an independent driver of labor reallocation. (JEL J22, J24, J43, L16, O13, O14, Q10)