Qatar has only recently emerged as a player in the foreign policy arena. The first sign of what has become a highly distinctive role was the establishment of Al Jazeera, which has changed for ever the way that news media are seen across the Arab world. Qatar then successfully mediated in several conflicts in the region, before playing an active role in the aftermath of the Arab Spring and taking a lead on Libya. Syria poses more of a problem. But Qatar, as a small, rich country in an unpredictable region, now enjoys a high level of global recognition as an independent state. (Asian Aff/GIGA)
Britain has been a significant voice in global politics in the last two decades and its impact on world events far outweighs its material resources. But how does a small island on the edge of Europe continue to exercise this level of power on an international scale? What kind of actor is Britain internationally? And what future challenges will confront British foreign policymakers in a multi-polar world of emerging powers?In this comprehensive introduction to British foreign policy today Jamie Gaskarth addresses these and other key questions. Against a rich historical backdr.
India is an ancient civilization with a multiethnic, multireligious and multilingual society. Freedom of thought and expression, democracy, nonviolence and tolerance form an integral part of Indian ethos. Since times immemorial these values have played an important role in the evolution of Indian civilization. As a result, India was able to absorb and assimilate alien cultures, religions and ideas, still retaining its distinctive identity. Because of this immense process of assimilation and absorption, Indian society is popularly called an 'Indian Mosaic'. Today almost all possible religious, ethnic and cultural groups co-exist in India peacefully, making India the most pluralistic society in the world. Seventh largest in size, the country is home to over onesixth of humanity. In recent times India has been one of the fastest growing economies and in terms of purchasing power parity has been ranked as the fourth largest economic powerhouse in the world. Though pursuit of national interest remains the single most important guiding factor in determining a country's foreign policy; national history, ethos and international realities are important factors impacting foreign policy imperatives. Therefore, at the very outset, I would like to briefly summarize the ancient Indian thoughts which have bearing on India's foreign policy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjia.v0i12.90 Mongolian Journal of International Affairs No.12 2005: 8-20
Intro -- U.S. FOREIGN POLICY: BACKGROUND AND ISSUES -- U.S. FOREIGN POLICY: BACKGROUND AND ISSUES -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 FOREIGN OREIGN AID REFORM , NATIONAL STRATEGY , AND THE QUADRENNIAL REVIEW -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- INTEREST IN ELEVATING DIPLOMACY AND DEVELOPMENT -- Issues and Actions during the George W. Bush Administration -- Issues and Actions during the Obama Administration -- NATIONAL STRATEGY -- LEGISLATION ON FOREIGN AID REFORM -- THE QUADRENNIAL REVIEW -- Congressional Action -- Executive Branch Action -- QDDR Structure -- Timing of Report -- Initial Concerns -- THE PRESIDENTIAL STUDY DIRECTIVE ON U.S. GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY -- CONCLUSION -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 FOREIGN OREIGN AID : INTERNATIONAL DONOR COORDINATION DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- OVERVIEW OF OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE -- WHY COORDINATE? -- INTERNATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR DONOR COORDINATION -- Rome High Level Forum on Donor Harmonization -- Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness -- Accra Agenda for Action -- IMPLEMENTING DONOR COORDINATION -- Global Mechanisms -- Use of Multilateral Organizations -- Joint Assistance Strategies -- Data Sharing -- EXAMPLE: SECTOR BASED COORDINATION-HIV/AIDS -- U.S.-Specific Mechanisms for Donor Coordination -- USAID Guidance -- USAID Coordination Officers -- MCC and OGAC -- COORDINATION CHALLENGES -- Division of Labor -- Concerns about Direct Budget Support and Funding Pools -- Agency and Personnel Incentives -- Lack of Inter-agency Coordination -- Coordination Costs -- Conflicting Strategic Interests -- Working with Private and Emerging Donors -- APPENDIX. ODA DONORS AND PRIVATE FOUNDATIONS THAT PROVIDE ASSISTANCE TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES -- End Notes -- Chapter 3 AFRICA: U.S. FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ISSUES -- SUMMARY -- U.S. AID TO AFRICA: AN OVERVIEW -- BACKGROUND -- U.S. Assistance Programs
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Who decides what in Moscow? The answer is not always "Vladimir Putin". However, when explaining Russia's foreign policy, the consolidation of Putin's autocratic tendencies and his apparent stability despite many economic and political challenges have contributed – at least in the West – to an excessive "Putin-centrism" and the relative neglect of other agents of domestic politics. As a result, many facets of the country's foreign policy decisions are misunderstood or shrouded under a thin veil of vagueness and secrecy. This Report attempts to fill this gap, exploring the evolving distribution of political and economic power under the surface of Putin's leadership to assess the influence of different "lobbies" on Russia's foreign policy. All of the contributions in the volume underline the complexity of Russia's decision-making process beneath the surface of a monolithic and increasingly personalistic government.
This article examines the characteristics of individual members of Congress who become "foreign policy entrepreneurs." Rather than simply responding to an administration's foreign policy requests, such legislators try to lead Congress by initiating action on the foreign policy issues they care about rather than awaiting administration action. This study examines foreign policy entrepreneurs across a number of factors, including the parties to which they belong, the chambers in which they serve, the various legislative access points they employ, and the different legislative tactics they use. Also examined are the changes in such patterns over time. We test hypotheses about the characteristics and behavior of entrepreneurs using a data set of 2,621 instances of entrepreneurial behavior across the post‐World War II period. We conclude that congressional foreign policy entrepreneurs are increasingly salient players in the foreign policy process and are driven by policy disagreements and partisan calculations.
