Esta tesis doctoral se propone realizar una reflexión pedagógica desde un punto de vista teórico en torno a tres conceptos clave de la educación intercultural, a saber, la diversidad moral, la formación de la identidad cultural y el diálogo intercultural. Partiendo de la revisión realizada desde la filosofía política por Bhikhu Parekh en Repensando el multiculturalismo, y motivada por la incomodidad que generan las conclusiones del profesor británico de origen indio, propias del pensamiento postmoderno, aspira a contribuir a fundamentar un concepto de educación intercultural ajeno a un planteamiento relativista. Para ello, reta a la propuesta maniquea parekhiana y cuestiona la clasificación monismo-pluralismo moral que etiqueta torpemente a algunos de los filósofos más influyentes de la historia del pensamiento. Si bien el discurso sobre la multiculturalidad y la educación intercultural es propio de nuestra época, algunos de sus fundamentos cabe encontrarlos en los comienzos de la propia filosofía y no se ha apagado la discusión sobre ellos hasta nuestros días. Así pues, Platón, Aristóteles, Agustín de Hipona, J. S. Mill y Giambattista Vico, son invitados a la discusión en esta investigación sobre los tres ejes descritos, siguiendo la estela del pensamiento humanista y de la filosofía de la educación. ABSTRACT. The purpose of this study is to carry out a pedagogical analysis, from a theoretical point of view, of three basic aspects of intercultural education: moral diversity, cultural identity and intercultural dialogue. Taking into account the review made by Bhikhu Parekh from the political philosophy in Rethinking Multiculturalism, and motivated by his disturbing conclusions, proper of the postmodern thought, this research aims to promote a concept of intercultural education far from a relativistic approach. Thus, it challenges the Manichaean Parekhian stance and questions his moral monism-pluralism classification, which awkwardly labels some of the most influential philosophers in the history of thought. ...
Ma recherche porte sur la crise et les diverses transformations subies par la théocratie en tant que modèle politique en Europe dans la première moitié du XVIIIe siècle. Mon attention se concentre sur la remise en question de la valeur normative, à savoir sacrée, que ce modèle avait acquis au cours du XVIe et du XVIIe siècle, et sur sa transformation en un modèle universel et «négatif» au cours de la première partie du XVIIIe siècle. L'analyse du modèle théocratique n'a pas fait, jusqu'à présent, l'objet de nombreuses études de la part des historiens de la pensée politique moderne. Il est resté au centre de la réflexion d'autres domaines d'études. Seulement, depuis les années 1990, certaines études historiographiques ont montré l'existence, au cours des XVIe et XVIIe siècles, d'un grand intérêt autour de la normatività du modèle théocratique. L'analyse portait sur une série de traités relatifs à l'utilisation politique de la théocratie juive, c'est-à-dire le gouvernement de l'ancien Israël ou respublica Hebraeorum, telle qu'elle était décrite dans le texte sacré. La limite de ces études est cependant d'avoir analysé seulement « l'âge d'or » de cette littérature, à savoir les XVIe et XVIIe siècles. Ils ont identifié dans le Tractatus Theo logico -Poäücus de Spinoza le déclin de l'intérêt européen pour ce modèle politique. Ma recherche vise à mettre en évidence l'évolution de la façon de considérer la théocratie en tant que. modèle politique en Europe au XVIIIe siècle, dans le but de démontrer que le Tractatus Theologico- Poäticus n'a pas signé son déclin définitif en Europe en soulignant comment le débat politique de cette époque a été caractérisé par un fort intérêt politique pour la théocratie. En particulier mon analyse porte sur trois moments différents. La première partie de mon étude concerne la remise en question de la valeur positive et normative du modèle, théocratique juif à travers son historicisation. A cet effet, je me concentre sur trois figures emblématiques, à savoir Giambattista Vico, John Toland ...
This is the first book to examine in full the interconnections between Giambattista Vico's new science and James Joyce's Finnegans Wake. Maintaining that Joyce is the greatest modern "interpreter" of Vico, Donald Phillip Verene demonstrates how images from Joyce's work offer keys to Vico's philosophy. Verene presents the entire course of Vico's philosophical thought as it develops in his major works, with Joyce's words and insights serving as a guide.The book devotes a chapter to each period of Vico's thought, from his early orations on education to his anti-Cartesian metaphysics and his conception of universal law, culminating in his new science of the history of nations. Verene analyzes Vico's major works, including all three editions of the New Science. The volume also features a detailed chronology of the philosopher's career, historical illustrations related to his works, and an extensive bibliography of Vico scholarship and all English translations of his writings
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Für eine Philosophie, welche die Kultur als genuinen philosophischen Gegenstand zu begreifen sucht, bietet die 'Scienza Nuova' Giambattista Vicos (1668-1744) zahlreiche Anregungen. Mit dem Heft 2/2010 der 'Zeitschrift für Kulturphilosophie' widmet erstmals eine deutschsprachige philosophische Fachzeitschrift den Denkansätzen des neapolitanischen Philosophen ein eigenes Themenheft. Zur Sprache kommen dabei Grundzüge von Vicos kulturphilosophischer Wendung ebenso wie Fragen des Verhältnisses von Poiesis und Praxis, Reflexionen zur Sinnlichkeit der Sprache, seine Kritik an der cartesianischen Konstruktion des Subjekts oder das Problem der Historizität. Schwerpunkt Th. Gilbhard: 'Nova scientia tentatur'. Die Metaphysik und ihre kulturphilosophische Wendung bei Vico -.- P. König: Über das Verhältnis von poiesis und praxis in der 'Scienza Nuova' -.- J. Kreuzer: Die Sinnlichkeit der Sprache -.- D. Strassberg: Die paranoische Konstruktion moderner Subjektivität. Zu Vicos Kritik am cartesianischen Ego -.- J. Trabant: Was für eine Kultur-Wissenschaft ist die Neue Wissenschaft? Relektüren M. u. A. Hetzel: 'Damit ein Anfang sei...' Hannah Arendt über Verzeihen und Versprechen -.- Chr. Blättler: 'Zwischen Marx und Fourier'. Zu Walter Benjamins Begriff der Phantasmagorie -.- G. Schweppenhäuser: Überlegungen zum Bildbegriff der Kritischen Theorie -.- M. Sauer: Affekte und Emotionen als Grundlagen des Weltverstehens. Ernst Cassirers Kulturanthropologie heute
The architectural practice of Giuseppe Terragni (1904-1943) takes place during the twentieth century modern social movements, as architecture and urban form follow a major shift in the political conditions, in Italy and beyond. This dissertation is a demonstration of the quest for the rational in the architectural practice of Giuseppe Terragni. Furthermore, it sorts out the role of Terragni's practice in the dichotomous relationships between city and architecture as well as state and project. Initially, it is the obligation of this dissertation to address questions of principles, in order to build a plenum for the relationship between the city and architecture. It traces movements through translation and transformation of architectural impression, in form and type, and its meta in concinnity, in terms of legacy, legitimacy, and the rational in idea. THESIS. The implicit rational in architecture exists in hierarchical order that allows for it to form unity of the whole that any of its constituents cannot form individually. It should be the architect's duty to fully reconcile all the elements in action for and against form in architecture, and demonstrate that the resultant is not a mere compromise but a necessary optimal condition. Therefore, I start with a stance in which I attempt to show how Giuseppe Terragni, in his ratiocinium, explicates the implicit rational in architecture, against the sea of protean political conditions. Giuseppe Terragni can be understood in his convictions which we may be able to sort out through his words, works, and deeds. In his pursuit of the rational Giuseppe Terragni offers a clue to the time and actions taking place, as if he were to remind us of the Homeric song about the deeds of men with convictions under their destiny and their ironic tragicomedy. Terragni's Danteum is the one instance where destiny seems closer to fulfillment. Dante Alighieri's dream of the glorious empire seems to materialize in the signs of the monarchy and its savior Mussolini. Since the fascist movement concerns itself with questions of legitimacy that in lineage shifts between histories of origins and middles, the shifting in language plays an important role in the sorting out of factum and verum. Languages that enter into this play shift laterally mainly between Greek, Latin, and Italian. And, at times Dardanian and Proto-Albanian, both Illyrian dialects, enter the play. METHOD. Many aspects of this inquiry demand specific research methods as shown through the general and specific instances of man's activity as work which results in that which is made (factum) and the pursuit of that which is true (verum). Therefore, method in the sense of search for the way concerning purpose in what is made is conducted through istoria and historiography. Meanwhile, the search for truth, as it does not concern itself with the same scope as factum, requires philosophy as means towards knowledge, to sort out questions regarding truth. This dissertation follows certain Italian philosophers as guides in the pursuit. Not the least among them is Giambattista Vico who proposes that universal laws of development of men and society can be traced through the union between verum and factum. So, verum and factum become characters of the same play. Philology, love for reason, as a subspecies of philosophy, is a means toward knowledge in unraveling of the layers of the rational in the making. Additionally, in this inquiry, I employ analogies, diagrams, ideograms, and images, which demonstrate the quest for the rational in the architectural practice of Giuseppe Terragni. ; Doctor of Philosophy ; The architectural practice of Giuseppe Terragni (1904-1943) takes place during the twentieth century modern social movements, as architecture and urban form follow a major shift in the political conditions, in Italy and beyond. This dissertation is a demonstration of the quest for the rational in the architectural practice of Giuseppe Terragni. Furthermore, it sorts out the role of Terragni's practice in the dichotomous relationships between city and architecture as well as state and project. Initially, it is the obligation of this dissertation to address questions of principles, in order to build a plenum for the relationship between the city and architecture. It traces movements through translation and transformation of architectural impression, in form and type, and its meta in concinnity, in terms of legacy, legitimacy, and the rational in idea. THESIS. The implicit rational in architecture exists in hierarchical order that allows for it to form unity of the whole that any of its constituents cannot form individually. It should be the architect's duty to fully reconcile all the elements in action for and against form in architecture, and demonstrate that the resultant is not a mere compromise but a necessary optimal condition. Therefore, I start with a stance in which I attempt to show how Giuseppe Terragni, in his ratiocinium, explicates the implicit rational in architecture, against the sea of protean political conditions. Giuseppe Terragni can be understood in his convictions which we may be able to sort out through his words, works, and deeds. In his pursuit of the rational Giuseppe Terragni offers a clue to the time and actions taking place, as if he were to remind us of the Homeric song about the deeds of men with convictions under their destiny and their ironic tragicomedy. Terragni's Danteum is the one instance where destiny seems closer to fulfillment. Dante Alighieri's dream of the glorious empire seems to materialize in the signs of the monarchy and its savior Mussolini. Since the fascist movement concerns itself with questions of legitimacy that in lineage shifts between histories of origins and middles, the shifting in language plays an important role in the sorting out of factum and verum. Languages that enter into this play shift laterally mainly between Greek, Latin, and Italian. And, at times Dardanian and Proto-Albanian, both Illyrian dialects, enter the play. METHOD. Many aspects of this inquiry demand specific research methods as shown through the general and specific instances of man's activity as work which results in that which is made (factum) and the pursuit of that which is true (verum). Therefore, method in the sense of search for the way concerning purpose in what is made is conducted through istoria and historiography. Meanwhile, the search for truth, as it does not concern itself with the same scope as factum, requires philosophy as means towards knowledge, to sort out questions regarding truth. This dissertation follows certain Italian philosophers as guides in the pursuit. Not the least among them is Giambattista Vico who proposes that universal laws of development of men and society can be traced through the union between verum and factum. So, verum and factum become characters of the same play. Philology, love for reason, as a subspecies of philosophy, is a means toward knowledge in unraveling of the layers of the rational in the making. Additionally, in this inquiry, I employ analogies, diagrams, ideograms, and images, which demonstrate the quest for the rational in the architectural practice of Giuseppe Terragni.
Isaiah Berlin: "Das krumme Holz der Humanität". Kapital der Ideengeschichte. Herausgegeben von Henry Hardy. Aus dem Englischen von Reinhard Kaiser. S. Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1992. 340 S., geb., 39,80 DM
Abstract The strandentwining intertext of Finnegans Wake both obscures and unveils meaning. The cultural ramifications of James Joyce's intertext, however, run deep, as he subjects the relevant intertexts to subsequent rewritings in order to multiply meaning. In such context, intertextuality in itself can be likened to a translation, whereby otherness is adapted into a literary space to enable the construction or reconstruction of new significance, thus facilitating a far-reaching cross-cultural dialogue; both author and readers, in turn, assume the role of poeta doctus and litteratus doctus, respectively. Accordingly, the intertexts Joyce has sewn into the text are in constant transformation both via their medium and their audience, as is the case with the Viconian intertext. Giambattista Vico's The New Science was carefully integrated by Joyce into Finnegans Wake1 and adapted to Irish society; Vico's philosophical thought, which permeates the Wake, provides structure and enables the layering of intertextual units, thus multiplying significations and intended meanings. Vico's theories on language and history enable diachronic and anachronic explorations within the Wake, as well as a simultaneous existence of different systems of thought. Joyce's use of the thunderwords as a primal linguistic expression, coupled with his creative cultural exploits and the systematic structuring of the Wake find their origin in Vico' The New Science.
Frontmatter -- Inhalt -- Einleitung der HerausgeberInnen -- I. Wir sind nie monokulturell gewesen -- Formen des Kulturellen -- 0. Ibn Khaldun, Abd ar-Rahman: al-Muqaddima -- 1. Jean de Léry, L'Histoire d'un voyage fait en la terre du Brésil -- 2. Johann Gottfried Herder, Von deutscher Art und Kunst -- 3. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Phänomenologie des Geistes -- 4. Georg Simmel, Der Streit -- 5. Alfred Schütz und Thomas Luckmann, Strukturen der Lebenswelt -- 6. George H. Mead, Mind, Self and Society from the Standpoint of a Social Behaviorist -- 7. Peter L. Berger und Thomas Luckmann, The Social Construction of Reality -- 8. Ian Hacking, The Social Construction of What? -- 9. Richard Hamilton, Hommage à Chrysler Corp -- Ethnowissen -- 10. Marcel Mauss, Essai sur le don -- 11. Victor Turner, The Ritual Process -- 12. Margaret Mead, Coming of Age in Samoa -- 13. Bronislaw Malinowski, Argonauts of the Western Pacific -- 14. Mary Douglas, Purity and Danger -- 15. Claude Levi-Strauss, Tristes Tropiques -- II. Zeichen, Symbole, Kommunikationen -- Sprachen -- 16. Ferdinand De Saussure, Cours de linguistique générale -- 17. Karl Bühler, Sprachtheorie -- 18. Jurij Lotman, Der semiotische Raum -- 19. Jacques Derrida, De la grammatologie -- Symbolische Formen -- 20. Ernst Cassirer, Philosophie der symbolischen Formen -- 21. Erwin Panofsky, Meaning in the Visual Arts -- 22. Roland Barthes, Mythologies -- 23. Erving Goffmann, The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life -- 24. Herbert Marshall McLuhan, The Gutenberg Galaxis -- 25. Stanley Kubrick, 2001 -- III. Kulturelle Pluralismen und soziale Ungeichheiten -- Urbanität -- 26. Georg Simmel, Exkurs über den Fremden -- 27. Robert Ezra Park, The City -- 28. William Issac Thomas und Florian Znaniecki, The Polish Peasant in Europe and America -- 29. Walter Benjamin, Das Passagen-Werk -- 30. Paul Gilroy, The Black Atlantic -- Stratifikation und Herrschaft -- 31. Karl Marx, Die deutsche Ideologie -- 32. Pierre Bourdieu, La distinction -- 33. Paul Willis, Learning to Labour -- 34. Norbert Elias, The Established and the Outsiders -- 35. Heinrich Popitz, Prozesse der Machtbildung -- Das Heilige -- 36. Max Weber, Die Protestantische Ethik und der Geist des Kapitalismus -- 37. Émile Durkheim, Les formes élémentaires de la vie religieuse -- 38. Rudolf Otto, Das Heilige -- Gender -- 39. Simone de Beauvoir, Le Deuxième Sexe -- 40. Judith Butler, Gender Trouble -- 41. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Can the Subaltern Speak? -- IV. Geschichte, Gedächtnis, Zeit -- 42. Giambattista Vico, Principi di una scienza nuova d'intorno alla commune natura delle nazioni -- 43. Thomas Morus, Utopia -- 44. Friedrich Nietzsche, Vom Nutzen und Nachtheil der Historie für das Leben -- 45. Jacob Burckhardt, Weltgeschichtliche Betrachtungen -- 46. Aby Warburg, Der Bilderatlas Mnemosyne -- 47. Maurice Halbwachs, Les cadres sociaux de la mémoire -- 48. Frederic C. Bartlett, Remembering -- 49. Pierre Nora, Les lieux de mémoire -- 50. Sigmund Freud, Die Traumdeutung -- 51. Jacques Lacan, L'instance de la lettre dans l'inconscient ou la raison depuis Freud -- 52. Reinhart Koselleck, Vergangene Zukunft -- 53. Hayden White, Metahistory -- V. Wege zum Wissen -- 54. Robert Musil, Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften -- 55. Karl Mannheim, Ideologie und Utopie -- 56. Clifford Geertz, Thick Description -- 57. Robert K. Merton, The Unanticipated Consequences of Purposive Social Action -- 58. Harold Garfinkel, Studies in Ethnomethodology -- 59. Everett M. Rogers, Diffusion of Innovations -- 60. Edward W. Said, Orientalism -- 61. Eva Illouz, Cold Intimacies -- 62. Albert Bandura, Self-Efficacy -- 63. Hans-Georg Gadamer, Wahrheit und Methode -- 64. Barney G. Glaser und Anselm L. Strauss, The Discovery of Grounded Theory -- VI. Handeln, Begründen, Erleiden -- 65. Aristoteles, Nikomachische Ethik -- 66. Harry G. Frankfurt, The Importance of What We Care About -- 67. Hans Jonas, Das Prinzip Verantwortung -- 68. Amartya Sen, The Idea of Justice -- 69. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Grundlinien der Philosophie des Rechts -- 70. Antonio Gramsci, Quaderni del carcere -- 71. John Dewey, The Public and Its Problems -- 72. Henry David Thoreau, Resistance to Civil Government -- 73. Gabriel Almond und Sidney Verba, The Civic Culture -- 74. David Riesman, The Lonely Crowd -- 75. Ted Robert Gurr, Why Men Rebel -- 76. Michel Foucault, Surveiller et punir -- 77. Joanna Bourke, An Intimate History of Killing -- 78. Stanley Milgram, Obedience to Authority -- 79. Elinor Ostrom und James Walker, Trust and Reciprocity -- VII. Die Natur des Menschen -- 80. Hesiod - Aischylos - Platon, Prometheus -- 81. Charles Robert Darwin, On the Origin of the Species -- 82. Helmuth Plessner, Die Stufen des Organischen und der Mensch -- 83. Jean Piaget, La psychologie de l'intelligence -- 84. Paul Joseph Crutzen, The »Anthropocene« -- 85. Donna Haraway, Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: The Reinvention of Nature -- 86. Gregory Bateson, Steps to an Ecology of Mind -- 87. Bruno Latour, Politiques de la nature -- 88. Julia Kristeva, Pouvoirs de l'horreur -- 89. Adam Smith, Wealth of Nations -- 90. Karl Polanyi, The Great Transformation -- 91. André Gorz, Ecologie et politique -- 92. Niklas Luhmann, Ökologische Kommunikation -- 93. Joseph Beuys, 7000 Eichen -- VIII. Vom Geist der Zeit -- 94 Homer, Odyssee -- 95. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Discours sur les sciences et les arts -- 96. Voltaire, Poème sur le désastre de Lisbonne -- 97. Frantz Fanon, Les damnés de la terre -- 98. Jane Jacobs, The Death and Life of Great American Cities -- 99. Hannah Arendt, Eichmann in Jerusalem -- 100. Guy Debord, La Société du Spectacle -- 101. Donella H. Meadows, The Limits to Growth -- 102. Ivan Illich, Tools for Conviviality -- 103. Václav Havel, Moc bezmocných -- 104. Ulrich Beck, Risikogesellschaft -- 105. Naomi Klein, No Logo -- 106. Stéphane Hessel, Indignez-Vous! -- Statt eines Nachwortes: Orientalistik als Kulturwissenschaft -- Stichwortregister -- AutorInnenverzeichnis -- Backmatter
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Il lavoro di questa tesi prende spunto dalle più recenti critiche e l'attuale contrasto all'approccio multiculturale e segue quattro obiettivi principali: 1) Dimostrare che il multiculturalismo non è fallito, attraverso spiegazioni analitiche ed empiriche; 2) Dimostrare che le comunità segregate si formano a prescindere dalle politiche migratorie o dai modelli di riferimento, ipotizzando che il vero impatto di queste politiche sta nella natura liberale o meno della formazione delle comunità segregate; 3) Dimostrare che in ambito locale stiamo assistendo all'implementazione di politiche multiculturali in contrasto con quelle nazionali e che le stesse forze politiche che in ambito nazionale criticano l'approccio multiculturale, a livello locale cercano il dialogo con le comunità etniche e religiosi e stimolano l'integrazione; 4) Superare il modello multiculturale introducendo il nuovo paradigma della "interculturalità", un concetto che tiene conto della moltiplicazione degli elementi di differenziazione all'interno dei flussi migratori, della loro reciproca interazione, e che sembra essere l'approccio più adatto a garantire la coesione sociale, il riconoscimento dei diritti e il rispetto delle identità culturali e religiose delle diverse componenti etniche presenti nelle realtà locali. Nel primo capitolo discuto i contributi dei più importanti studiosi che hanno concorso allo sviluppo del pensiero politico liberale nelle società passate e in quelle attuali (post-globali). Prendo in esame il dibattito sul liberalismo, comunitarismo e neo-comunitarismo e successivamente analizzo le riflessioni teoriche dei principali studiosi del pensiero politico legate all'epistemologia multiculturale. Questi studiosi, con i loro contributi, hanno in qualche maniera contribuito alla nascita ed allo sviluppo delle nuove teorie multiculturali. A partire dalle riformulazioni liberali di John Rawls, quelle neo-comunitariste di Charles Taylor, la critica sul fronte liberale di Jürgen Habermas e le riflessioni di Will Kymlicka. Questo Excursus servirà per dimostrare che recentemente il multiculturalismo è diventato un argomento di prima importanza nel dibattito nord-americano ed europeo, e le sue origini remote si rintracciano nel "pluralismo delle culture" di Giambattista Vico e nella "autocoscienza culturale" di Johann Gottfried Herder. Per questo ho ritenuto importante ricostruire le tappe di questa discussione. Per comprendere meglio i concetti e per analizzare i modelli e le politiche odierne è necessario partire dalle memorie collettive – i "mattoni" del progresso attuale. Il secondo capitolo tratta il concetto di multiculturalismo, le origini del problema multiculturale e le sue sfide. In una seconda parte, considero la questione multiculturale e multietnica in una prospettiva analitica che spiega alcuni modelli multiculturali; nella terza parte esamino la differenza tra multiculturalismo e modello multiculturale britannico, facendo emergere le criticità di quest'ultimo. Sempre in questa sezione, cerco di capire alcune cause che contribuiscono alla formazione delle comunità segregate e nell'ultima parte del capitolo svolgo alcune riflessioni su ulteriori casi di costruzione di queste comunità in altri Paesi europei (Germania, Francia e Italia). Dopo aver analizzato alcune ricerche di altri studiosi, espongo alcune ipotesi secondo le quali le comunità segregate si costruiscono a prescindere dalle politiche migratorie, visto che anche nei Paesi che adottano altri modelli di integrazione – ad esempio, quello assimilazionista o quello assistenzialista – si sono create delle comunità segregate. Le politiche migratorie, quindi, possono soltanto influenzare la forma delle comunità segregate, per un verso, lasciando i migranti liberi di costituirle (comunità "volute"), oppure imponendo delle situazioni di concentramento (comunità "imposte"), rendendole più aperte o più chiuse alle comunità di accoglienza. Nel terzo e nel quarto capitolo sono esaminate le riflessioni dei maggiori studiosi internazionali, attraverso la lettura le più recenti pubblicazioni di Tariq Modood, Ted Cantle e Gerard Bouchard. Ho rivolto particolare attenzione al Canada e al Québec: nel primo caso si rileva un modello implementato nel 1971, definito "modello multiculturale", invece nel secondo, contrapposto al primo, abbiamo un modello interculturale, sviluppato nella città nazione del Québec. Nel quinto capitolo esamino altri modelli interculturali, anzitutto quello formulato in America Latina da Fidel Tubino, in riferimento alle minoranze indigene del Perù e del Messico e alle loro richieste di partecipazione attiva nella vita pubblica; in Italia quello proposto da Pierluigi Consorti, con riferimento al discorso che sta sviluppando riguardo al dialogo religioso e al ruolo delle religioni nella società globale. In tale quadro verrà messo a fuoco il dibattito accademico che ha coinvolto molti Paesi europei nella sfida tra multiculturalismo e interculturalismo. Nelle conclusioni ho provato a comprendere come sia possibile percorrere una via di mezzo tra le posizioni multiculturali e interculturali, tenendo presente che in entrambi i casi rimane centrale il problema del riconoscimento tra maggioranza e minoranza all'interno di società diversificate. In questo caso, svolgo una riflessione sulle possibili linee-guida di un modello di implementazione di queste politiche in Italia, per superare i limiti presentati dal multiculturalismo: riconoscimento di molti gruppi etnici e culturali, possibile riconoscimento, frammentazione o ghettizzazione, con la prospettiva di un nuovo paradigma interculturale, dove alla maggioranza della società viene riconosciuta, attraverso regolamenti ad hoc, il mantenimento di alcuni elementi di memoria culturale collettiva ( i simboli, le religioni, la lingua, le festività, l'uso di elementi religiosi negli spazi pubblici con riserva), mentre alle minoranze nazionali, e in particolare ai nuovi arrivi, vengono riconosciuti alcuni diritti di rappresentanza e mantenimento della loro cultura.
