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Arturo Guillén R.: The effects of the global economic crisis in Latin America. - S. 187-202 Angel Asensio: Macroeconomic trouble and policy challenges in the wake of the financial bust. - S. 203-216 Flávio Vilela Vieira: The new international financial crisis: causes, consequences and perspectives. - S. 217-237

AbstractDespite a relatively healthy financial sector, the Japanese economy contracted 6.3% in 2009 during the global financial crisis (GFC) after the Lehman shock, the starkest drop among the OECD countries. Since then, the Japanese economy has been slow to recover, although the Japanese government has implemented multiple economic stimulus packages with a high aggregate value.By tracing the Japanese government's response to the GFC in the critical months of October 2008 through the end of 2009, this study argues that the Japanese government failed to manage the crisis decisively due to institutional constraints derived, ironically, from the experiences that Japan gained from a series of financial crises in the 1990s and 2000s. Financial crisis fatigue constrained the supply of Japan's fiscal and monetary measures against the GFC and slowed political response. Furthermore, it made Japanese society unresponsive to these measures.

Using eight annual household surveys for the Netherlands between 2006 and 2013, we find that respondents' personal adverse financial crisis experiences do not only reduce their trust in banks, but also have an immediate negative effect on generalized trust. Respondents who were customers of a bank that ran into problems have less trust in banks than respondents without this experience. Respondents who were customer of a bank that failed have a significantly stronger decline of generalized trust than other respondents. Our results also suggest that personal financial crisis experiences do not have a significant direct effect on trust in the banking supervisor.

Treating the money as "under-way-contracts", or "under-executed contracts", the author describes its properties as an economic good. It is shown that the money is a private good with valuable externalities, i.e. a merit good. From this fact the necessity of financial markets state regulation oriented at minimizing negative externalities by restriction of using the most risky contracts is drawn.

Six years after the outbreak of the financial crisis that had shaken the global financial system, experts and analysts all over the world continue discussing the effectiveness, scope and adequacy of mechanisms and measures implemented in the meantime, as well as the adequacy of the underlying theoretical concept. A global consent has been reached on ensuring financial stability through the interaction of monetary, fiscal and prudential policy to ensure the necessary macroprudential dimension of regulatory and supervisory frameworks. The USA crisis spilled over to Europe. Strong support of governments to bail out banks quickly resulted in sovereign debt crises in some peripheral EU Member States. Fiscal insolvency of these countries strongly shook the EU and increased doubts in the monetary union survival. The European Union stood united to defend the euro and responded strongly with a new complex and comprehensive financial stability framework. This supranational framework is a counterpart to the global financial stability framework created by the G20 member countries. Starting from the specific features of the monetary policy whose capacities are determined by euroisation, available instruments and resources for preventive supervisory activities, as well as the role of the government in crisis management, Montenegro created a framework for maintaining financial stability and prescribed fostering and maintaining financial stability as the main objective of the Central Bank of Montenegro.

The financial crisis has opened up a global debate on the taxation of the financial sector. A number of international policy initiatives, most notably by the G20, have called for major changes in the tax treatment of financial institutions and transactions as well as individuals working in the financial sector. This book examines how tax policies contributed to the financial crisis and whether taxation can play a role in the reform efforts under way to establish a sounder and safer financial system. The book looks at the pros and cons of various tax initiatives, including limiting the tax advantages to debt financing, special taxes on the financial sector and financial transactions taxes.

The relation between demand and supply at the world markets has to be balanced involving their mutual concordance with the amount of money. Although, there should be more money and loans than there are international trade and services which guarantees sustainable growth without recessions, depressions and crises. Aberrations from such basic market laws cause recession. Present recession is the consequence of long lasting violation of basic economic law. Banking, finance, marketing and stock markets are out of control trying to satisfy corporate and political desires. Loans were given which contributed to excessive demand. Technological development provided large series of products. The economy volume was not in compliance with market laws. Marketing asked for greater consumption. Distribution of material goods was not equal, so the buying power of undeveloped countries stayed at the relatively low level. Therefore, growth rate of world economy fell. Danger of crash of investment banks and stock markets after violating economic relations is not doubtful. Domicile countries of big banking and economy systems are trying to protect them by investing from their own sources. And the consequences of current recession are poor globalization process led by rich countries and stoppage of economical growth of poor Asian and African countries. Consequences of world financial crisis will not leave out banks from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Even though banks from Bosnia and Herzegovina are still not in the credit system of world banks, which would be an additional burden to the current crisis, it will reflect indirectly small countries as well as Bosnia and Herzegovina. ; ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?? ????????? ????????? ???? ???? ???????????, ????????????????? ?? ?? ? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?? ????????? ?????. ????? ? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????, ????????? ? ?????. ????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ??????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??????. ??????????, ?????????, ????? ? ????????? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ? ???????????? ?????????????? ? ?????????? ??????????. ?????????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? "???????????". ?????????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ????????? ???????? ? ??????? ????????. ????????? ????? ???? ???? ? ??????????? ?? ???????? ????????. ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????????. ?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ???? ???????????, ?? ?? ??????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????. ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????. ???????? ??, ????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????, ???????? ???????????? ????? ? ????? ???? ??????????. ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????????? ??????. ???????? ?????? ????????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????. ????????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ? ???????????. ???? ????? ????? ? ??????????? ???? ???? ? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ?????, ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ????? ?? ???? ?????, ?? ? ????? ? ???????????.