In this paper we will discuss the basis of Brazilian educational funding regarding basic education. The FUNDEB, which ends in 2020, enabled the decentralization of basic education by transfering funds according to the number of registrations per school network. This model takes into account the budget capacity of the Federal Government and other federal entities, not an initial floor that allows school units to meet their operating expenses. At this moment, we discuss the design of a new standard, based on a minimum value per student. ; In this paper we will discuss the basis of Brazilian educational funding regarding basic education. The FUNDEB, which ends in 2020, enabled the decentralization of basic education by transfering funds according to the number of registrations per school network. This model takes into account the budget capacity of the Federal Government and other federal entities, not an initial floor that allows school units to meet their operating expenses. At this moment, we discuss the design of a new standard, based on a minimum value per student.
"The Council on Public Higher Education and the State Board of Education have revised the program . " -- Foreword. ; At head of title: Commonwealth of Kentucky. ; Cover title. ; Mode of access: Internet.
Following the publication of the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS), the White Paper on Adult Education set targets for the participation of adults with low levels of literacy and numeracy in VEC provision. These participation targets have been attained. It is not known if the skill levels of the Irish population have changed since 1995 but the publication of the results of the OECD's Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) in October 2013 will provide this information. The Skills Strategy and other Government policy statements relating to activation measures propose that an additional 500,000 individuals within the workforce need to progress by at least one level on the National Framework of Qualifications (NFQ) by 2020. While no new overall strategy for the development of Adult Literacy in Ireland has been devised since the publication of the White Paper in 2000, there have been a number of specific initiatives taken by Government which complement the initial provision framework (Intensive Literacy (ITABE), DEIS Family Literacy, projects focused on the workplace). Blended and distance learning initiatives have also been supported. These issues should inform the development of any new Adult Literacy strategy by SOLAS.
Education flourished in refugee camps but young people repatriating to south Sudan are frustrated by a serious shortage of educational opportunities, particularly in secondary education. Adapted from the source document.
"In this paper, we illustrate a methodology to measure discrimination in educational contexts. In India, we ran an exam competition through which children compete for a large financial prize. We recruited teachers to grade the exams. We then randomly assigned child "characteristics" (age, gender, and caste) to the cover sheets of the exams to ensure that there is no systematic relationship between the characteristics observed by the teachers and the quality of the exams. We find that teachers give exams that are assigned to be lower caste scores that are about 0.03 to 0.09 standard deviations lower than exams that are assigned to be high caste. The effect is small relative to the real differences in scores between the high and lower caste children. Low-performing, low caste children and top-performing females tend to lose out the most due to discrimination. Interestingly, we find that the discrimination against low caste students is driven by low caste teachers, while teachers who belong to higher caste groups do not appear to discriminate at all. This result runs counter to the previous literature, which tends to find that individuals discriminate in favor of members of their own groups"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site
