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Emergency response is the critical phase in disaster management, which can save lives and reduce losses by useful, accurate, and timely information. The surveying and mapping authorities at all levels are making great efforts to meet the increasing demand for geospatial data in disaster and risk management. In this paper, it takes the Sichuan province of China as an example. It presents a geospatial information based emergency response system for geological disasters from the perspective of the provincial mapping authority. The scheme of the response system aims to solve many problems that arose in practical disaster management and to meet the requirements of public safety and government management by geospatial information and services. Built on historical experience and improved through practical application, the system has now effectively improved the workflow in all phases of emergency response. The paper discusses the critical contents of the system's general framework in terms of emergency mechanism, GIS technology, geospatial data, emergency equipment, and professional teams. A case study is applied in this paper to explain how the system makes its function. The end of the article gives an analysis of its benefits and disadvantages and a comparison with other similar systems.

Authentic assessment in higher education motivates students and integrates employability into academic programmes. Authentic assessment arguably requires three elements: real-world practicality; cognitive challenge; and development of evaluative judgment. There is tension around the value of different kinds of knowledge and between academic and professional standards within authentic assessment. This tension is often most explicit for students completing a programme to gain accreditation against formal professional standards, for example to be a schoolteacher or nurse. Employability is one of the overlapping purposes of higher education but arguably so is global citizenship. In assessment in higher education we distinguish between 'assessment criteria' and 'academic standards'. We also distinguish between 'analytical' and 'holistic' grading of student work. However, professional standards frameworks produced by national associations or government departments do not often adopt these concepts and may blur the distinction between criteria and standards. A case study of an undergraduate teacher education programme in England, using critical discourse analysis of documents and thematic analysis of interview and focus group data, reveals three strategies for programme teams in developing authentic assessment. First, a critical perspective on professional standards. Second, a shared discourse with employers. Third, positioning professional standards as a boundary-crossing artefact in university-employer partnerships.

During the conflict, millions of Angolans fled the countryside for the relative safety of crowded shantytowns in coastal cities. The poor often settled in flood-prone environmentally risky sites, building homes incrementally where land was cheap. Angolan coastal settlements, house 64% of the Angola's urban population, are confronted by the dual challenge of supplying their war-displaced populations (particularly the poorest) with adequate water supply and safe housing. while at the same time confronting new problems of adapting to the climate and environmental changes that are occurring in these highly vulnerable coastal areas. The project's research team has recovered and analysed historical rainfall data; then digitalising it for sharing in the public domain. Mapping the results demonstrates the dramatically increased rainfall variability. Risk maps and physical planning information were co-produced and validated with the participation of local communities and municipal government administrations on-the ground. Urban planning in Angola must incorporate climate change adaptation considerations, taking into account newly available information on variability risks. Reduce Vulnerability of communities themselves can be promoted through micro-planning and co-participation with municipalities to develop adaptation plans, resilient to climate change and natural disasters.

Many agents have been involved to empower peatland farmers who cultivate Liberica Cofee. They have the same general purposes to save farming practices, but they have different programs and activities. Many agents involved had worried to blur focus and targets. Hence, the purpose of this study is to reveal empowering practice and performance. The study is located in Mekar Jaya village, the center of peatland Liberica Coffee, and used a qualitative method where field notes, observation, and in-depth interviews were used. Data collection was conducted in conjunction with the empowerment activities carried out by the research team in 2017-2019. The results showed the importance of empowering focus, coordination between groups, real participation of all groups and its members, and the need for local government intervention. Neglecting those will diminish the peatland farming environment function and farming roles to the farmer. In the future, the practice of empowerment will be more complex due to the global demands on the sustainability of peatlands increase. Hence, empowering could be started from farming improving, increasing productivity, and followed by increasing farmer's and group's capacity to manage both on economics and environmental value of peatland farming.

In the Multiple Streams Framework (MSF), policy entrepreneurs are primarily defined by their ability to promote and seek support for policy solutions. Recent research, however, points to the importance of policy entrepreneurs as "arena shapers" who attempt to create favorable conditions for their solutions in conflictual policy settings. In this paper, we seek to incorporate such strategies into the MSF by drawing on the organizational foundations of the original garbage can model. The main question is what role do policy entrepreneurs play in "organizing out" opposition from pre-decision processes, as a way of advancing contested policy solutions. We answer this question in a case study of a controversial hospital "mega-project" in Stockholm healthcare that shows how a small but influential team of entrepreneurs used the project as an opportunity for policy change. The study helps to identify three different organizational strategies: 1) regulating participation in order to neutralize opponents: 2) specializing attention to limit the "searchlight" and 3) sequential attention in order to reduce complexity and build commitment. While effective for advancing solutions in the face of conflict and entrenched positions, organizational strategies also have important democratic implications for the legitimacy of pre-decision processes and the prospects for broad deliberation.

Women; Leadership; Biomedical research centres ; Mujeres; Liderazgo; Centros de investigación biomédica ; Dones; Lideratge; Centres de recerca biomèdica ; New demands for biomedical research centres are related to gender balance in research teams, gender balance in decision-making, integrating gender in research, and the implementation of Gender-Equality Action Plans (GEAPs). Several approaches for the new demands andchallenges for gender equality where proposed in the Girona Summit. The approaches are related to: analysing gender equality issues, removing unconscious bias through cultural awareness, improving research by integrating a gender perspective, fostering women's career advancement and development, ensuring gender balance and transparency in decision-making positions, modernising policies and management practices, and representing the points of view of each stakeholder (individual, research centre, funding agency and policy-maker). Although not exhaustive of all possible options, the value of these approaches is being formulated on the basis of the experiences of the delegates of the Catalan research centres. The Hypatia of Alexandria Charter was proposed, discussed, endorsed and signed by the 19 centres of health and biomedical research of Catalonia, and the policy-making and assessment responsibilities of the Health Department of the Catalan Government.

Amsterdam's North-South Metro Line (NZL) megaproject has had a long eventful history. From the initial proposal in the 1990s, through construction in the 2000s to 2010s, to its opening in 2018, the NZL overcame many challenges. Several geotechnical incidents in the Vijzelgracht neighbourhood in 2008 cost the City of Amsterdam and the Dutch government millions of Euros. These incidents required complex recovery management actions, and there was a complete re-evaluation of the project, resulting in extensive reformulation of the project's communications and impact management strategies, and in more-transparent public participation. Despite NZL's significance, it never underwent any formal Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA), thus it provides an interesting case to consider how social impacts are addressed when there is no formal ESIA. Drawing on document review, semi-structured interviews, and a focus group, we considered the experiences of key decision-makers and project team members to learn how social impacts were assessed and managed over time in the absence of ESIA. We conclude that, when combined with appropriate urban governance frameworks, applying ESIA in urban and transport planning would improve the assessment and management of the social impacts of future megaproject infrastructure developments.

Background and purpose The diagnosis of rare movement disorders is difficult and specific management programmes are not well defined. Thus, in order to capture and assess care needs, the European Reference Network for Rare Neurological Diseases has performed an explorative care need survey across all European Union (EU) countries. Methods This is a multicentre, cross-sectional study. A survey about the management of different rare movement disorders (group 1, dystonia, paroxysmal dyskinesia and neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation; group 2, ataxias and hereditary spastic paraparesis; group 3, atypical parkinsonism; group 4, choreas) was sent to an expert in each group of disorders from each EU country. Results Some EU countries claimed for an increase of teaching courses. Genetic testing was not readily available in a significant number of countries. Regarding management, patients' accessibility to tertiary hospitals, to experts and to multidisciplinary teams was unequal between countries and groups of diseases. The availability of therapeutic options, such as botulinum toxin or more invasive treatments like deep brain stimulation, was limited in some countries. Conclusions The management of these conditions in EU countries is unequal. The survey provides evidence that a European care-focused network that is able to address the unmet rare neurological disease care needs and inequalities is highly warranted.

In the history of psychology, historians have found that during the Nazi era in Germany there was a greater emphasis on the holistic and genetic approach, as well as a rise of applied psychology (psychotechnics). To this day, however, the question of what effects the political and scientific changes had on the contacts and the reputation of German psychology abroad has rarely been asked. How was the psychology of the Nazi era judged from the Spanish side? In the 1930s and 1940s in Spain, several positions can be found, often characterized by a certain ambivalence. In this book chapter I selected texts published by Spanish psychologists who were very interested in the work done in Germany, who spoke German and maintained personal contacts with academics in German institutions during that period. My research shows that there was concern and interest as well as criticisms with regard to the new trend. I point out several reasons Spanish scholars had for adopting their positions such as the typological comparison on a national level and the arrival of Jewish psychologists such as Wolff, who in 1933 started to work with Mira and his team at the Psychotechnical Institute in Barcelona.

This paper investigates the role of frequency in object marking in Lithuanian as L2. 28 "verb + object" constructions with 4 types of case government were tested. The data were collected in 4 high schools in Vilnius where the language of instruction is Russian. In total, 78 pupils (16–18 years old) participated in the study. With reference to the Usage-Based Theory of Language Acquisition (Tomasello, 2005; Bybee, 2008), this paper aims to answer the question if frequency of verbs and grammatical cases in "verb + object" constructions affect how correctly young Russian speakers mark the object in Lithuanian as L2. The study was based on a written form of Elicited Oral Imitation Test (Erlam, 2006). The data were analysed with R (R Core Team, 2013). A one-sample t test revealed that the object marking in constructions with frequent verbs was significantly more correct than object marking in constructions with infrequent verbs. The analysis also shows that participants of the study performed better while providing constructions with verbs governing grammatical cases that are more used in Lithuanian than less frequent cases. A relatively small group of participants and a single experimental task limit the results of the study.

This conceptual paper aims to examine the relationship between the knowledge management strategy and organizational performance in Libya transportation industry. Libya's government policy proposals for public organisation reform have largely failed to encourage the development of information. The transport industry is suffering from a shortage of backward-integrated equipment. Most Arab nations have inherited their transparent authoritative practises from their previous founder legacies. This is despite the way in which the region needs knowledge management as never before due to the evolving way of global aggression. Also, the introduction and use of different information technologies in an enterprise will be the key to conducting knowledge management activities in the transport industry. The promotion of trust among members of intra- and inter-organizational teams is of primary concern for the establishment of a strong and sound knowledge base. It takes some time to establish a desired knowledge culture for the sharing of knowledge and exchange of knowledge. However, only a small section of the public would appreciate gains and any aspect of it could be overlooked by the rest. It should strive to develop the academic resources of the general public and involve people in basic leadership in general. JEL: L10; L25; L91 Article visualizations:

This report presents a social impact evaluation of 'Be Connected', an Australian government Digital Literacy for Older Australians program. The evaluation assesses the appropriateness, effectiveness and efficiency of 'Be Connected' and aims to inform future policy direction on the basis of the program's achievements, strengths and limitations. Through a mixed-methods, 3-year study gathering insights from the experiences of 915 program participants and stakeholders, the research team found that: - A nationally funded network approach to delivering digital skills support for older Australians works because it empowers diverse partner organisations – from libraries and computer clubs, to retirement villages, aged care facilities and Men's Sheds – to reach more older Australians in their local communities through trusted relationships. - Be Connected has successfully developed the capacity of more than 9,800 Digital Mentors to act as a frontline for digital skills development. - Adaptive, flexible and up-to-date online learning resources act as a touchpoint for Network Partners, Digital Mentors and learners. - Be Connected had a statistically significant impact on participants' foundational digital skills and knowledge, digital confidence, social connectedness and loneliness, and online safety. - Be Connected has delivered a positive social return on investment

Human conflict with wildlife is a complex problem because it isn't only related to human safety but also with the safety of wildlife itself. Conflicts that have occurred have pushed the Government of Aceh, District/City Government and related parties to be more wise in understanding the lives of wild animals so that the handling and prevention measures can be optimized and based on the root of the problem. For this reason, a legal protection is needed in the form of a qanun which is expected to be able to integrate all available resources to protect wildlife in Aceh. The method of implementation in community service is to get involved with the expert team Commission II DPRA in drafting the Qanun of Wildlife Management until finally the qanun was ratified on 27 September 2019 and then promulgated to be Qanun on 29 October 2019. The participation of the authors in the drafting of the draft qanun of wildlife includes part of the process of forming the qanun, including starting from the stages of planning, drafting, and discussion. While the stages of ratification or stipulation, enactment and dissemination are carried out by the DPRA and the Government of Aceh itself in accordance with their respective duties, functions and authorities.

This study focuses on the strengthening research culture through research-based learning in universities. This is a library research whose data source from reference books, scientific journals, proceedings, magazines, legislation and similar research results accessed through libraries and open journal systems. The data collection is conducted by compiling data in accordance with sub-problems which are then systematically organized. Data analysis is done by content analysis techniques to obtain theories or concepts and research results that are able to answer research problems. The results of this study indicate; 1) research is an important approach to improving the quality of learning, 2) to strengthen the culture of research at least there are four integrated focuses; (a) learning the latest research in lectures, (b) teaching research techniques or methods in each lecture taught by lecturers, (c) learning involving students to conduct research, and (d) discussion, debate or brainstorming to criticize research. 3) the benefits of PBR for students are; (a) students become usual in doing thesis because they are familiar with how to research, (b) trained to think, analyze, express and defend ideas, (c) trained to work in a planned manner, (d) trained to work hard, and (e) trained work in teams, connect with other people and collaborate.

Rural education is a short board of China's education. It is of great significance to strengthen the construction of the teacher team in rural middle schools for Rural Revitalization in the new era. The problem of structural shortage of teachers, reflected by the phenomenon of "what biology teachers teach is not what they learned" in rural middle schools, is a key issue that has been existing for a long time in the development of rural middle school education in our country. It is also a key problem that must be paid attention to and urgently solved in the face of the new situation, new tasks and new requirements. In response to this phenomenon that caused by the decline of students and the loss of biological teachers in rural middle schools, the government needs to play a supporting role and the school leaders of rural middle schools should innovate their systems and concepts. What's more, biological teachers should reflect on their hearts and have the educational feelings of being willing to develop the countryside. Only when the government, middle school leaders and biology teachers have formed an educational synergy, can we better solve that harmful phenomenon and promote the healthy and rapid development of rural middle school education.