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[Introduction]:The title of my address 'Children and Young People: The Law and Human Rights' builds on the helpful suggestion of the ACT Law Society Executive. Adding the element of 'human rights' to the title was creating a rod for my own back. The combination offers a potentially inexhaustible menu of specific topics. Each could be my single concern this evening and I would not be able to do any of them justice. Were I to focus on a particular segment of our young, such as asylum seekers, indigenous peoples, or those who have special disability needs, I would invariably end up spending much of my time speaking about or updating the deficits that were flagged by the comprehensive 1997 report of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity and Australian Law Reform Commission, Seen and Heard. Regrettably, I doubt that I could fill the rest of my allotted time by telling you the good news of how governments have subsequently remedied the identified problems. In fact, five years have passed since the Report and the Commonwealth Government has not yet formally responded to it. This observation highlights a further problem attending the tyranny of choice within the title of tonight's address. The actions or inaction of governments, deeply and inevitably, affect the rights of children, both directly and indirectly, perhaps more so than other constituencies in our community. It is therefore hard to avoid levelling a degree of criticism against governments when speaking about children. For judges this gives rise to a particular risk; that such remarks are portrayed pejoratively as political. I think it fair to say that however well-intentioned we may be, our legal system in Australia does not protect the rights of children adequately. We can also say that not much effort has been made to address this problem. Defects operate in the system at a number of levels. One of the most serious defects relates to structure. The protection of children and young people from violation and maltreatment – a subject of intense community concern – is a salient illustration I will now turn to.

Corruption in the education sector is a big question considering enact-ing the education and anti-corruption laws. The substantial education fund in Indonesia is to increase human resources as the principal capi-tal in national development. It is necessary and urgent to answer why and how digitalization and Big Data can prevent corruption in the edu-cation sector from achieving inclusive and equitable quality education in Indonesia. This paper is a normative juridical study with an interdisciplinary approach. The ultimate goal is to apply digitalization and Big Data rules to narrow the space for corruption and predict and control social phenomena in the education sector. The existing regulations in the management of education funds are only repressive and not adequate in terms of prevention which will be effective and efficient when involving technology (especially digitalization and Big Data in the education sector). The burden of this paper lies in the study, which is still normative and qualitative. An empirical study with a quantitative approach is needed, but this study is sufficient to enrich the literature for future empirical studies. The existence of digitalization rules and Big Data in national education controlled by the Chief Digital Officer can prevent corruption in the education sector. It can be a means of checks and balances and succeed in the framework of every education policy carried out by the government, whose primary output and outcome is the use of funds targeted to education and the achievement of inclusive and equitable quality education in Indonesia by 2030.

This book comprises sixteen chapters compilation of research papers authored by different authorsdeliversall the information about surrogacy and ART (Assisted Reproductive Technology) and provides a deep knowledge about all the surrounding issues. This book gives overview about howsurrogacy and ARTarrangementhelps childless infertile couple to get the baby of their own. In this arrangement, egg fertilized with spermin lab and then inserted in surrogate womb. Information about various form of surrogacy and ART also covered in this book.But central point of this book revolves around socio-legal, ethical issues and dilemma related to Surrogacy and ART faced by India and other countries. This book provides about the complexities and the challenges faced by surrogacy in recent time. This book covers all aspects along with International and national legislation related to surrogacy, Judicial approaches and India surrogacy bill, complications surrounding surrogacy and ART.

This book addresses the interpretation and application of human rights norms by International Criminal Tribunals (ICTs). Such Tribunals are widely heralded as human rights defenders. At the same time, however, they employ activities that necessary entail the risk of human rights violations: they conduct criminal investigations, arrest and detain individuals, and put them on trial. This book investigates this flip-side of the ICTs' relationship with international human rights law, and focuses on the ICTs' own interpretation and application of human rights norms. First, the book addresses whether and how ICTs are bound by human rights law, since unlike states they do not sign or ratify human rights conventions. Second, the book provides an in-depth analysis of the way in which ICTs interpret and apply human rights norms, compared to the way in which these norms are interpreted in a traditional state-context. Relying on the unique circumstances in which they operate, ICTs have often deviated from generally accepted interpretations of human rights. The author critically examines this so-called contextual approach and seeks to recommend ways in which ICTs can improve their interpretative practice by giving due regard to the context in which they operate, while still providing adequate human rights protection. Addressing the ICTs' possible leeway in terms of contextualization, this book contributes to the broader debate about adherence to human rights norms in international law. Krit Zeegers is an Associate at Allen & Overy LLP, Amsterdam, and previously worked as a researcher / junior lecturer at the University of Amsterdam.

Preface -- Contents -- 1 Having Fun?: Personalized Activity-Based Mood Prediction in Social Media -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Social Media Data -- 3.1 Twitter Dataset -- 3.2 Ground Truth -- 4 Features -- 5 Prediction -- 5.1 Prediction Framework -- 5.2 General Prediction Results -- 5.3 Personalized Prediction Results -- 6 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- 2 Automatic Medical Image Multilingual Indexation Through a Medical Social Network -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 Medical Social Networks -- 2.2 Multilingual Indexation Approaches -- 2.2.1 An Overview -- 2.2.2 Indexation Approaches via Social Networks -- 3 Social Network Architecture Description and Implementation -- 4 The Proposed Methodology -- 4.1 Comments' Pre-processing -- 4.2 Cleaning, Correcting, and Lemmatization -- 4.2.1 Cleaning -- 4.2.2 Correcting Words -- 4.2.3 Lemmatization Words -- 4.3 Terms' Extraction -- 4.3.1 Simple Terms' Extraction -- 4.3.2 Compound Terms' Extraction -- 4.3.3 Concepts' Extraction -- 5 Experimental Results -- 5.1 Data Test and Evaluation Criteria -- 5.2 Evaluation and Results of Our Approach -- 6 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- 3 The Significant Effect of Overlapping Community Structures in Signed Social Networks -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Contribution of the Paper -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Use of Terms, Variables and Definitions -- 4 Signed Disassortative Degree Mixing and Information Diffusion Approach -- 4.1 Identifying Leaders -- 4.2 Signed Cascading Process -- 4.3 Overlapping Community-Based Ranking Algorithms -- 4.3.1 Overlapping Community-Based HITS -- 4.3.2 Overlapping Community-Based PageRank -- 4.4 Baseline OCD Methods -- 4.4.1 Signed Probabilistic Mixture Model -- 4.4.2 Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm in Signed Networks -- 5 Sign Prediction -- 5.1 Classifiers -- 5.1.1 Logistic Regression

Since the early 1970s there has been a considerable growth in the literature published on the topic of human reliability. However, the main emphasis has been on technical aspects of human reliability, rather than on an integrated safety approach combining safety engineering, organization and human factors. Up till now, information on the subject of occupational safety which covers human reliability as one aspect has been widely scattered in technical reviews or briefly mentioned in textbooks. This book provides a comprehensive overview on occupational safety with special emphasis on the human element. Examples of empirical studies as well as suggestions for practical measures are included to help in the understanding and application of the contents of the text. Although the prime objective of the book is to cover occupational safety from a human factors point of view, nevertheless some of the related areas are also discussed. Among others, they include problem solving in complex systems, judgmental and heuristic biases in decision making as well as characteristics of decision support systems in high risk industry. The inclusion of these topics clearly indicates the shift in attention of occupational safety from work activities on the shop floor to tasks of operators and supervisors in automated and semi-automated systems. The text will prove useful to students of psychology and human factors engineering. Additionally, it holds great utility for persons with an engineering background, such as industrial engineers, quality control engineers, system and design engineers and safety practitioners.

This is the glossary for IDS Bulletin 52.2: China and International Development: Knowledge, Governance, and Practice.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- Chapter One. Theology and Subjectivism in Rosenzweig and Kant -- Chapter Two. Acceptance and the Theopolitical Problem -- Chapter Three. From Redescription to External Critique -- Chapter Four. From External Critique to the Crisis of Skepticism -- Chapter Five. Beyond the Fact-Value Divide -- Chapter Six Science Apprehending Science -- Bibliography -- Index

Gali Einav and a strong group of international contributors offer a timely collection that combines academic insights and entrepreneurial case studies focused on digital innovation. By exploring the effect of disruptive technologies within media, health, music, and employment, they help readers to take their next steps into the digital future

This book includes evolution, planning, development, implementation and practical implications of diversified development practices around the world, focusing on socio-economic empowerment and regional developments through ICTs; it provides recommendations, success cases and failures of those practices that can be taken into consideration for future project preparation - Provided by publisher

This paper examines the issue of measuring logistics costs from an applied trade policy research perspective, as well as identifying logistics-intensive sectors. It focuses on currently available data at the macro-and firm-levels. This paper has two main aims. First, it provides a first overview of currently available data relevant to logistics, and suggests some preliminary applications. The second objective of this paper is to frame the issue of logistics cost measurement and data collection in terms of the types of inputs needed for applied trade policy research. The paper is organized as follows. The next section presents an overview of possible directions in applied trade policy research using logistics data. Section three examines existing data sources that can be used to measure domestic logistics costs, focusing on the national accounts, input-output tables, price comparisons, and firm-level data. Section four presents a new methodology for measuring international trade costs, and identifies the proportion of those costs due to logistics. Section five uses input-output data to identify logistics-intensive sectors in a range of countries. Section six concludes. This paper has explored a number of different data sources and methodologies in an effort to move forward on the analysis of logistics costs from a trade policy research perspective. In the future, it will be important to distinguish between data collection efforts that are industry-driven-such as estimates of total logistics costs in Gross Domestic Product (GDP)-and those that are research-driven. Moving further in this direction will help fuel research that identifies sectors in particular countries that are most sensitive to improvements in logistics performance, and which therefore will tend to expand relative to other sectors in the face of logistics sector reforms. From a policy and political economy point of view, it will be important to identify such sectors and make them aware of the potential role logistics can play in facilitating their growth.

I here respond to several points in Faucher and Machery's vigorous and informative critique of my volitional account of racism (VAR). First, although the authors deem it a form of "implicit racial bias," a mere tendency to associate black people with "negative" concepts falls short of racial "bias" or prejudice in the relevant sense. Second, such an associative disposition need not even be morally objectionable. Third, even for more substantial forms of implicit racial bias such as race-based fear or disgust, Faucher and Machery offer no account or explanation of when we should consider these racist, in whom, in what respect(s), or why. So, findings of implicit racial bias pose no clear objection to VAR. Fourth, because VAR allows not only racial hate, but also callous indifference, disdain, and other forms of racially driven disregard, to be racist,VAR is not "psychologically monist." Fifth, as VAR allows racist attitudes to be immoral in more than one way, offending against both the moral virtues of benevolence and justice, VAR is not "morally monist" either. I also reveal problems with some of Faucher and Machery's other claims: Faucher and Machery take too narrow a conception of the types of psychology that can contribute to understanding racism; the internal complexity of hatred, which they approvingly mention, is irrelevant to VAR's truth and undermines part of their criticism of VAR; whether some forms of racial bias are "racial ills" is irrelevant to VAR, which only analyzes racism; over-attention to implicit racial bias may cloak or exacerbate some of our society's racial ills, or even constitute a new one. I conclude by noting that Faucher and Machery are not just critics of VAR but also allies of VAR in important controversies against those who insist racism lies primarily in social structures and institutions.