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Contemporary deep-reaching changes – whether in financial or real economy, in Europe's political conditions, in the context of scientific theories, in the field of global (environmental) security, or gender relations – are also a challenge to philosophy. The volume comprises cutting-edge scholarly articles from renowned philosophers with various geographical backgrounds and from different philosophical strands. Next to investigating general questions as to the relation of philosophy and critique (What is philosophical critique and which philosophical concepts of critique are of importance today? Where do we need it most? Where are its limits?), the articles focus on issues like theories of democracy and modes of election; the roles of emotions in the political realm; challenges from a widespread discontent in society to politics and science; changes to social identities and different theoretical approaches to social identity formation. The book is indispensable for all who are interested in what contemporary philosophy has to say on crucial issues of our time

Frontmatter -- Table of Contents -- Introduction -- Can You Have My Pain? -- Wittgenstein's On Certainty and Relativism -- Wittgenstein and Free Will -- Wittgenstein's Last Writings -- Analytic and Continental Philosophy: From Duality Through Plurality to (Some Kind of) Unity -- For Analytic Phenomenology -- Towards a New Foundationalist Turn in Philosophy: Transcending the Analytic-Continental Divide -- Two Phenomenological Accounts of Intuition -- Imagination and 4E Cognition: An Analytic-Continental Exchange -- Intuition und Argumentation – zum Verhältnis von intuitiver und diskursiver Vernunft -- Truth against Reason, and Reason against Truth -- Don't beep me, bro'! – A Worry About Introspection -- Metaphysical and Phenomenological Perspectives on Habituality and the Naturalization of the Mind -- Embodied Knowledge – Embodied Memory -- Panpsychism in the First Person -- What Is It Like to Be an Angel? -- Do Group Persons have Emotions – or Should They? -- Collective Intentionality and the Collective Person in Max Scheler -- Being Well Together – Aristotle on Joint Activity and Common Sense -- Pretence and the Inner. Reflections on Expressiveness and the Experience of Self and Other -- Socialization, Reflection, and Personhood -- 'Vaulting Ambition' – Machiavelli's Emtpy and Impure Concepts -- The Distinction between Objective and Subjective Standards in the Criminal Law -- Gibt es einen kantianischen Intuitionismus in der Ethik? -- Sensibility and Values Toward a Phenomenological Theory of the Emotional Life -- Stolz und Vorurteil. Über einige Schwierigkeiten der ethischen Selbstbewertung -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects

This volume presents different conceptions of logic and mathematics and discuss their philosophical foundations and consequences. This concerns first of all topics of Wittgenstein's ideas on logic and mathematics; questions about the structural complexity of propositions; the more recent debate about Neo-Logicism and Neo-Fregeanism; the comparison and translatability of different logics; the foundations of mathematics: intuitionism, mathematical realism, and formalism. The contributing authors are Matthias Baaz, Francesco Berto, Jean-Yves Beziau, Elena Dragalina-Chernya, Günther Eder, Susan Edwards-McKie, Oliver Feldmann, Juliet Floyd, Norbert Gratzl, Richard Heinrich, Janusz Kaczmarek, Wolfgang Kienzler, Timm Lampert, Itala Maria Loffredo D'Ottaviano, Paolo Mancosu, Matthieu Marion, Felix Mühlhölzer, Charles Parsons, Edi Pavlovic, Christoph Pfisterer, Michael Potter, Richard Raatzsch, Esther Ramharter, Stefan Riegelnik, Gabriel Sandu, Georg Schiemer, Gerhard Schurz, Dana Scott, Stewart Shapiro, Karl Sigmund, William W. Tait, Mark van Atten, Maria van der Schaar, Vladimir Vasyukov, Jan von Plato, Jan Woleński and Richard Zach