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This study assesses the social, political, economic, and traffic-/travel-related predictors of sworn highway patrol and state police strength in the United States between 1981 and 2015. Fixed-effects estimates based on analyses of 1,635 state-years indicate that theoretical accounts centered on racial threat theory, partisan politics, and gendered politics in part explain variation in this outcome. Findings suggest that changes in population density, the tax base, the percentage of the population without a high school degree, violent crime rates, and spending on social welfare at the state level, as well as shifts in local law enforcement strength, also influence state police and patrol organization strength over this period. Surprisingly, fluctuations in the number of state traffic fatalities per million vehicle miles traveled and the number of driver's licenses per 100,000 state population—two seemingly important traffic-/travel-related factors—have no impact on the rate of state police and patrol officers per 100,000 population.

Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Franckfurt am Mayn, Gedruckt und zu finden bey Anton Heinscheidt. - Erscheinungsjahr nach den im Text erwähnten Ereignissen ermittelt

Public finance theory dictates that intergovernmental transfers should help alleviate horizontal fiscal imbalances among local jurisdictions. The amount of intergovernmental fiscal transfers should be inversely related to each local jurisdiction's revenue-generating capacity. However, intense politicking in many countries turns an intergovernmental fiscal transfer system into a battle of local and particularistic interests. This article illustrates a disjuncture between the theory and practice of intergovernmental equalization transfers with the quantitative and qualitative evidence from 226 local administrative organizations in Khon Kaen province in northeastern Thailand. Findings indicate that Thailand's current intergovernmental fiscal transfer system is not oriented toward achieving local horizontal equity. In Khon Kaen, local administrative organizations with high fiscal capacity tend to receive more equalization grants than financially disadvantaged jurisdictions. In-depth interviews with selected local government officials in Khon Kaen reveal inconsistency and heavy politicization of the country's intergovernmental fiscal transfer system.

THE AUTHOR EXAMINES THE STATUS OF ETHNIC RUSSIANS IN CONTEMPORARY UKRAINE AND ATTEMPTS TO UNDERSTAND THE ETHNIC POLITICS AT PLAY. HIS ESSAY IS DIVIDED INTO THREE SECTIONS: THE FIRST OUTLINES THE THEORETICAL MOTIVATIONS BEHIND HIS STUDY, PRESENTING TWO APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING INTER-ETHNIC RELATIONS AND CONSIDERING THEIR LIKELY EFFECT UPON THE BEHAVIOR OF ETHNIC MINORITIES DURING STATE TRANSITION; THE SECOND DISCUSSES THREE SPECIFIC CASES AND PROVIDES AN ANALYSIS OF THE AUTHOR'S PRELIMINARY FINDINGS; A FINAL SECTION OFFERS SOME BRIEF CONCLUSIONS.