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In 2004 South Africa embarked on a mission of reforming its higher education system, merging and incorporating small universities into larger institutions, and renaming all higher education institutions university. The democratic country's universities and technikons, which were incorporated with others and thus no longer exist, will be mentioned in this study. There are also a large number of institutions in South Africa, some are local campuses of foreign universities, some conduct classes for students who write their examinations at the distance education University of South Africa and some offer unaccredited or non accredited diplomas. Public universities in South Africa are divided into three types; traditional universities, which offer theoretically oriented university degrees; universities of technology, which offer practically-oriented diplomas and degrees in technical fields; and comprehensive universities, which offer a combination of both types of qualifications. Disciplinary problems at universities interfere with the educational process and place a burden on Management and academics. Misdemeanours have long been linked to negative outcomes for students, such as course failure and dropping out of universities. University senior management team is interested in keeping the institution safe and maintaining positive environment conducive to learning. To accomplish this mission, universities employ a range of policies and approaches to managing student behaviour, including positive behaviour support, exclusion, suspension and expulsions. Research was conducted in three types of South African universities. Management of each type of university was interviewed. From each type of university, three institutions were randomly selected. This left the researcher with a total of 9 universities out of 23. Responses from management of various institutions were related.

APPIAH UPHOLDS THE IDEAL OF AUTONOMY, GROUNDING IT IN ON THE PRECIOUS NOTION OF CHOICE. THE CLAIM OF AUTONOMY CANNOT FLOUISH WITHOUT FULFILLING THE POSSIBILITY OF CHOICES MADE BY INDIVIDUAL PERSONS. IT IS THE DUTY OF THE LIBERAL STATE TO PROCURE GOOD EDUCATION FOR ITS CITIZENS, SIMILAR TO THE PROPONENTS OF THE NEW DEAL, WHO SECURED ECONOMIC HELP FOR THE WELFARE OF THE GENUINELY NEEDY.

PurposeBusiness schools increasingly have come into the spotlight following a range of corporate scandals, challenged to find a new approach to business education that goes beyond financial bottom lines, and results in the responsible corporate leadership. This article seeks to address the area of "how a Catholic university deepens and revitalises its culture and institutionalises its mission and identity in business education." It aims to do so by focussing on the marketing for and nature of the student body in a postgraduate Master of Business Administration (Executive) (MBAE) program offered intensively by the Australian Catholic University, through an analysis of scholarship applications.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative study used latent coding which reflected its interpretative nature and was based on the classic content analysis sensitive not only to the explicit, manifest content, but also to the implicit, not obviously present content. To arrive at a trustworthy interpretation of the latent content, the method required familiarity with the contexts of the researched. In the case of the study, the analysed applications of the scholarships were placed in the larger context of the in‐depth interviews with the prospective students. As a result, a number of themes were induced from these texts.FindingsThe findings demonstrate that candidates enter the program with a balance of self and social interest, and a different focus of self‐interest, moving beyond negative greed as excessive materialism or career pursuit for money's sake. There emerged a picture of the MBAE applicant as a caring and skilled global citizen, wishing to make a positive difference to society and characterised by a sense of humility, a heightened sense of awareness, personal transformation and a sense of interconnectedness with others.Originality/valueThis small study and approach suggests that individuals are seeking more meaning not only in their workplaces, but also from their business education. It depicts the intent of the Business Faculty staff to move beyond the cultural biases of self‐centred and unrestrained individualism in order that a sole self‐interest is transcended into benefits for the organisation and broader society, including the sustainability of the natural world.

The study was conducted on adult women who would run for village head. Because education is provided through adult learning in taking decisions and accompanied by spiritual guidance, adult educations were also required to increase college services to enter the community. The question researches were how women as candidate village head can make decision to become a village head and how to implemented spiritual guidance counselling for politic (sgcp) among adult women education toward political decision making. With one subject, mix method for single subject design of this research, found strengthening woman as adult education more strong to make decision and become a winner as head viillage. Spiritual guidance counselling for politic (SGCP) was a construct of educational psychology for woman in preparing and facing politic. The aim of sgcp became a first sgcp provided by the candidate of village head as one of the representative candidates reinforce the woman in decision making to be the contestant of woman head the village. The second prepare, the woman as the woman representative and face the risk of candidacy after successfully being a village head or not. Being the contestant of woman's representation needs such four things as gender, people, financial, prays, spiritual.

To spread education in case of highly marginalized section of our society has been a colossal task to any Govt. particularly to the tribal people. The strong point of a society lies in the task of education training, development and allocation of its man power resources. It can be said that education plays an imperative complete development of individuality so that one can make an original contribution to human life according to one's best competence. Making primary or elementary education available for all rural Indian children has been one of the major challenges for the all the Government. Furthermore, the quality of elementary education in rural India has also been a major cause of concern for the any Government. This paper draws attention of the readers about the conditions and settings of the rural schools in Karnataka State, South India.