Climate Finance: Regulatory and Funding Strategies for Climate Change and Global Development

Abstract

Climate Finance -- Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Foreword: NYU Abu Dhabi and the Sustainable Environment -- Summary of Key Findings and Recommendations -- About the Contributors -- Part I. Climate Change and Mitigation: Overview and Key Themes -- 1. Climate Finance for Limiting Emissions and Promoting Green Development: Mechanisms, Regulation, and Governance -- 2. Understanding the Causes and Implications of Climate Change -- 3. T e Climate Financing Problem: Funds Needed for Global Climate Change Mitigation Vastly Exceed Funds Currently Available -- 4. The Future of Climate Governance: Creating a More Flexible Architecture -- Part II. Proposals for Climate Finance: Regulatory and Market Mechanisms and Incentives -- A. Trading or Taxes? -- 5. Cap-and-Trade Is Preferable to a Carbon Tax -- B. Reforming the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM ) -- 6. Expectations and Reality of the Clean Development Mechanism: A Climate Finance Instrument between Accusation and Aspirations -- C. Sectoral Programs for Emissions Control and Crediting -- 7. Why a Successful Climate Change Agreement Needs Sectoral Elements -- 8. Sectoral Crediting: Getting the Incentives Right for Private Investors -- 9. Forest and Land Use Programs Must Be Given Financial Credit in Any Climate Change Agreement -- 10. Stock-and-Flow Mechanisms to Reduce Land Use, Land Use Change, and Forestry Emissions: A Proposal from Brazil -- D. Leveraging Trading to Maximize Climate Benefits -- 11. Mitigating Climate Change at Manageable Cost: Th e Catalyst Proposal -- 12. Engaging Developing Countries by Incentivizing Early Action -- E. Linking Trading Systems -- 13. Carbon Market Design: Beyond the EU Emissions Trading Scheme -- F. Investor Perspectives -- 14. Incentivizing Private Investment in Climate Change Mitigation -- 15. Investment Opportunities and Catalysts: Analysis and Proposals from the Climate Finance Industry on Funding Climate Mitigation -- Part III. Bringing Developed and Developing Countries Together in Climate Finance Bargains: Trust, Governance, and Mutual Conditionality -- A. Meeting Developing Country Climate Finance Priorities -- 16. Developing Country Concerns about Climate Finance Proposals: Priorities, Trust, and the Credible Donor Problem -- 17. Developing Countries and a Proposal for Architecture and Governance of a Reformed UNFCCC Financial Mechanism -- 18. Climate Change and Development: A Bottom-Up Approach to Mitigation for Developing Countries? -- 19. Operationalizing a Bottom-Up Regime: Registering and Crediting NAMAs -- B. Conditionality and Its Governance -- 20. From Coercive Conditionality to Agreed Conditions: The Only Future for Future Climate Finance -- 21. Getting Climate-Related Conditionality Right -- 22. Making Climate Financing Work: What Might Climate Change Experts Learn from the Experience of Development Assistance? -- Part IV. National Policies: Implications for the Future Global Climate Finance Regime -- 23. Climate Legislation in the United States: Potential Framework and Prospects for International Carbon Finance -- 24. The EU ETS: Experience to Date and Lessons for the Future -- 25. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Mitigation Measures in China -- 26. Cities and GHG Emissions Reductions: An Opportunity We Cannot Afford to Miss -- 27. A Prototype for Strategy Change in Oil-Exporting MENA States? The Masdar Initiative in Abu Dhabi -- Part V. Climate Finance and World Trade Organization (WTO) Law and Policy -- 28. The WTO and Climate Finance: Overview of the Key Issue -- 29. Carbon Trading and the CDM in WTO Law -- 30. Countervailing Duties and Subsidies for Climate Mitigation: What Is, and What Is Not, WTO-Compatible? -- 31. Border Climate Adjustment as Climate Policy -- 32. Enforcing Climate Rules with Trade Measures: Five Recommendations for Trade Policy Monitoring -- 33. Carbon Footprint Labeling in Climate Finance: Governance and Trade Challenges of Calculating Products' Carbon Content -- Part VI. Taxation of Carbon Markets -- 34. Fiscal Considerations in Curbing Climate Change -- 35. Tax and Efficiency under Global Cap-and-Trade -- 36. Tax Consequences of Carbon Cap-and-Trade Schemes: Free Permits and Auctioned Permits -- Afterword: Reflections on a Path to Effective Climate Change Mitigation -- Abbreviations -- Index