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We investigate the determinants of European banking market integration with a focus on the potentially limiting role of cultural and political factors. Employing a unique data set of European cross-border loans and deposits, the study uses various gravity models that are augmented by societal proxies. While trade-theoretic reasoning can explain part of the surge in cross-border banking, we demonstrate that distance and borders still matter in the geography of European cross-border banking. Moreover, we can identify cultural differences and different legal family origin as important barriers to integration.

This book explores the interactions between private sector development, public policies and societal institutions with a strong view on contributing to sustainable and inclusive development in emerging countries. The private sector is often praised as an engine of economic growth. This belief has led to significant efforts to promote private sector development in emerging countries. Development agencies prioritize private sector development and national governments are following suit, resulting in often huge incentives to stimulate and attract private investment. However, private sector development is not a panacea for sustainable and inclusive development as the past decades have clearly shown. Economic growth, societal development and environmental sustainability are often in a sharp conflict; and more often than not economic growth has failed to improve the lives of all citizens. This book examines the role the state and the private sector should play to benefit from the dynamics of business development, while ensuring that these benefits are shared broadly without jeopardizing sustainability. The views presented differ in detail, but the analyses and case studies presented share common themes, namely that the relative roles of state and private sector of should be balanced and that this particular balance should be based on the context of each country in order to make the private-public sector interaction work for all people. ; This book explores the interactions between private sector development, public policies and societal institutions with a strong view on contributing to sustainable and inclusive development in emerging countries. The private sector is often praised as an engine of economic growth. This belief has led to significant efforts to promote private sector development in emerging countries. Development agencies prioritize private sector development and national governments are following suit, resulting in often huge incentives to stimulate and attract private investment. However, private sector development is not a panacea for sustainable and inclusive development as the past decades have clearly shown. Economic growth, societal development and environmental sustainability are often in a sharp conflict; and more often than not economic growth has failed to improve the lives of all citizens. This book examines the role the state and the private sector should play to benefit from the dynamics of business development, while ensuring that these benefits are shared broadly without jeopardizing sustainability. The views presented differ in detail, but the analyses and case studies presented share common themes, namely that the relative roles of state and private sector of should be balanced and that this particular balance should be based on the context of each country in order to make the private-public sector interaction work for all people.

Intro -- Contents -- Introduction -- Part I: Private sector development for an inclusive society -- 1 Private sector development for an inclusive society -- 2 Political economy and private sector development: An overview of background features and recent research -- 3 Informal business practices: Exception or the norm? -- Part II: The role of policies and institutions -- 4 Industrial policy: Best practices for emerging economies -- 5 Development of industrial policy in South Korea: The case of from rags to riches with lessons for newly emerging nations -- 6 Towards inclusive industrial policy: Taking stock of a debate in flux -- 7 Inclusiveness and small businesses in emerging markets -- Part III: Skills, (Eco-) investment and innovations for private sector development -- 8 The role of innovation and R& -- amp -- D for private sector development: An evolutionary theory perspective -- 9 Vocational and skill training systems in India and Indonesia: A comparative analysis with an application to green sector skills -- 10 Entrepreneurial universities in Ethiopia, Indonesia, and the Palestinian Territories: Impacting internal and external factors -- 11 Aligning the vocational curriculum with job and business opportunities in Ghana's chocolate and cocoa drink industry -- Part IV: Triple helix: Conceptual issues and practical applicationss -- 12 Technological informality as a development strategy: Iconic ikeja computer village at risk -- 13 Triple helix as model for driving innovation in emerging economies - what it takes -- 14 The triple helix model in the heterogeneous transitional Chinese economy: A comparative analysis of Zhejiang and Yunnan provinces -- 15 How triple helix ecosystems can support climate smart agriculture innovation uptake by farmers -- 16 Triple helix model for rice value chain in Kenya -- List of figures -- List of tables.

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