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Most psychological contract research examines single-agency situations in which a breach only affects one firm. In a multiple-agency relationship, however, the individual performs work that simultaneously satisfies the requirements of two firms, allowing for the possibility that breach outcomes extend across both the breaching and the nonbreaching firms. We theorize two mechanisms through which breach outcomes extend across organizational boundaries. First, we propose spillover effects for feelings of violation and for organizational citizenship behaviors from the breaching firm to the nonbreaching firm. Second, we propose that, in cases where the individual expects the nonbreaching firm to intervene and rectify the other firm's breach as part of a regulatory obligation, there are direct and moderating effects of meeting (or failing to meet) these perceived obligations. Using professional service firms as the empirical context, we find evidence of breach outcome spillover between the two firms in the multiagency relationship and direct and moderating effects of unmet obligations to intervene by the nonbreaching firm. We also find some key differences in the nomological networks depending on whether the breaching firm was the consulting firm or the client firm. These insights highlight the importance of extending psychological contract study to multiple-agency relationships.

The development of rehabilitation relationships with persons with mental illness is a topic that has had limited attention in psychiatric rehabilitation literature. This research presents findings from in-depth interviews that were conducted with 10 psychiatric rehabilitation workers in Israel. Six of them were social workers, two were psychologists, and two were occupational therapists. Eight central components that characterize the development of rehabilitation relationships have been highlighted. These components indicate that the rehabilitation relationship is unconventional and differs in many ways from traditional therapeutic relationships. In addition, the challenge of coping with the conflicts and dilemmas which professionals encounter during the implementation of these components has been emphasized. The findings illuminate the need to develop a knowledge base that would prepare rehabilitation workers to cope with these difficulties and provide suitable professional training and supervision.

PurposeThe recruitment of international nurses has been used for a long time to address the global nurse shortage. In 2012, the employment of international nurses was released in Turkey. Cultural differences can hinder interpersonal relationships, and fostering strong interpersonal relationships among nurses in the workplace is known to have a positive impact on productivity, job satisfaction and the quality of care provided. This study aims to explore the lived experiences and perceptions of international nurses working in Turkey regarding their professional integration and interpersonal relationships in the workplace.Design/methodology/approachIt is a qualitative descriptive study. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 19 international nurses using a semi-structured form. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.FindingsData were presented into two themes: (1) Interpersonal relationships in the workplace and (2) Professional integration. Participants reported positive and negative experiences regarding interpersonal relationships in the work environment, such as warm and supportive approaches, or exclusionary and discriminatory behaviors. The existence of different nursing practices, positive and negative factors concerning orientation programs and the gain of experience and professional satisfaction were mentioned by the participants.Originality/valueThis is the first study to explore the lived experiences and perceptions of international nurses working in Turkey. The study highlights the unique needs and challenges faced by international nurses during workplace adaptation and provides practical recommendations to facilitate interpersonal relationships in the workplace and other aspects related to professional integration from hiring to the end of the adaptation period.

Based on new comparative and analytical frameworks, this book provides a comprehensive and transnational account of major structural developments that are changing the traditional features of the academic profession. It examines the wider changes in higher education such as new governance models, massification and marketization, identity formation, internationalization and globalization, as well as new forms of knowledge production and their effects on academic life. This collection analyses the effects these changes will have on academic careers, and on employment relationships and academic labour markets in Europe and America. Contents: Enders, Jürgen/Weert, Egbert de: Introduction. - PART I. Modernisation Processes and the Academic Profession (Neave, Guy: The Academic Estate Revisited. Reflections on Academia's Rapid Progress from the Capitoline Hill to the Tarpeian Rock. - Enders, Jürgen/Boer, Harry de/Leisyte, Liudvika: New Public Management and the Academic Profession: the Rationalisation of Academic Work Revisted. - Scott, Peter: Markets and New Modes of Knowledge Production. - Henkel, Mary: Policy Change and the Challenge to Academic Identities. - Marginson, Simon: The Academic Professions in the Global Era). - PART II. Academic Profession and the Academic Workplace (Musselin, Christine: Profession, Market and Organisation. How is Academia Regulated? - Weert, Egbert de: The Organised Contradictions of Teaching and Research. Reshaping the Academic Profession. - Kehm, Barbara M. Doctoral Education. Pressures for Change and Modernisation. - Fairweather, James: Work Allocation and Rewards in Shaping Academic Work). - PART III. Changing Employment Relations in Higher Education (Farnham, David: Employment Relations in Europe. a Comparative and Critical Review. - Finkelstein, Martin J./Galaz-Fontes, Jesus F./Scott Metcalfe, Amy: Changing Employment Relationships in North America. Academic Work in the United States, Canada and Mexico). - PART IV. Conclusion (Enders, Jürgen/Weert, Egbert de: Towards a T-shaped Profession. Academic Work and Career in the Knowledge Society) (HoF/text adopted)

Activity #8 -- Cultural InventoryChapter Six: Ask, don't assume; Activity #9 -- Question Your Assumptions; Chapter Seven: Listen, don't judge; Activity #10 -- Listening Lunch; Conclusion; Activity Guide; Notes; Acknowledgments; Index; A; B; C; D; E; F; G; H; I; J; K; L; M; N; O; P; Q; R; S; T; U; V; W; X; About the Authors

AbstractThis study investigates how people weight potential relationship partners' personal characteristics (i.e., warmth and competence) when deciding to initiate professional versus personal network relationships, and it also examines how certain personality traits (extraversion and conscientiousness) shape this process. Results from two samples indicate that people tend to value competence more highly when initiating professional relationships, whereas they tend to value warmth more highly when initiating personal relationships. Furthermore, neither extraversion nor conscientiousness was related to how people weighted competence when initiating professional relationships. However, supplementary analyses demonstrated that people high in conscientiousness tend to value competence and people high in agreeableness tend to value warmth in their network relationship partners, regardless of whether they are initiating a professional or personal relationship.

Purpose
In this world of global interconnectedness, women continue to develop cross-cultural careers and their experiences impact global scholarship and practice. The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationships, resources and characteristics that support female expatriate success, with specific focus on the role of mentor/coach relationships. The sample included 102 women from the USA, Canada, Australia and the UK working or formerly working in Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau or Taiwan.


Design/methodology/approach
This three phase sequential mixed-methods exploratory research study included 10 one-on-one semi-structured interviews, 102 survey respondents and 3 facilitated focus groups attended by nine professional women.


Findings
This research offers evidence that resiliency-based characteristics must be cultivated and developed to support expatriate cross-cultural success. These characteristics can be cultivated through relying on multiple relationships, such as mentors, coaches, host country liaisons, expatriate colleagues, friends and family as well as by supporting and mentoring others. These characteristics can also be developed through specific cultural experiences, knowledge and skill building resources, as well as developing an informed view of self and identity clarity through reflective activities.


Originality/value
Based on the overall findings, a cross-cultural professional success model was designed and implications for scholarship, organizational effectiveness and cross-cultural leadership practice are presented.

"'Professions' are work collaborations in which representatives of certain vocations address the life problems of 'laypersons'. In such relationships, adequate communication between representatives of the profession and laypersons is crucial in addressing their individual problems. Accordingly, 'understanding', as well as interactional documentation of this understanding, is of considerable importance. The authors of the present volume, 'Understanding in Professional Spheres of Activity', address the documentation of this understanding in certain professional spheres. They examine the requirements for the documentation of such understanding and the forms of documentation used in the fields of doctor-patient communication, counseling communication, and organizational collaboration on a movie set. Conversation analytic as well as ethnographically complemented studies draw further attention to an examination of the interactional level in its socio-structural context, and to that end the study employs a combination of conversational linguistics and sociological research. This contribution is therefore important not only in terms of linguistics but also sociologically." (author's abstract)

The Polish political and media systems changed dramatically after the 2015 parliamentary elections. The Law and Justice Party gained power and started to restructure the conditions for political communication – journalists, press secretaries and politicians. However, despite structural and organisational changes within public service media, journalists keep working and reporting about political events. This chapter presents the relationships between Polish journalists and their political sources – both politicians and press secretaries. The interviews show a mutual dependency between politics and the press, where both sides recognise the need for formal as well as informal relationships. The nature of the relationship varies with the political climate: when the political situation becomes complicated, politicians become less accessible and press secretaries block the information flow. As a result, journalists in Poland prefer direct contact with politicians and/or other complementary sources of information. The respondents further emphasised the need for a professional relationship and adhering to professional norms. ; Go to the full book to find a version of this chapter tagged for accessibility.

Young informal carers (YICs) are non-professional young individuals providing care and support in various forms, usually to immediate family members, afflicted from a diverse range of both long- and short-term health conditions. Although there is significant knowledge about the information needs of adult carers in general, information needs and information seeking characteristics of the YICs community is understudied and are different. This study aims to identify the information needs of young informal carers communicated over the internet and understanding their information seeking characteristics through a three-stage qualitative content analysis of posts written by YICs on two notable internet forums. The analysis of 323 posts dated between March 2010 and April 2019 finds YICs needs are categorised by two types of online expression of needs, situational and information. Situational needs are illustrations of current difficult conditions and information needs are direct requests for information. Under situational and information needs, we identify four types of needs expressed: personal and professional growth, health (self and caree), finance and relationships. Additionally, the findings indicate 94.36% posts in the sample as situational needs, which depict the uncertainty experienced by YICs under caring circumstances. The findings can assist government organisations and charities by improving the indexing of advice pages of their websites appropriate to the young informal carers' search words, better availability of information and advertising, in addition to building quality mobile applications or digital support tools.