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The past decade has witnessed profound transformations in subnational territories engendered by a dramatic increase in natural resource extraction. Research to date has concentrated largely on why the transfer of extractive revenues often reinforces a 'local resource curse'; however, little work has been done on subnational governments' attempts to maximize the benefits and minimize the costs of mining expansion. Drawing on the literature on subnational governance in the context of resource extraction and neoliberal reforms, this study analyses the strategies – confrontational or collaborative – subnational political leaders pursue and the reasons why they pursue them. The findings are based on in-depth field research in two Peruvian subnational regions that are highly dependent on mineral extraction. More specifically, we examine the collaborative strategy pursued in one region and compare it with a confrontational strategy in another. Our analysis indicates that an interplay between institutional capacity and supporting coalitions affects whether subnational leaders undertake a collaborative or a confrontational approach. Based on our findings, we consider the likely effects of these strategies for regional development. By shifting the focus to the agency of subnational leaders, we make an essential contribution to debates about subnational governance in the realm of resource extraction.

This article attempts to answer the question: What is the potential of territorial planning to transform socio-environmental conflicts associated with the expansion of mining in Peru? Based on interviews and documents, the article shows that, for these mechanisms to contribute towards generating the conditions for sustainable development and transform socio-environmental conflicts, it will be necessary to integrate the granting of mining concessions with territorial planning, as well as improve the articulation between the diverse planning mechanisms within the Peruvian State. In addition, without a basic agreement about the nature and role of territorial planning it is unlikely that these processes will reinforce democratic forms of territorial governance. ; Este artículo pretende contestar la pregunta sobre cuál es la potencialidad del ordenamiento territorial para transformar los conflictos socioambientales asociados a la expansión de las actividades mineras en el Perú. Sobre la base de entrevistas y documentos, el artículo muestra que, para que estos mecanismos contribuyan a generar las condiciones para el desarrollo sostenible y transformar los conflictos socioambientales, será necesario conciliar los sistemas de otorgamiento de concesiones mineras y de ordenamiento territorial, así como articular mejor los diversos sistemas de planificación dentro del Estado. Además, se señala que, sin un acuerdo básico respecto a la naturaleza y el rol del ordenamiento territorial, será poco probable que estos procesos refuercen formas más democráticas de gobernanza territorial.

El presente articulo realiza un recuento de como surgen y bajo que condiciones realizan sus trabajos las organizaciones de apoyo a grupos de base, presentando su evolucion dentro del marco de la politica nacional, asi como sus relaciones con los diferentes gobiernos del Peru