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During the 1980s, millions of ordinary individuals around the world mobilized in support of nuclear disarmament. Although U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev were not part of these grassroots movements, they too wanted to eliminate nuclear weapons. Nuclear abolitionism was a diverse and global phenomenon. In this book, Stephanie L. Freeman draws on newly declassified material from multiple continents to examine nuclear abolitionists' influence on the trajectory of the Cold War's last decade. Freeman reveals that nuclear abolitionism played a significant yet unappreciated role in ending the Cold War. Grassroots and government nuclear abolitionists shifted U.S. and Soviet nuclear arms control paradigms from arms limitation to arms reduction. This paved the way for the reversal of the U.S.-Soviet nuclear arms race, which began with the landmark 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty. European peace activists also influenced Gorbachev's "common European home" initiative and support for freedom of choice in Europe, which prevented the Soviet leader from intervening to stop the 1989 East European revolutions. These revolutions ripped the fabric of the Iron Curtain, which had divided Europe for more than four decades. Despite their inability to eliminate nuclear weapons, grassroots and government nuclear abolitionists deserve credit for playing a pivotal role in the Cold War's endgame. They also provide a model for enacting dramatic, positive change in a peaceful manner.

Chapter 1. The Bark as a Bioindicator of Atmospheric Contamination by Heavy Metals According to Vehicular Traffic Intensity in El Tambo, Huancayo, Peru -- Chapter 2. Nipa Sap (Nypa Fruitican) as Supplementary Feedstock for Bioethanol Production in the Philippines: The Pamplona Experience -- Chapter 3. Optimization of Fuel Cell Power Systems using Biogas from Palm Oil Mill Plant -- Chapter 4. Identification of Community-Level Sustainability Indicators: A Climate Change and Risk Management Perspective -- Chapter 5. Study of extreme precipitations in corn culture in Chupaca, Junín - Perú 2009 – 2019 -- Chapter 6. Spatiotemporal Mapping of Agroforestry Degradation of Five Districts of Uttarakhand, India with Spectral Indices -- Chapter 7. Wood as a Catalyst for Construction and Architecture that facilitates the creation of sustainable and resilient communities. The case of the Palafitos de Chiloé, Chile -- Chapter 8. Identifying the most significant factors affecting urban housing sustainability and their scales/sectors of influence: a systematic review of the recent literature -- Chapter 9. Academic Study of Tourists' Pro-Environmental Behaviour: A Literature Review -- Chapter 10. Green Building Design as a mechanism to strengthen resilient and sustainable communities. The case of the churches and the palafitos, Chiloé Chile -- Chapter 11. Analysis of the Vicugna pacos (alpaca) wool fiber in the properties of concrete -- Chapter 12. Assessment of Bridge Damage Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process -- Chapter 13. Hill-Patch system as a strategic management model to activate and conserve urban axes: The case of the San Bernardo Green Corridor, Santiago, Chile.

'Order and Rivalry' traces the formation and development of multilateral trade structures in the aftermath of the First World War in response to the marginalization of Europe in global markets, the use of private commerce as a tool of military power and the collapse of empires in Central and Eastern Europe.

Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Relevance of the Topic -- 1.2 Legal Context -- 1.3 Outline -- References -- Chapter 2: What Is Diplomatic Asylum? -- 2.1 What Is Diplomatic Asylum? -- 2.1.1 Right of a State -- 2.1.2 Asylum -- 2.1.3 Diplomatic Asylum -- 2.1.3.1 In a Narrow Sense -- 2.1.3.2 In a Broader Sense -- 2.1.3.3 Safe-Conduct -- 2.1.3.4 Diplomatic Protection -- 2.1.4 Territorial Asylum -- 2.1.5 Political Asylum -- 2.1.6 Using an Embassy as a Mechanism to Achieve Territorial Asylum -- 2.1.7 Collective Shelter -- 2.2 Summary -- References -- Chapter 3: The History of the Practice in the Context of Diplomatic Law -- 3.1 Foundations -- 3.2 Continuation in Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries and Subsequent Fall from Favour -- 3.3 Revival in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries -- 3.3.1 Asylum on Warships -- 3.3.2 Asylum on (Merchant) Ships -- 3.4 Notable Twentieth Century Practice -- 3.4.1 Spain: Diplomatic Asylum in the Context of the Spanish Civil War -- 3.4.2 Argentina -- 3.4.2.1 Juan Domingo Perón -- 3.4.2.2 Rodolfo Puiggrós and His Wife -- 3.4.2.3 Héctor Cmpora -- 3.4.2.4 Juan Abal Medina -- 3.4.2.5 Summary -- 3.4.3 Bolivia -- 3.4.4 Chile -- 3.4.5 Colombia -- 3.4.5.1 Alfonso López Pumarejo and Dr. Carlos Lleras Restrepo -- 3.4.5.2 Gabriel García Mrquez -- 3.4.5.3 Summary -- 3.4.6 Costa Rica -- 3.4.7 Cuba -- 3.4.7.1 Mario G. Menocal, His Nephew, Martín Menocal, and (Pedro) Martínez Fraga -- 3.4.7.2 October 1932 -- 3.4.7.3 Carlos Prío Socarrs -- 3.4.7.4 Manuel Urrutia -- 3.4.7.5 Olga Morgan -- 3.4.7.6 The Mariel Cuban Exodus -- 3.4.7.7 July 1990 -- 3.4.7.8 Arturo Sandoval, His Wife and Son -- 3.4.7.9 Alina Fernndez Revuelta -- 3.4.7.10 Twenty-one Cuban Asylum Seekers -- 3.4.7.11 Summary -- 3.4.8 Guatemala -- 3.4.8.1 Juan José Arévalo Bermejo -- 3.4.8.2 Jacobo Árbenz Guzmn and Family.

Chapter 1. Introduction -- Part I: Designing and Evaluating Complex Development Programs -- Chapter 2. Attributes of Complex Development Programs -- Chapter 3. Designing Complex Development Programs.-Chapter 4. Evaluating Complex Development Programs -- Part II: Evaluation Theory and Assumptions -- Chapter 5. Theory in Evaluation -- Chapter 6. What are Assumptions? -- Chapter 7. Why are Assumptions Important? -- Part III: Explicating Tacit Program Assumptions -- Chapter 8. Normative and Diagnostic Assumptions -- Chapter 9. Prescriptive Assumptions -- Chapter 10. Transformation Assumptions -- Part IV: Working with Assumptions in Program Evaluation -- Chapter 11. Evaluating Assumptions -- Chapter 12. Challenges of Explicating Assumptions

Frontmatter -- Inhaltsverzeichnis -- Vorwort -- Beschlüsse der Kommission -- Generalreferat über die Reform des Strafprozesses, erstattet für die XI. Versammlung der IKV. Gruppe Deutsches Reich -- Einleitung -- I. Die Beteiligung des Laienelements an der Strafrechtspflege und die Berufung -- II. Das Legalitätsprinzip und die Stellung der Staatsanwaltschaft sowie ihrer Hilfsorgane im Strafverfahren -- III. Das Verfahren bis zur Hauptverhandlung -- IV. Die Hauptverhandlung -- I. Organisation der Strafgerichte. Mitwirkung der Laien bei der Strafrechtspflege, Schöffengerichte, Schwurgerichte -- 1. Landgerichtsdirektor Schubert in Königsberg -- 2. Professor* Dr. Wachenfeld in Rostock i. M. -- II. Aufbau der Strafgerichtsbarkeit. Sachliche Zuständigkeit. Gerichtsstand. Ablehnung von Gerichtspersonen -- 1. Oberamtsrichter Dr. Fuhr in Ortenberg i. Hessen -- 2. Staatsanwalt Dr. Honemann in Berlin -- 3. Privatdozent Dr. Graf zu Dohna in Halle a. S. -- III. Legalitätsprinzip und Ausdehnung der Privatklage -- 1. Professor Dr. Mittermaier in Gießen -- 2. Staatsanwalt Dr. Schmidt-Ernsthausen in Elberfeld -- 3. Rechtsanwalt Dr. Thiersch in Leipzig -- IV. Zwangsmittel im Strafverfahren. Beschlagnahme. Durchsuchung. Untersuchungshaft -- 1. Staatsanwalt Dr. Feisenberger in Bochum -- 2. Rechtsanwalt Dr. Siegfried Löwenstein in Berlin -- V. Stellung des Verteidigers im Strafverfahren -- 1. Landgerichtsrat Werner Rosenberg in Straßburg i. E. -- 2. Rechtsanwalt Dr. Hugo Heinemann in Berlin -- VI. Stellung der Staatsanwaltschaft im Strafverfahren, insbesondere im Vorverfahren -- Landgerichtsdirektor Dr. Goebel, Berlin -- VII. Voruntersuchung und Entscheidung über die Eröffnung des Hauptverfahrens -- 1. Landgerichtsdirektor Dr. Albert Weingart in Beutzen -- 2. Geh. Hofrat Prof. Dr. v. Lilienthal in Heidelberg -- VIII. Die Hauptverhandlung -- 1. Geh. Hofrat Prof. Dr. v. Lilienthal in Heidelberg -- 2. Oberlandesgerichtsrat Dr. v. Spindler in Hamm -- IX. Gestaltung des Beweisverfahrens. Zeugen. Sachverständige -- 1. Oberlandesgerichtsrat Oehlert in Zweibrücken -- X. Abgekürztes Verfahren, Strafbefehl, Strafverfügung -- 1. Oberamtsrichter Dr. Levis in Pforzheim -- XI. Gestaltung des Privatklageverfahrens -- 1. Landrichter Dr. Friedländer in Limburg a. L -- 2. Rechtsanwalt Dr. Fuld in Mainz -- XII. Das Strafverfahren gegen Jugendliche -- Amtsgerichtsrat Dr. Köhne in Berlin -- XIII. Rechtsmittel verfahren -- 1. Professor Dr. Rosenfeld in Münster i. W. -- 2. Oberlandesgerichtsrat Cornelius in Breslau -- 3. Landgerichtsdirektor Dr. Karsten in Berlin -- Anhang I. Nachtrag zu dem Aufsatz "Die Hauptverhandlung" -- Anhang II. Das Schwurgerichtsproblem -- Sachregister -- Frontmatter 2 -- Einleitung -- I. Die Beteiligung des Laienelements an der Strafrechtspflege und die Berufung -- II. Das Legalitätsprinzip und die Stellung der Staatsanwaltschaft sowie ihrer Hilfsorgane im Strafverfahren -- III. Das Verfahren bis zur Hauptverhandlung -- IV. Die Hauptverhandlung