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The love of the dead : heroic love and heroic masculinity in the Prose Lancelot / Peggy McCracken -- On the male urge : masculinity in Rabelais and Brantôme / David LaGuardia -- Is Alceste a physiognomist? : toward a masculinity of reference in the seventeenth century / Jeffrey N. Peters -- The emperor's new clothes : display, cover-up, and exposure in modern masculinity / Margaret Waller -- What does a man want? : masculinity and storytelling in Barbey d'Aurevilly's Le plus bel amour de Don Juan / Philip G. Hadlock -- Colette and androcentrism / Lawrence R. Schehr -- Hauntological mater and Sartre's family romance / Lawrence D. Kritzman -- Ordeals of pain (concerning Henri Alleg's La question) / Ross Chambers -- Idyllic masculinity and national allegory : unbecoming men and anticolonial resistance in Camara Laye's L'enfant noir / Jarrod Hayes -- The queerness of male group friendship / David Caron

Defence date: 15 April 2019 ; Examining Board: Professor Stéphane Van Damme, European University Institute; Professor Laura Downs, European University Institute; Professor Catherine Tackley, University of Liverpool; Professor Pap Ndiaye, SciencesPo ; This thesis examines black music circulation in the urban spaces of London and Paris. It shows the complexity of the evolutionary processes of black musical genres, which occurred during the late imperial period (1920s-1950s) within the urban music scenes of two imperial metropolises, and how they played an important role on the entertainment circuit. Both cities functioned as sites of crossfertilisation for genres of music that were co-produced in a circulation between empires and Europe. Musicians of various origins met in the urban spaces of the two cities. The convergence and intermingling of musical cultures that musicians had brought with them produced new sounds. This process was influenced by a minority group (blacks), but had a significant and lasting influence on the musical world. By creating an historical account of the encounters and exchanges between people of different origins within the music scenes, this thesis examines music development and the complexity of processes of racialisation according to their historical locality and meaning. Using a variety of sources including police reports, government documents, interviews, guidebooks and newspapers, this work contributes to widen the perspective of historical studies on music developments, emphasising their social and spatial dimensions, which are fundamental for the exploration of music scenes, in general, and for the spread of black genres of music in particular. Black music styles spread internationally, but were produced in several specific locations where music industry infrastructure was developing. In the urban spaces of the music scenes of London and Paris social networks were formed by various actors - both blacks and whites - and were crucial for music production and reception; different perceptions of blackness, processes of competition, and debates on authenticity emerged; and processes of regulation and negotiation underpinned the intervention of public authorities. ; Chapter 4 'Black Music Styles as Vehicles for Trans-racial Interplay: Practices of Learning, Perceptions of Blackness and Commercialisation of Music' of the PhD thesis draws upon an earlier version published as an article "Black Music Styles as Vehicles for Transnational and Trans-Racial Exchange: Perceptions of Blackness in the Music Scenes of London and Paris (1920s-1950s)," (2017) in the journal 'Zapruder world'

Socialisation theories have traditionally focused on how children are socialised in a rather unidirectional manner, according to a transmission model. However, more recent research and theories show that children are not just passive recipients, but active agents in their socialisation process. At the same time, children are subordinated to adult control. In school, they are regimented and involuntarily subjected to mass routines, discipline and control. The aim of this study was to explore and give a voice to pupils' critical thinking about school rules and their teachers' behaviour in relation to these rules. Ethnographic fieldwork and group interviews with students were conducted in two Swedish primary schools. The findings show that pupils criticise some school rules, distrust teachers' explanations of particular school rules, perceive some school rules and teachers' interventions as unfair and inconsistent, perceive no power over the construction of school rules, and express false acceptance and hidden criticism. The findings are discussed in terms of hidden curriculum, power, mentality resistance, democracy, participation and democratic citizenship education.

The article overviews the earliest Pashto texts, mostly poetic, in which the incipient forms of literary criticism can be traced as authorial self-reflections related in Persian classics to the self-praise genre (fakhriyya) and explanations of reasons for composing works (sabab-i taʾlīf). Under close examination are the seventeenth century verses of the poets affiliated with the Roshānī religious community and the writings of Khushḥāl Khān Khaṫak (d. 1689). Analyzed texts prove that through the rudimentary discourse on a variety of literary criticism topics, Pashtun authors of early modern times declared and justified the presence of emerging literature in Pashto within the Persophone cultural space of Mughal India, articulating simultaneously their commitment to the proliferation of literacy and Islamic book culture among their countrymen.

RESUMEN1. Introducción – 2. La teoría clásica de la tiranía y la metafísica pre-moderna – 3. Las luchas sociopolíticas modernas y la ruptura de la metafísica clásica – 4. La sociedad actual y la extinción de las posibilidades revolucionarias – 5. La política actual y el cinismo imperante – 6. El Estado actual y el agotamiento de sus posibilidades progresistas – 7. Palabras finales. Bibliografía. ABSTRACT1. Introduction -2. The classical tyranny theory and the pre-modern metaphysic -3. The socio-political modern struggles and the rupture of classic metaphysic -4. The contemporary society and the extinction of revolutionary possibilities -5. The contemporary politics and the prevailing cynicism -6. The contemporary State and exhausting its progressists possibilities -7. Finals words. -Bibliography.

The purpose of this essay is to deepen philosophical and critical issues related to the 'literary Ego' by articulating the conceptual and theoretical premises of a contemporary corpus. To date, the subject of my study lacks a relative critical literature which is epistemologically developed starting from the philosophical component. In the essay, a thematic reading of the materials relating to the literary subject was actualised, which led to the development of an equally comparative-formal and theoretical-literary discourse. What has been deduced is a character of profound interconnection between the insights offered by reading the essence of the 'literary Ego' as an empirical and phenomenological res. In conclusion, an attempt was made to highlight the concreteness of this character, which offers the starting point for further studies.

For hundreds of years, the Eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus has been subjected to the — not always welcome — attentions of external powers, finally gaining some independence from Britain in 1960. Since then, Cyprus has been the object of three international crises, almost leading to war between NATO members Greece and Turkey. Following a Turkish invasion and occupation which continues to the present, tensions have continued, while Turkey continues to occupy over one-third of Cyprus, an EU member, while trying itself to gain entry to the organisation. Papers released by British government departments in January 2008 reveal the following: an increasingly submissive yet tetchy attitude in British foreign policy formulation vis-à-vis American pressure (mainly Kissinger) on Britain not to leave Cyprus; the question of the USA financing the British bases; British government criticism of Turkey's perceived intransigence in finding a solution to the Cyprus conundrum; British government criticism of Turkey's position on its continental-shelf dispute with Greece; Britain's strong support for Turkey's European aspirations, flying in the face of the Parliamentary Select Committee on Cyprus' recommendations; past and future President Clerides' seeming contentedness with the British military presence on Cyprus; and a marked difference between French and British views. The article concludes that the British government submitted to US demands and suggests that Cyprus remains a cat's paw of big-power politics.

ABSTRACT This paper aims (a) to explain the mechanisms from which the problem of reswitching of techniques is formulated and (b) to analyze the implications with regard to the general architecture of neoclassical macroeconomics. I will show how these elements allow refuting the neoclassical theory of income distribution, and why they translate into structural instability. In the first part, I will explain the mechanisms that correspond to the problem of reswitching of techniques; in the second part, I will study the implications linked to the reswitching, with regard to the determinants of income distribution and the equilibrium stability.