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"Some books": p. xi-xii. ; lecture I. German idealism.--lecture II. The development of idealism.--lecture III. Reaction and denial.--lecture IV. The philosophy of militarism.--Index. ; Mode of access: Internet.

"Some books": p. xi-xii. ; lecture I. German idealism.--lecture II. The development of idealism.--lecture III. Reaction and denial.--lecture IV. The philosophy of militarism.--Index. ; Mode of access: Internet.

After 1989 human rights have expanded into a vernacular touching every aspect of social life. They are seen as the key concept in morals and politics and a main tool for forging individual and collective identities. They are the ideology after 'the end of ideologies' - the only values left after 'the end of history'. The response of the left to the rights revolution has been muted and unsure. Classical Marxist critiques of (natural) rights have made the left justly suspicious, and this is still the case today. Elaborating and addressing a series of foundational paradoxes of rights, this book - the third in Costas Douzinas's human rights trilogy, following The End of Human Rights and Human Rights and Empire - provides a long-overdue re-evaluation of the history and political uses of rights for the left. The book examines the history and philosophy of the (legal) person, the subject, the human and dignity from classical Rome to postmodern Brussels. It traces the gradual abandonment of right, virtue and the common good for individual rights and self-interest. The limited and distorted conception of rights of liberal jurisprudence is contrasted with an alternative that sees rights as a relation involved in the struggle for recognition and an everyday utopia. The right to resistance and revolution, prohibited but regularly returning like the repressed, rescues law from sclerosis and presents a case study of the paradoxical nature of rights. Finally, the book offers a brief examination of law's encounter with radical politics informed by the author's strange experience as an 'accidental' politician in the first radical left government in Europe. The book's radical concept of legal philosophy and public law will be of considerable value to legal theorists, political philosophers and anyone with an interest in thinking and acting in ways that go beyond the limits of liberal, and neoliberal, ideology.

"In his book A Philosophy of Gun Violence, Alan Reid offers a novel way to rethink our approach to the gun violence epidemic in America. By focusing on the gun as technology, whose design influences the way we use--and abuse--it, he reveals how we may advance gun safety, and calm our violent culture, in a manner that sidesteps the usual pitfalls of the debate." Firmin Debrabander, Professor of Philosophy, Maryland Institute College of Art, USA". Alan Reid's philosophical meditation on guns anticipates the research from other fields in positing that the mere presence of guns changes human behavior. That fundamental insight is only now finding empirical confirmation, yet it is a testament to Reid's thoughtful, timely, and highly readable analysis that he has arrived at the same conclusion and uses that insight to great effectiveness in this new work. Robert J. Spitzer, Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science Emeritus, SUNY, Cortland, USA This book uses a philosophy of technology to demonstrate that guns are predisposed for an intentional use, making them inherently non-neutral artifacts. This argument rejects the often-cited value neutral thesis and instrumentalist view that "guns don't kill people; people kill people", and instead, explains the lethality of the gun through the lenses of affordance theory, behavioral design, and choice architecture. Ultimately, this book proposes an ethical and value-sensitive model for gun reform, which embodies the perspective of French philosopher Bruno Latour, who said, "You are different with a gun in your hand; the gun is different with you holding it." Alan J. Reid is an Associate Professor of First-Year Writing & Instructional Technologies at Coastal Carolina University where he teaches courses in composition, new media, and graduate writing and research. He is also an Evaluation Analyst in the Center for Research and Reform in Education at Johns Hopkins University and teaches graduate courses in technology and design for the JHU School of Education.

In this article I focus on the concept of habit in Kant's philosophy. First of all, I concentrate on the criticisms he delineates against Gewohnheit in his epistemological and moral philosophy. In particular, habit is seen as absence of moral freedom. This conclusion is pretty different from Kant's position expressed in his Anthropology From the Pragmatic Point of View and in the last part of the Conflict of the Faculties. After a deep insight on the different terms referred to the conceptual field of habit, I focus on the relation between Gewohnheit and desire: in fact, Kant recognized that habit is not the mere repetition of an act, but more precisely it is the desire of repetition. That is why it is not strictly bonded to the deterministic world and it does not refer to machines: only the living beings may have habits. This way, it is possible to understand its role within the theme of health: in the reflections on dietetics, habit is particularly useful. The last part of the article is devoted to the new perspective on Kantian political philosophy opened by this positive view on this concept. ; En este artículo me centro en el concepto de hábito en la filosofía de Kant. En primer lugar, me enfoco en las críticas que él delinea contra Gewohnheit en su filosofía epistemológica y moral. En particular, el hábito es visto como ausencia de libertad moral. Esta conclusión es bastante diferente a la posición expresada por Kant en su Antropología en sentido pragmático y en la última parte de El conflicto de las facultades. Tras profundizar sobre los diferentes términos referidos al campo conceptual del hábito, me concentro en la relación entre Gewohnheit y deseo: de hecho, Kant reconoció que el hábito no es una mera repetición de un acto, sino, más precisamente, es el deseo de repetición. Es por esto que no está estrictamente ligado al mundo determinista y no se refiere a máquinas: solo los seres vivos podrían tener hábitos. De esta forma, es posible comprender su rol en el tema de la salud: en la reflexión sobre dietética, el hábito es particularmente útil. La última parte del artículo está consagrada a la nueva perspectiva en la filosofía política kantiana abierta por esta visión positiva de este concepto.

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Karl Popper: His Philosophy and Science -- 1 Knowledge and Criticism -- 1.1 The Dangers of Dogmatism -- 1.2 Criticism Needs a Boost -- 2 From Demarcation to a New Concept of Reason -- 2.1 Basic Statements -- 2.2 Corroboration -- 3 The Popperian Challenge -- 3.1 Anti-Justificationist Extremism -- 3.2 Scientific Practice -- 3.3 New Concept of Reason -- References -- Physics and Cosmology -- Popper and the Quantum Controversy -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Popper and Quantum Mechanics -- 2.1 Popper's Early Concerns with Quantum Theory (1934) -- 2.2 The Turning Point: From Philosophy to Physics (Ca. 1967-1968) -- 2.3 The Mature View: Popper's Experiment (The 1980s) -- 3 Epilogue: Popper's Legacy in Quantum Physics -- 3.1 Kim and Shih, and the Real Popper Experiment -- 3.2 Popper's Ideas in Contemporary Physics: The Revival of Indeterminism -- References -- Popper's Experiment -- References -- Karl Popper and Modern Cosmology: His Thoughts and Their Impact -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Popper on Cosmology -- 2.1 Einstein's Influence on Popper -- 2.2 Does the Universe Expand? -- 2.3 Finite-Age Cosmological Models -- 2.4 Against the Big Bang -- 3 Cosmologists on Popper -- 3.1 The Steady-State Controversy: Bondi and Popper -- 3.2 Falsifiability in Modern Cosmology -- 3.3 The Multiverse: Physics or Metaphysics? -- 3.4 According to Popper -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- MOND and Methodology -- 1 . -- 2 . -- 3 . -- 4 . -- 5 . -- 6 . -- 7 . -- 8 . -- References -- The Application of Popperian Methodology to Contemporary Cosmology -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Metaphysical Research Programmes -- 2.1 Popper's Use of the Term "Metaphysical" -- 3 Metaphysical Ideas in Contemporary Cosmology -- 3.1 The Cosmological Principle as a Constituent of a MRP -- 3.2 The Standard Model of Cosmology (ΛCDM) as a Metaphysical Research Programme.

For the last two centuries the relationship between philosophy and science have constantly been an issue that provoked vehement quarrels. Positions in theses quarrels are mostly based on a relatively narrow cultural and theoretical horizon. It is rather likely that an uncompromising stance would be represented by an ad­vocate of positivism. Meanwhile an alternative standpoint is not only possible but also quite desirable. The question of self-determination of philosophy cannot be solved by any of the answers about its attitude to science, since the grounds on which such an answer is based (various historical, national and general cul­tural attitudes) are significantly different. The severity and regular recurrence of such disputes are to be taken as symptoms of the fact that some fundamental questions are raised here concerning the nature of both science and philosophy. This means, in particular, that such disputes could never stop, but will constantly serve as an instrument of self-consciousness and self-determination of both phi­losophy and sciences. It is shown that the these disputes are caused by hetero­geneous reaons: a) radicalization of the question of the scientific nature of phi­losophy and the foundations of knowledge in German idealism; b) processes of separation of areas of knowledge, i.e. the separation of science and art; c) in­volvement in science of wider social strata, as well as changes in the organiza­tional forms of science itself. However, the results of these transformations were quite apparent not until the second half of the 19. Century and have been pre­ceded by a long tradition of synonymy between "sciences" and "arts" that is partly reflected in the concept of "artes liberales". Strong identification of phi­losophy with the study of nature in the British tradition gives us another example of a disputed and controversial relation.

chapter INTRODUCTION -- chapter 1 THE NATURE OF THE WORLD -- chapter 2 THE LEGACY OF FREGE AND RUSSELL -- chapter 3 THE GENERAL THEORY OF REPRESENTATION -- chapter 4 SENTENCES AS MODELS -- chapter 5 LOGIC AND COMPOUND SENTENCES -- chapter 6 SOLIPSISM, IDEALISM, AND REALISM -- chapter 7 METAPHYSICS, ETHICS, AND THE LIMITS OF PHILOSOPHY.

The field of management research is commonly regarded as or aspires to be a science discipline. As such, management researchers face similar methodological problems as their counterparts in other science disciplines. There are at least two ways that philosophy is connected with management research: ontological and epistemological. Despite an increasing number of scattered philosophy-based discussions of research methodology, there has not been a book that provides a systematic and more comprehensive treatment of the subject. This book addresses this gap in the market and provides new ideas and arguments for guiding management researchers.

This book is about mental imagery and the important work it does in our mental life. It plays a crucial role in the vast majority of our perceptual episodes. It also helps us understand many of the most puzzling features of perception (like the way it is influenced in a top-down manner and the way different sense modalities interact). But mental imagery also plays a very important role in emotions, action execution, and even in our desires. In sum, there are very few mental phenomena that mental imagery doesn't show up in—in some way or other. The hope is that if we understand what mental imagery is, how it works and how it is related to other mental phenomena, we can make real progress on a number of important questions about the mind. This book aims at an interdisciplinary audience. As it aims to combine philosophy, psychology, and neuroscience to understand mental imagery, I have not presupposed any prior knowledge in any of these disciplines. As a result, readers with no background in any of these disciplines can also follow the arguments.

"This second edition of Historical Dictionary of Hume's Philosophy contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 100 cross-referenced entries covering key terms, as well as brief discussions of Hume's major works and of some of his most important predecessors, contemporaries, and successors"--