Suchergebnisse

Trabajo de Fin Máster del Título Propio de la USAL "Máster en acceso a la abogacía". Curso 2019-2020 ; [ES] El presente Trabajo de Fin de Título tiene como objetivo, en términos generales, establecer unas pautas mínimas de resolución de posibles casos de Secreto Empresarial que puedan llegar a cualquier despacho. Abordaré, desde una perspectiva teórica, los principales requisitos que la nueva Ley 1/2019, de 20 de febrero, de Secretos Empresariales introdujo en nuestro ordenamiento para defender una cuestión que antes era ventilada por los cauces habilitados por la Ley 3/1991, de 10 de enero, de Competencia Desleal, desde el punto de vista civil. Por su parte, se mantiene como posteriormente mencionaré, aunque no ahondaré en ello, lo previsto por los artículos 278 a 280 del Código Penal, que aborda los supuestos más graves de violación de secretos, en los que se utilizan medios como el espionaje industrial, entre otros, para obtenerlos, revelarlos u utilizarlos de manera ilícita. Por último, realizaré una comparación entre ambas legislaciones, la anterior a la dispuesta por la Ley 1/2019, y la que actualmente utilizaremos, con el fin de clarificar qué cuestiones debemos realizar con carácter preventivo en cualquier empresa para prever posibles vulneraciones del Secreto Empresarial y, en caso de que esto no se produzca, se analizará también la hoja de ruta a seguir para procedimientos cuyo objeto sea la utilización, obtención o revelación ilícitas de Secretos Empresariales. ; [EN] The following Mastery's Final Project aims, in general terms, to establish minimum guidelines for resolving possible procedures or queries regarding Trade Secrets. I'll approach, from a theoretical perspective, the main requirements that the new Law No. 1/2019, of February 20, on Trade Secrets, introduced in our legislation to defend an issue that was previously solved by the channels that the Law No. 3/1991, of January 10, of Unfair Competition Law, granted under the perspective of private law. Under the perspective of public law, the provisions of articles 278 to 280 boards the most serious procedures of violation of secrets, such as industrial espionage to acquiring, disclosing or using illegally these trade secrets. Anyway, I will not focus on them in this Project, but I will mention them. Finally, I will make a comparison between both legislations, the one before the Law No. 1/2019, and the one introduced by it, in order to clarify what kind of issues should we do preventively in any company to anticipate possible violations of trade secrets and, if this anticipation does not occur, the roadmap to follow on procedures whose purpose is defend the owners of Trade Secrets from the unlawful use, acquisition or disclosure of them.

Статтю присвячено вирішенню актуальної педагогічної проблеми з оцінювання та вимірювання інформаційно-комунікаційної компетентності (далі – ІКК) слухача (курсанта) закладу вищої військової освіти та військового навчального підрозділу закладу вищої освіти. В основу дослідження покладено застосування принципів: міждисциплінарного компетентнісного підходу в організації освітнього процесу ЗВВО; побудови ієрархічних компетентнісних моделей здобувачів вищої військової освіти; комплексного кількісного оцінювання якості освіти на засадах педагогічної кваліметрії; дефінітивного аналізу основних понять, що стосуються інформатизації освітнього процесу і комунікації суб'єктів освітньої діяльності та уточнення сутності і змісту цих понять щодо особливостей їхнього застосування у педагогіці вищої військової школи. ; Introduction. The article is devoted to the topical pedagogical issue solving on evaluating and measuring the information and communication competence (ICC) of the applicant for higher military education based on hierarchical modeling and application of the pedagogical qualimetry principles. The basis for the research is the scientific approaches concerning the sequential differentiation of the integral indicator of the ICC to the level of criteria, the manifestation of which one can quantify and measure in the process of pedagogical practice in higher military education institutions.Purpose is development and implementation of the technique of quantitative evaluation of information and communication competence of the applicant for higher military education with the application of the pedagogical qualimetry basic principles.Methods. The following theoretical methods used in the research: system analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison, classification, generalization and systematization; idealization and abstraction.Results. The method of quantitative evaluation of information and communication competence of the applicant for higher military education with the application of the basic principles of pedagogical qualimetry, which can be implemented into the educational process of institutions of higher military education, is developed.Originality. The hierarchical model of information and communication competence of the applicant for higher military education was developed, and the basic principles of pedagogical qualimetry for the complex quantitative evaluation of the mentioned competence were applied.Conclusion. The article deals with the issue concerning evaluation of the information and communication competence of the applicant for higher military education. The mentioned above competence is proved to be an applicant's ability to select necessary information from various sources, to analyze and systematize it and choose the methods of reporting the mentioned information to other persons (person) during communication. ; Статья посвящена решению актуальной педагогической проблемы по оцениванию и измерению информационно-коммуникационной компетентности соискателя высшего военного образования. В основу исследования положено использование принципов: междисциплинарного компетентностного подхода в организации образовательного процесса: разработки иерархических компетентностных моделей выпускника высшего военного учебного заведения; комплексного количественного оценивания качества образования с использованием педагогической квалиметрии; дефинитивного анализа основных понятий, которые относятся к информатизации образовательного процесса и коммуникации субъектов образовательной деятельности, уточнения сути и содержания этих понятий относительно особенностей их использования в педагогике высшей военной школы.

Introduction. The humanistic approach to education involves overcoming one of the main disadvantages of the high school – its depersonalization. The basis of the implementation of this approach is the educational technologies of personality-oriented orientation which are becoming more and more important. At the same time, this problem is considered, for the most part, within the institutional, normatively-deterministic system of training specialists and did not find extensive coverage in personality-oriented education. Purpose. Substantiation of technological aspects of personality-oriented training of military specialists with higher education. Methods. The system of general scientific and special methods of theoretical (analysis of scientific literature on the studied problem, systematization, generalization of materials, content analysis) and empirical research (monitoring of military specialists, use of diagnostic tools, etc.). Results. The importance and essence of the problem under study is shown. The definitions of pedagogical technology, teaching technology are analyzed. Author's definition of pedagogical technology and technology of personality-oriented training of military specialists with higher education is given. Principles and basic principles of personality-oriented training of military specialists, factors that will increase the effectiveness of training military experts have been substantiated. An innovative model of the technology structure of personality-oriented training of military specialists is proposed, which includes the following components: projective-planning; organizational and procedural; control-monitoring, corrective.Originality. For the first time the principles are formulated and the innovative model of the technology structure of personality-oriented training of military specialists is presented. Its implementation in the Military-Educational Process of the higher military educational institutions should help increase the effectiveness of the training of military specialists.Conclusion The implementation of the proposed technology involves making changes to the normative-organizational, substantive, procedural and other components of the educational process of the higher military educational institutions, which should become the subject of further research. ; В статье исследуется проблема технологии личностно ориентированной подготовки специалистов в высших военных учебных заведениях. Обосновываются актуальность исследуемой проблемы, ее сущность и основные принципы. Предложено интегративную инновационную модель личностно ориентированной подготовки военных специалистов в пределах нормативного военно-образовательного процесса и личностно ориентированной учебно-познавательной деятельности курсантов (слушателей) с такими составляющими: проективно-планирующая, организационно-процессуальная, контрольно-мониторинговая, корректирующя. ; В статті досліджується проблема технології особистісно орієнтованої підготовки фахівців у вищих військових навчальних закладах. Обґрунтовуються актуальність досліджуваної проблеми, її сутність і основні принципи. Запропоновано інтегративну інноваційну модель особистісно орієнтованої підготовки військових фахівців в межах нормативного військово-освітнього процесу та особистісно орієнтованої навчально-пізнавальної діяльності курсантів (слухачів) з такими складовими: проективно-планувальна, організаційно-процесуальна, контрольно-моніторингова, коригувальна.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the relationship between OrganizationalChange and absenteeism in the non-profit foundations. The theoretical framework fororganizational change variable, stand Robbins (2004), Rodríguez (2006), Davis yNewstrom (2003), Molinera (2006), Tyson y York (2007), y Chiavenato (2007), amongothers. The typology of the study was descriptive and correlational. The design of theexperimental investigation, trans. The study population was composed of 29 personsbelonging to the human resources department of the three foundations, nonprofitorganizations dependent on the regional government of Zulia State. The technique of datacollection was through a survey as the instrument used two questionnaires, where onevariable for organizational change with 30 items and one for the absenteeism variable with15 items, both with Likert rating scale, with a weighting 1 to 5. Subjected these to aprocess of content validity by 10 experts, the reliability was checked by the Cronbachalpha formula with a score of r= 0.992 for Organizational Change questionnaire while theabsenteeism variable, r= 0.989. As for the interpretation of the data was used to calculate descriptive statistics and cumulative absolute frequencies, supported by measures ofaverage and standard deviation, the correlation of results was obtained through theformula of Pearson which was r = 0.164, leading to a very weak positive correlation.Although there may be an organizational change that affects not that there is absenteeism. ; El propósito de la investigación fue determinar la relación entre Cambio Organizacional yAusentismo Laboral en las Fundaciones Sin Fines de Lucro. Para el sustento teórico serecurrió a las teorías de: Robbins (2004), Rodríguez (2006), Davis y Newstrom (2003),Molinera (2006), Tyson y York (2007), y Chiavenato (2007), entre otros. La tipología delestudio fue descriptiva y correlacional, siendo un diseño no experimental, transeccional.La población se atribuyó a 29 personas del departamento de recursos humanos de lastres fundaciones sin fines de lucro dependientes del Gobierno regional del Estado Zulia.La técnica de recolección de datos fue la encuesta, y como instrumento dos cuestionarios;donde la variable Cambio Organizacional contuvo 30 ítems y la variable AusentismoLaboral 15 ítems; ambos con escala de Lickert, con una ponderación del 1 al 5.Sometidos a un proceso de validez de contenido por 10 expertos; la confiabilidad fue porla fórmula de Alpha Cronbach con un resultado de r=0,992 la variable CambioOrganizacional mientras Ausentismo Laboral un r=0,989. La interpretación de los datos serealizó a través del cálculo de la estadística descriptiva con frecuencias absolutas yacumuladas, apoyadas en medidas de tendencia de promedio y desviación estándar; lacorrelación de los resultados se obtuvo de la fórmula de Pearson r= 0,164, determinandouna correlación positiva muy débil. A pesar que puede existir un cambio organizacionaleso no incide en el ausentismo laboral.

This contribution analyses the use of third-party trackers by European countries media before and after the introduction of the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (hereafter: GDPR) as an inroad to discuss the legal versus ethical obligations of media with regards to audiences' privacy and the impact on the key value of trust in media. In force since 25 May 2018, GDPR provides extended rights to users to protect personal information. The legislation deals with third-party servers (represented by URLs) that play a role in compiling a webpage presented to the user. We focus on third-party servers that track, collect and analyse user behaviour. Theoretically, the paper starts from the idea that legal discussions of and instruments to regulate third-party servers' impact on privacy do not cover more fundamental ethical questions. Data collection may be lawful but can affect users' lives in unwanted ways and, thus, affect their trust in the service provider, i.e. media. This has two complementary theoretical perspectives: computer ethics (e.g. Moore, 1997; Brey 2005) and (public service) media values (authors, 2017) in the 'calculated public sphere' (Harper, 2016). Data result from an extensive and repeated collecting of third party traffic on media-related websites. From a dataset of +32 million recordings of HTTP responses from servers for files like pictures, code or text to +12700 web pages from 1250 websites visited 25 times before and after GDPR, we selected 355 media websites from 38 European countries (#114 from EBU members, #241 from private media). Data were analysed and third-party servers were identified and categorized. The result section, first, discusses various characteristics of third-party trackers before focusing on differences between public service and private media, comparing for EU/EEA versus the rest of Europe. Next, we analyse evolutions over time finding that public service websites are unchanged with regards to third party URLs, while private media show a decrease. Furthermore, GDPR has led to smaller third-parties disappearing to the advantage of the big ones, enhancing concentration of power for access to and collecting of user data. Results are discussed in light of the ethical implications of what may legally be a licensed use of audiences' data by third-party trackers. We assumed that the more third-party servers involved in a webpage visit, 1) the higher the potential exposure of personal, identifiable information and, thus, 2) the more the ethical aspects of privacy and, ultimately 3) the soft value of trust – crucial to the working of media, especially PSM - are compromised. Finally, it discusses how media policies in the area of privacy and wider individual rights need to go beyond the legal boundaries as set out in legal frameworks such as GDPR.

Metal-poor massive stars are assumed to be progenitors of certain supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, and compact object mergers that might contribute to the early epochs of the Universe with their strong ionizing radiation. However, this assumption remains mainly theoretical because individual spectroscopic observations of such objects have rarely been carried out below the metallicity of the Small Magellanic Cloud. Aims. Here we explore the predictions of the state-of-the-art theories of stellar evolution combined with those of stellar atmospheres about a certain type of metal-poor (0.02 Z·) hot massive stars, the chemically homogeneously evolving stars that we call Transparent Wind Ultraviolet INtense (TWUIN) stars. Methods. We computed synthetic spectra corresponding to a broad range in masses (20-130 M·) and covering several evolutionary phases from the zero-age main-sequence up to the core helium-burning stage. We investigated the influence of mass loss and wind clumping on spectral appearance and classified the spectra according to the Morgan-Keenan (MK) system. Results. We find that TWUIN stars show almost no emission lines during most of their core hydrogen-burning lifetimes. Most metal lines are completely absent, including nitrogen. During their core helium-burning stage, lines switch to emission, and even some metal lines (oxygen and carbon, but still almost no nitrogen) are detected. Mass loss and clumping play a significant role in line formation in later evolutionary phases, particularly during core helium-burning. Most of our spectra are classified as an early-O type giant or supergiant, and we find Wolf-Rayet stars of type WO in the core helium-burning phase. Conclusions. An extremely hot, early-O type star observed in a low-metallicity galaxy could be the result of chemically homogeneous evolution and might therefore be the progenitor of a long-duration gamma-ray burst or a type Ic supernova. TWUIN stars may play an important role in reionizing the Universe because they are hot without showing prominent emission lines during most of their lifetime. © 2019 ESO. ; This research was supported by grant 16-01116S (GACR). The Astronomical Institute Ondrejov is supported by the project RVO: 67985815. D. Sz. is grateful for the relevant discussion with G. Grafener and N. Langer, as well as to A. Szabo, as usual. A.A.C.S. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under grant HA 1455/26 and would like to thank STFC for funding under grant number ST/R000565/1. TS acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's DLV-772225-MULTIPLES Horizon 2020 research and innovation program. ; Peer Reviewed

19 pags., 8 figs., 5 tabs. -- Open Access funded by Creative Commons Atribution Licence 3.0 ; The full crystal structure of the copper-uranyl tetrahydroxide mineral (vandenbrandeite), including the positions of the hydrogen atoms, is established by the first time from X-ray diffraction data taken from a natural crystal sample from the Musonoi Mine, Katanga Province, Democratic Republic of Congo. The structure is verified using first-principles solid-state methods. From the optimized structure, the mechanical and dynamical stability of vandenbrandeite is studied and a rich set of mechanical properties are determined. The Raman spectrum is recorded from the natural sample and determined theoretically. Since both spectra have a high-degree of consistence, all spectral bands are rigorously assigned using a theoretical normal-coordinate analysis. Two bands in the Raman spectra, located at 2327 and 1604 cm, are recognized as overtones and a band at 1554 cm is identified as a combination band. The fundamental thermodynamic functions of vandenbrandeite are computed as a function of temperature using phonon calculations. These properties, unknown so far, are key-parameters for the performance-assessment of geological repositories for storage of radioactive nuclear waste and for understanding the paragenetic sequence of minerals arising from the corrosion of uranium deposits. The thermodynamic functions are used here to determine the thermodynamic properties of formation of vandenbrandeite in terms of the elements and the Gibbs free-energies and reaction constants for a series of reactions involving vandenbrandeite and a representative subset of the most important secondary phases of spent nuclear fuel. Finally, from the thermodynamic data of these reactions, the relative stability of vandenbrandeite with respect to these phases as a function of temperature and in the presence of hydrogen peroxide is evaluated. Vandenbrandeite is shown to be highly stable under the simultaneous presence of water and hydrogen peroxide. ; The supercomputer time provided by the CTI-CSIC center is greatly acknowledged. This work has been carried out in the context of a CSIC-CIEMAT collaboration agreement: "Caracterizaci´on experimental y te´orica de fases secundarias y ´oxidos de uranio formados en condiciones de almacenamiento de combustible nuclear". JP acknowledges the support through the project no. LO1603 of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports National Sustainability Program I of the Czech Republic. JS and JC were supported by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic (long-term project DKRVO 2019-2023/1.II.a and 1.II.b; National Museum, 00023272). VT was supported by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities within the Project FIS2016-77726-C3-1-P. VP thanks the support from the Czech Science Foundation (project 18-10504S).

The work of the Werner Committee, which in October 1970 resulted in a plan for an economic and monetary union (the Werner Report), was characterised by political and doctrinal differences between 'economists' and 'monetarists'. At issue was the question of whether monetary integration was the means or the ultimate goal of economic integration. On one side, there were the 'monetarists' (whose standard-bearers were the countries with weak currencies – France, Belgium and, to a certain extent, Italy), who argued for 'institutions'. The priority should be to set up institutions and lay down requirements to be met. After that, there would be a coordinating of economic policies, driven forward by concerted action on the single currency which would already exist. The only way to give any credibility to the prospect of monetary union and influence the behavior of players in the economy was to set a timetable and lay down some rules of conduct. On the other side were the 'economists' (the countries with strong currencies – Germany and the Netherlands). According to them, a convergence of economic policies — monetary and budgetary policies — was vital and must come before the setting up of institutions. A single currency would come only at the end of the process, as the 'finishing touch' to a harmonization which would already have been carried out. This dispute was ultimately resolved by the adoption of a parallel approach between economic cooperation and monetary coordination in the Member States, a principle of balance on the basis of which Pierre Werner (Prime Minister of Luxembourg and chairman of the expert committee) was able to secure a consensus. This paper makes extensive use of Pierre Werner's previously unpublished archives and original interviews, adopting an interdisciplinary approach in order to analyse the negotiations within the Werner Committee by examining the relationships between the members of the group, the emergence of their views on EMU, their political commitment to a European currency, the similarities and differences between their ideas, their personal networks, the influence of the states they represented, their theoretical and methodological input and their contribution to the political consensus. The paper demonstrates how transnational, network-based cooperation led to the emergence of a monetary elite, which had a significant influence both on the transfer of political ideas and solutions within the Member States and also on the decision-making process at supranational level in the area of European economic and monetary integration in the 1970s. Elite transnational networks and the consensuses they reinforce, cultivate, and disseminate, are critical to our understanding of progress and change in world politics.

En este artículo seguiremos la hipótesis de Teresa de Lauretis acerca de que la temática del feminismo se encuentra organizada de manera múltiple, inestable y discontinua históricamente, y es producto de contextos interpersonales y políticos, es decir, de una constante lucha discursiva y práctica. Abordaremos principalmente los ensayos Sujetos Excéntricos: la teoría feminista y la conciencia histórica y El Desplazamiento de los discursos hegemónicos: reflexiones sobre la teoría feminista de 1980, para dar cuenta de la versatilidad del feminismo y aplicar lo que esta autora sostiene, especialmente en relación a la vinculación con la ecología y el animalismo que comenzó asimismo entre mediados y fines del siglo XX . El enriquecimiento teórico, al incorporar estas temáticas y analizarlas desde una perspectiva de género, permitió visibilizar dinámicas que generan la explotación de las mujeres y de la naturaleza bajo los mismos supuestos androcéntrico y antropocéntricos. ; In this article, I will follow Teresa de Lauretis? hypothesis: the theme of feminism is organized in a multiple, unstable and historically discontinuous manner, and is the product of interpersonal and political contexts, that is, of a constant discursive and practical struggle. We will mainly deal with the essays Eccentric Subjects: Feminist Theory and Historical Consciousness and The Displacement of Hegemonic Discourses: reflections on the feminist theory of 1980, to account for the versatility of feminism, and apply what this author maintains, especially in relation to the connection with the ecology and animalism theory that also began at the middle of the past century. The theoretical enrichment, by incorporating these themes and analyzing them from a gender perspective, made possible to visualize dynamics that generate the exploitation of women and nature under the same androcentric and anthropocentric assumptions. ; Neste artigo seguiremos a hipótese de Teresa de Lauretis de que a O feminismo é organizado de forma múltipla, instável e instável e é o produto de contextos interpessoais e políticos, ou seja, de uma luta discursiva e prática constante. Vamos lidar principalmente com os ensaios Temas Excêntricos: Teoria Feminista e Consciência Histórica e El Deslocamento de discursos hegemônicos: reflexoes sobre a teoria feminista de 1980, para dar conta da versatilidade do feminismo e aplicar o que esta autora especialmente em relaçao à ligaçao com a ecologia e o animalismo que também começou entre meados e finais do século XX. Enriquecimento Teórica, incorporando estas questoes e analisando-as desde uma perspectiva de gênero, tornou visível a dinâmica que gera a exploraçao das mulheres e dos seus direitos natureza sob os mesmos pressupostos androcêntricos e antropocêntricos. ; Fil: Anzoátegui, Micaela. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina.

The paper is devoted to elucidating the content and role of institutional stimuli in providing the economic sustainability and development. There is systematized the understanding of the economic content of the stimulating and coordinating function of institutions. The analysis of the essence and forms of manifestations of the dilemma "sustainability vs development" is realized. The complex of institutional sustainability and development stimuli as a complicated integrity of formal and informal alternatives, mechanisms of the economic development is separated. There is also elucidated the content of anticorruption effects of using institutional stimuli. Main institutional preconditions of the theoretical model of stimulating the economic development in the context of combining quality institutions, mechanisms and effective stimuli are revealed, its base principles are substantiated.The method of institutional analysis that is a base of systematization of the understanding of the economic content of the stimulating and coordinating function of institutions is central in the study. The method of system approach is used at analyzing the essence and forms of manifestations of the dilemma "sustainability vs development". Based on method of structuring and synthesis, there is separated the complex of institutional stimuli of sustainability and development as a complicated integrity of formal and informal alternatives. The structural logic analysis gave a possibility to separate mechanisms and instruments of the economic development. Methods of comparison and generalization are used at elucidating the content of anticorruption effects of using institutional stimuli.There is established an importance of differentiation of legal institutions of state regulation that provide observation of property rights and responsibility and institutions that structure a market behavior of partners under conditions of the effective competition at making choice between the market and dirigiste mechanisms of sustainability and development.It is elucidated, that the effectiveness of institutional stimuli is connected with strengthening property rights and decreasing a corruption level. The influence mechanism of institutional stimuli of overcoming the conflict between private and social in the macrofinancial sphere is explained. It is established, that anticorruption effects of institutional stimulation need providing the rule of law, effective enforcement, support of democratic values, formation of the market competitive environment. At the same time there is revealed the ineffectiveness of anticorruption stimuli without raising the general culture of the population, formation of the anticorruption worldview.It is established the necessity of the civic society, more independent from the state, higher degree of personal responsibility of individuals for providing institutional stimuli that support stability, development and have the motivation effect in countries with forming markets. Institutional arrangements as to transferring economies of countries with forming markets to the way of development are determined.

The article analyses the notion of implementation of visual aids as a part of second language learning strategies (SLLS). Moreover, the article highlights the implementation of visual aids via multimedia in teaching the second language at the Military Academy of Lithuania (MAL) by applying the questionnaire for English language teachers and learners involved in English language learning and acquisition at the MAL. For this purpose of the research, the diagnostic questions were developed by using validated and reliable questionnaires such as the Revised Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) and the Learner-Teacher Motivation (STM) questionnaire in terms of the implementation of visual aids in the SL learning and acquisition curriculum process. The analysis of the advantages of this method implementation into learning process is presented in the article, as well as the requirements and recommendations for authentic audio-visual materials on the basis of multimedia applied for the realization of pedagogical case study in a regular academic curriculum content and the technology of methodological development of authentic video or audio material for the achievement tests. The objective of the research is presented and described on the basis of the research. The research showed the significance of effectiveness of implementation of visual aids methods into the second language learning for they economize teaching, learning and acquisition time and increase motivation of both teachers and learners necessary to stimulate and boost psychological traits of a learner, such as verbal memory, behavior, positive emotions and others indispensable for participating in the language learning process and acquisition. Thus, the object of the research is based on visual aids as a part of SLLS alleviating and facilitating SL learning and acquisition by implementing visual aids as a part of SL learning strategies. The aim of the research is to apply visual aids as direct strategy in the language learning process as a part of SLLS used in the acquisition of a SL. Based on the theoretical and methodological SL learning approach of direct and indirect learning strategies, the methods of visual aids were chosen as the best means to accomplish the aim: to achieve the best effect of the SL learning and acquisition via implementing visual aids as a part of the SL learning strategies. In order to conduct the already set objectives of the research and to test the hypotheses of the research, the questionnaire was used to collect the required data. Moreover, besides the questionnaire data, the data of log observation sheets, pull-out focus groups, checklists, achievement tests and surveys of learners were analyzed too.

Стаття присвячена дослідженню теоретичних та практичних основ державного регулювання банківської діяльності в Україні. Визначено головні напрями, необхідність та зміст вітчизняного банківського регулювання. Проаналізовано зміну основних показників (доходи, витрати, результати банківської діяльності, активи, пасиви) ефективності банківської діяльності в Україні за останні роки. Встановлено, що суттєве підвищення прибутковості діяльності банківського сектору України у 2018 році стало можливим завдяки, насамперед, зменшенню внесків у резерви при постійному зростанні процентних та комісійних доходів. Виділено фактори стимулювання (активна підтримка державою банків в рамках реалізації різних спільних проектів, розвиток інформаційних технологій та ін.) та стримування (недосконала законодавча і нормативна база, недовіра населення до банків, нерозвиненість банківської інфраструктури та ін.)розвитку банківської діяльності в Україні. ; The article is devoted to theoretical and practical bases of state regulation of banking activity are investigated, as effective system of state management of banking activity is the basis for normal functioning and development of national economy. The main directions of influence on the banking activity of the regulator and the economic content of banking regulation are determined. It has been determined that banking regulation is a system of measures whereby a central bank or other supervisory authority guarantees the stable, safe functioning of banks, prevents destabilizing processes in the banking sector. Attention is drawn to the fact that the development of an effective bank credit management system, as well as the proper organization of bank lending, ensures the financial stability and reliability of commercial banks.The change of the main indicators of the efficiency of banking activity in Ukraine in recent years, in particular, income, expenses, assets, liabilities, results of banking activity is analyzed. It is established that a significant increase in the profitability of the banking system of Ukraine in 2018 was made possible by reducing contributions to reserves with a steady increase in interest and commission income. The increase in banking sector profits was facilitated by a fall in interest rates on deposits by citizens throughout most of 2018 and a significant decrease in the volume of reserves formation, which demonstrates the work done by banks to adequately assess assets and the corresponding formation of reserves in previous years. Today, for the banks of Ukraine, an important task is to ensure their stable development in order to achieve the highest financial results, as well as to increase competitiveness in the domestic and foreign financial markets, and to strengthen the interaction of banks with the real sector of the Ukrainian economy. The main factors of stimulation (active support by the state of banks in the framework of implementation of various joint projects, development of information technologies, etc.) and deterrence (imperfect legislative and regulatory framework, uneven conditions of competition, mistrust of banks, etc.) are highlighted.

The concept of sustainable development is now recognized by all UN countries as one of the priorities of humanity, with a transition to national and global levels.The term "sustainable development" is increasingly used by the business community, used in corporate publications, and is featured in official political and economic documents of various levels. In recent decades, the most influential international organizations have prioritized sustainable development.The article generalizes theoretical provisions on the essence of the concept of "sustainable development", including in view of differences in the perception of socio-economic processes in different countries, the possibility of translation of the term.The evolutionary path of development of the concept of sustainable development is investigated. The substantive filling of stages of evolution of the concept is revealed. The interpretation of the conceptual components of "sustainable development" is presented and the characteristics of approaches and theories to understanding the meaning of the definition are highlighted.The concept of sustainable development involves the identification of three approaches: economic, social and environmental, reflecting their particular importance, the existence of interconnections and interdependencies, while ignoring at least one of them can undermine the overall stability of the system.The economic approach in the concept of sustainable development is based on the need for rational use of scarce resources at the disposal of society and the use of environmentally friendly methods of production and technology. An important aspect of social stability is the fair distribution of goods. The environmental component is intended to ensure the integrity of physical and biological natural systems in the process of their interaction with economic and social systems.These sustainable development components reflect a single value creation process and characterize individual aspects of human activity that reflect a single value creation process. The necessity of rational use of limited resources at the disposal of society and the use of environmentally friendly methods of production and technologies are pointed out. The importance of a clear understanding of the mechanisms of interaction between environmental, social and economic components of the concept that serve as a means of achieving development goals is determined. ; У статті узагальнено теоретичні положення щодо суті поняття «сталий розвиток», у тому числі з огляду на відмінності в сприйнятті соціально-економічних процесів у різних країнах, варіантність перекладу терміну. Представлено тлумачення концептуальних складових «сталий розвиток». Виокремлено характеристики підходів та теорій до розуміння змісту дефініції. Досліджено еволюційний шлях розвитку концепції сталого розвитку. Представлено змістовне наповнення етапів еволюції концепції. Виділено взаємозв'язані та взаємозалежні підходи концепції сталого розвитку, які забезпечують загальну стійкість системи та розкрито їх зміст Вказано на необхідність раціонального використання обмежених ресурсів, що є в розпорядженні суспільства, і застосування природозберігаючих способів виробництва і технологій. Визначена важливість чіткого розуміння механізмів взаємодії екологічної, соціальної та економічної складових концепції.

The main normative documents regulating the accounting of costs and output of livestock breeding products, and in particular the dairy cattle industry, are considered. Documentation of production costs in the industry in terms of cost items (labour costs, benefits-related deductions, contributions for feeds, fuel and lubricants, animal welfare, work and services, costs of non-current assets repair, other costs of maintaining fixed assets, other costs, non-productive costs, general production costs) is studied; the order of costs accounting of dairy breeding production in the context of cost items is determined; a variety of dairy breeding products, their documentation and accounting are examined; the methodology of calculating the cost of dairy breeding products is considered; the example of calculation of the cost of production of the main dairy cattle herd, in particular 1 head of litter and 1 quintal of milk, which determines the value of the research for its practical use, is given.The generalization of recommendations for the use of the latest costs accounting and costing methods is of great importance. The main one is the direct costing method, which involves grouping costs into constant and variable ones. The cost of products of the industry according to this method is calculated only on the basis of variable costs, while constant costs are aimed to reduce the financial results of the accounting period. At the same time, the variable costing system makes it possible to determine the marginal revenue that is widely used for analyzing the profitability of an enterprise and for making management decisions. ; У статті обґрунтовано теоретико-методологічні підходи стосовно змістового наповнення поняття «витрати» й особливостей формування їх термінологічної сутності, що має практичну цінність у процесі калькулювання собівартості продукції молочного скотарства. Узагальнено аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій, що висвітлюють відповідну проблематику й підходи її вирішення. Досліджено документування та порядок облікового відображення витрат виробництва молочного скотарства у розрізі статей витрат; досліджено різновид сільськогосподарської продукції галузі, її документування та облікове відображення; розкрито методику калькулювання собівартості продукції молочного скотарства, що надає цінності проведених досліджень задля практичного їх використання; узагальнено рекомендації щодо використання новітніх методів обліку витрат та методів калькулювання собівартості продукції.The article summarizes the analysis of the latest research and publications dealing with relevant problems and approaches to solving them. Theoretical and methodological approaches to the meaning of the notion "costs", which is defined by the current legislation as a decrease of economic benefits in the form of disposal of assets or an increase of liabilities that lead to a decrease in equity (except for the reduction of capital due to its withdrawal or distribution by owners), are substantiated.

When modernity defines society with "order", "stability" and "steadiness", the political has become trapped in fixed boundaries. Western political thought, along with metaphysics of order, describes the political with narrative of the truth. Within this approach, the relation with the Other is constituted dichotomously. Anthropology whose object is the Other, stands within that dichotomy between state and stateless society. Thus, with the disenchantment of narrative of Truth, anthropology also obtains the possibility of speaking for the political. Resistance is the state of acting situated before such political truth which can be described as metaphysics of order. When resistance presents a movement, transformation and disorder, it challenges the steadiness produced by institutionalized power regarding the society. This challenge necessitates an alternative interpratation of resistance as a ground to re-describe the political. This study proposes the concept of liminality as an alternative theoretical framework in which the relationship between the political event and the metaphysics of order can be revised. The concept of liminality which also makes it possible to talk about the politics of disorder, makes it possible to reconsider resistance as an expression of transition. In this respect, resistance refers to a transition ritual as well as to the moment at the threshold. On the basis of liminality, resistance does not assume either attaining with to come, nor the stability and steadiness. On the contrary, when it is read in the focus of the liminality, resistance refers to the existence of the political event as a threshold, an unstructured moment. ; Modernitenin, toplumu 'düzen', 'istikrar', 'sabitlik' üzerinden tanımladığı yerde, siyasal olan belirli sınırlılıklar içine hapsedilir. Batı'nın siyasal düşüncesi, düzen metafiziği ile birlikte siyasal olanı bir hakikat anlatısı içerisinde tarif etmektedir. Ötekiyle kurulan ilişki, böylesi bir yaklaşımla dikotomik olarak kurulur. Nesnesi Öteki olan antropoloji devletli ve devletsiz toplumlar arasında kurulan bu dikotomik ilişkinin içerisinde konumlanmış, bu sayede, hakikat anlatısının büyübozumu ile siyasal olandan bahsedebilme imkanına ulaşmıştır. Direniş, düzen metafiziği olarak ifade edilebilecek bu siyasal hakikatin tam karşısında konumlanan bir eylemlilik halidir. Hareketi, değişimi, düzensizliği temsil ettiği her anda direniş, kurumsallaşmış iktidarın topluma dair ürettiği sabitliğe meydan okur. Bu meydan okuma, siyasal olanı yeniden tarif edebilme zemini olarak direnişin alternatif bir yorumunu gerektirir. Bu çalışma sınırdalık kavramını, siyasal olay ile düzen metafiziği arasındaki ilişkinin yeniden gözden geçirilebileceği alternatif bir teorik çerçeve olarak öne sürmektedir. Düzensizliğin siyasallığından bahsedebilmeyi de mümkün kılan sınırdalık kavramı, direnişi bir geçiş ifadesi olarak yeniden ele almayı mümkün kılar. Bu açıdan direniş, bir geçiş ritüeline işaret ettiği gibi, eşikte olan anı da çağrıştırır. Sınırdalık üzerinden ele alındığında direniş ne gelecek olana kavuşmayı ne de sabitliği ve istikrarı varsayar. Aksine sınırdalık merkezinde okunduğunda direniş, siyasal olayın arada, eşikte, yapısız bir anda mevcut oluşunu ifade eder.