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Gifts, from objects to hospitality and from poems to support, are a means of establishing and maintaining social ties. This study focuses on the nature of seventeenth- century Dutch social relations through the exchange of gifts by a wide range of individuals, from schoolmaster and artisan to poet and regent. Their gift-exchange behaviour is compared to contemporary gift exchange to show that both strategy and affection are necessary elements of social relations at any given time, and that what changes most is not the system but the discourse of exchange. - Geschenken, in de breedste zin van het woord van objecten tot gastvrijheid en van gedichten tot steun, zijn een middel om sociale relaties tot stand te brengen en te onderhouden. In dit boek wordt de aard van zeventiende-eeuwse sociale relaties onderzocht aan de hand van het geschenkgedrag van een aantal individuen, zoals schoolmeester Beck, ambachtsman Verbeeck, dichter Hooft en stadhouder Willem Frederik. Een vergelijking met twintigste-eeuws geschenkgedrag toont aan dat niet de praktijk van geschenkrelaties is veranderd, maar de manier waarop men erover hoort te praten. Dit verklaart het veelal strategische beeld dat men nu over zeventiende-eeuwse relaties heeft.

Radio broadcasting may seem old-fashioned nowadays, but early radio infrastructures and programs in Europe were the real social media of their time. They laid the foundation for how we experience European unification and global interconnectedness today. This timely volume takes you on a tour through the early days of broadcasting. Rarely studied sources from international organizations reveal a wide variety of new actors, activities, and debates that jointly shaped broadcasting and society institutions. These stories often remain underexposed in histories of technology, broadcasting, and Europe. Europe - on Air illustrates how people in broadcasting were debating issues ranging from institutionalizing radio to wireless and wired network construction. This book specifically acknowledges how the rivalries were solved between various systems like Radio Luxembourg and the International Broadcasting Union, the attempts to save Europe's civilization amid the chaos of war and peace, and the creation and distribution of truly international programs as early as 1926. The people involved in these transnational broadcasting efforts had some crucial decisions to make in order to actively contribute to European unification. - Radio mag tegenwoordig een ouderwets medium lijken, het was de social media van vroeger. Radio-uitzendingen legden een basis voor Europese eenwording en zorgden voor een wereldwijde verspreiding van informatie en muziek. Europe- On Air bestudeert de begindagen van radio. Zelden onderzochte bronnen laten een verscheidenheid aan nieuwe actoren, activiteiten en debatten zien, die het medium radio vorm gaven. In Europe- On Air wordt, onder andere, aandacht besteed aan institutionalisering van radio, de vorming van een uitzendnetwerk, en aan de manier waarop verschillen tussen verschillende radiosystemen, zoals die van Radio Luxemburg en de International Broadcasting Union, werden opgelost. Ook wordt gekeken hoe radio bijdroeg aan het behoud van de Europese beschaving in en na de oorlogsjaren, en hoe in de begindagen van radio de allereerste echte internationale programma's tot stand kwamen.

Although vastly influential in German-speaking Europe, conceptual history (Begriffsgeschichte) has until now received little attention in English. This genre of intellectual history differs from both the French history of mentalités and the Anglophone history of discourses by positing the concept - the key occupier of significant syntactical space - as the object of historical investigation. Contributions by distinguished practitioners and critics of conceptual history from Europe and America illustrate both the distinctiveness and diversity of the genre. The first part of the book is devoted to the origins and identity of the field, as well as methodological issues. Part two presents exemplary studies focusing either on a particular concept (such as Maurizio Viroli's 'Reason of the State') or a particular approach to conceptual history (e.g. Bernard Scholz for literary criticism and Terence Ball for political science). The final, most innovative section of the book looks at concepts and art - high, bourgeois and demotic. Here Bram Kempers discusses the conceptual history of Raphael's frescos in the Stanza della Segnatura of the Vatican; Eddy de Jongh examines the linguistic character of much Dutch genre painting; and Rolf Reichardt considers the conceptual structure implicit in card games of the French Revolution, used to induct those on the margins of literacy into the new revolutionary world-view. - Hoewel enorm invloedrijk in Duitstalig Europa, heeft de conceptuele geschiedschrijving (Begriffsgeschichte) tot nu toe weinig aandacht in het Engels gekregen. Dit genre van intellectuele geschiedschrijving verschilt van zowel de Franse geschiedschrijving van mentalités als de Engelstalige geschiedschrijving van verhandelingen door het concept. Aan de hand van practische voorbeelden in de geschiedschrijving wordt deze vorm toegelicht door Bram Kempers, Eddy de Jongh en Rolf Reichardt

This volume about religious tolerance in early modern Brazil comprises two articles. Jonathan Israel, in his contribution, argues that Dutch tolerance in Brazil was unprecedented in the seventeenth century. Catholics and particularly Jews were given freedom of conscience and freedom of private worship in accordance with Dutch guide-lines. Stuart Schwartz, in his article, demonstrates that religious toleration in Dutch Brazil was not exclusively the domain of the Dutch. The Portuguese also widely approved of tolerance at grassroots level, accepting an individual's preference to follow his own path to salvation. - Voor het eerst richten twee internationaal zeer vooraanstaande historici zich specifiek op vraagstukken van religie en tolerantie in Nederlands-Brazilië in de zeventiende eeuw. Jonathan Israel betoogt in zijn bijdrage dat de veelgeprezen Nederlandse tolerantie in de zeventiende eeuw nergens ruimer was dan juist in deze kolonie,waar katholieken en vooral joden grote geloofsvrijheid genoten. Stuart Schwartz toont in zijn artikel aan dat deze tolerantie niet exclusief was voorbehouden aan de Nederlanders. Ook de Portugezen in Brazilië accepteerden de verschillende individuele vormen van religieuze beleving. De bijdragen van Jonathan Israel en Stuart Schwartz zijn voorgedragen op het symposium Dutch Brazil 1604-1654- 2004 in juni 2004. Dit symposium is georganiseerd door het CEDLA (Centre for Latin American Research and Documentation) en het Amsterdams Centrum voor de Studie van de Gouden Eeuw ter ere van het 400ste geboortejaar van Johan Maurits van Nassau- Siegen, en ter nagedachtenis van de verovering van Nederlands-Brazilië door de Portugezen, 350 jaar geleden.

Shipping list no.: 99-0157-P. ; Cover title. ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 2). ; Mode of access: Internet.

Since 1957 the Film Museum in Amsterdam has been in possession of the Desmet Collection which contains the estate of the Dutch cinema owner and film distributor Jean Desmet (1875-1956). The collection comprises almost nine hundred European and American films in all genres, a collection of publicity material and a dauntingly large business archive. These three sources form the basis of this first comprehensive reconstruction of Desmet's career: from his nomadic beginnings as a traveling showman, working the seasonal fairgrounds of the Netherlands and Belgium, to his successful switch to permanent cinema operation and film distribution. The history of Desmet's career offers not simply an abstract of an individual character and his personal ambitions and motivations, but also epitomizes transformations in the world of cinema as an industry. Between 1907 and 1916 the world of cinema experienced radical structural change which Desmet not only witnessed but also helped to bring about. Given the insufficiencies of Dutch film production, Desmet became a link between film production abroad and film exhibition in the Netherlands. Desmet is not merely representative of the rise of the permanent movie house and the coming of the film distributor. This book shows how his fortunes also encapsulate a series of structural changes within the new culture of permanent cinema and film distribution. In film distribution these changes embraced the introduction of film rental, the advent of the long feature film, the introduction of the monopoly distribution system and the periodic transformation of the products on offer. In the business of cinema operation change involved specialization, the creation of fixed theater venues, the development of a theater hierarchy, expansions of scale, the introduction of trade journals and the gradual legitimization of cinema as a popular cultural institution. These transformations were not confined to the Netherlands but were also taking place in the rest of Europe. Indeed, they were first set in motion by other European countries, and in order fully to understand Desmet it is necessary to situate him in his larger European context. In this original and wide-ranging study Ivo Blom uses the career of Jean Desmet as a means of exploring the history of cinema from the ground-level position of film distribution and exhibition. His copiously illustrated and scrupulously documented exposition swells into an epic narrative that offers a richer, more rounded -indeed 'truer' - account of early urban cinema culture than is possible from the confined perspective of production-based film histories. - De levensloop van de Nederlandse bioscoopeigenaar en filmdistributeur Jean Desmet (1875-1956) biedt niet alleen inzicht in een excentrieke persoonlijkheid, maar staat ook model voor de veranderingen in de filmwereld als geheel. Door buitenlandse filmproducties voor vertoning naar Nederland te brengen leverde Desmet een substantiële bijdrage aan de radicale veranderingen die tussen 1907 en 1916 plaatsvonden in de filmindustrie. Het Filmmuseum in Amsterdam is sinds 1957 in het bezit van de Desmet-verzameling waarin de nalatenschap van deze excentrieke filmliefhebber bewaard is gebleven. Dit materiaal vormde het uitgangspunt van deze originele studie waarin Ivo Blom aan de hand van Desmet's levensverhaal de geschiedenis van de filmdistributie en -vertoning vertelt. Zijn rijk geïllustreerde en grondig gedocumenteerde uiteenzetting is uitgegroeid tot een episch verhaal dat - meer dan een productie-georienteerde geschiedenis - een rijk en afgerond beeld schetst van de vroege stadse filmcultuur.

This volume presents new topics from Chinese history of the last 1400 years from a broad range of fields such as politics, religion, society, economy and culture. The refreshing eight articles give new insights on events as different as the inter-religious court debates of the Tang, the Jiaqing reform of the Qing, the China display on the Chicago World Fair in 1893, Christianity and state-building in Chaozhou, the Taiwan salt trade, Chinese indentured labour in World War I in France, China's rise and current internet regulation. This book highlights the complexity of multi-level interaction of different agents in the center and periphery of China, inside and outside China, contributing to intellectual debates, political and social dynamics, economy structure, modernization, identity building and interaction with the outside. - Dit boek biedt een verfrissende kijk op 1400 jaar Chinese geschiedenis. In acht artikelen worden politieke, religieuze, maatschappelijke economische en culturele geschiedenis tegen het licht gehouden. Uiteenlopende ontwikkelingen komen aan bod, van de interreligieuze rechtbankdebatten van de Tang-dynastie, de Jiaging reformatie van de Qing-dynastie tot China's opkomst en de huidige internetgeneratie.