Education policies in the 21st century: comparative perspectives

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Political Actors and Education Policy -- The Transformation of the Nation-States and Education -- Transformation of the Nation-State -- From Modernism to Postmodernism -- From Nationalism to Multiculturalism -- From Unity to Multi-Centrality -- The Nation-State and Its Aftermath -- Education is the Substance of Society -- Education Teaches One How to Live in a City -- Employment Through Education -- The Transition Stages to the Post-Nation-State Period -- Stage of Nationalization -- Stage of the Nation-State -- The Stage of the Open Society -- Stage of Connectivity -- Effects of the Post-Nation-State Period on Education -- Initiatives Taken to Transform Education in the Post-Nation-State Period -- Reform of the Whole System -- Curriculum -- Teacher Qualifications -- School Autonomy -- Educational Environments -- Educational Outputs -- Lifelong Learning -- Conclusion -- References -- When Models Become Monopolies: The Making of Education Policy at the World Bank -- Background: The Dilemma of Manpower Planning -- How the World Bank Makes Education Policy -- Act Two: The Acquisition of George Psacharopoulos -- Act Three: The Monopoly of Rate-of-Return Evidence -- Act Four: The Struggle Over Higher Education Policy -- The Final Act: The Bank Rights Itself -- Implications -- Has the Bank Learned a Lesson: A Brief Commentary on the Education Paper of 2011 -- Has the Bank Learned a Lesson? A Brief Comment on the World Development Report 20183 -- References -- Comparing Educational Reforms in Turkey and Brazil Through Prospects for the Twenty-First Century -- Educational Reform and Development Nexus -- Educational Systems in Turkey and Brazil -- Historical Background of Educational Reforms -- Educational Reform in Contemporary Turkey and Brazil -- Conclusion.

This open access book explores the agenda of education policies in the 21st century. In the first part of the book, education is handled from a historical and political framework, and the effects of the change of states and policies on education are examined. In the second part, the effects of changes in the economy on education policies and economies' demands from educational institutions are examined. In the last section, current policies in the international education sector, which is growing day by day as a result of increasing globalization and internationalization, are examined and future trends are tried to be revealed. In articles written by academics from different universities all over the world, the topics are presented in a comparative perspective.