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Der Beitrag leitet in den Sammelband ein, der sich mit dem Management von Migration und Integration auseinandersetzt. Zunächst umreißt der Beitrag den thematischen Schwerpunkt und bezieht zur Begriffsauswahl "Migrationsmanagement" Stellung. Im Gegensatz zu einer wirtschaftsliberalen und einer rechtspopulistischen Position beziehen die Herausgeber eine sozialinklusive Position und formulieren ein Verständnis von Migrationsmanagement als Integrationsmanagement mit Einsatz sozialstaatlicher Ressourcen und Instrumente. Der Beitrag erläutert abschließend diese den Sammelband leitende Position. (ICB2)

This paper examines migrant-integration policies and outcomes in Austria and California, with a special focus on recently arrived low-skilled migrants. Unlike native-born workers, who form a broad diamond shape when arrayed by their level of education to reflect the large share who have completed secondary school but did not earn university degrees, foreign-born workers have more of an hourglass or barbell shape, including some who have more than a first university degree and many who have not completed secondary school. Austria promotes a stepwise approach to the labor market integration of recently arrived refugees, viz, language and skills training before employment, under the theory that investing in people first will raise their long-run earnings. California expects newly arrived migrants to use family and social networks to find jobs and housing to support themselves without government assistance.

A challenge facing countries with an ageing population is how to retain a larger proportion of older workers in the work force while at the same time maintaining productivity growth - the latter being a necessary condition for economic sustainability of globalised economies. Apart from conventional prejudice about the ability of older workers, a low employment rate of older workers is the result of a number of socio-economic and institutional factors, some bearing on incentives, others on skill requirements. Health issues also feature in excluding older workers from the workforce prematurely. Appropriate government, management and other institutional initiatives are called for to sustain productive employment in an ageing society. The paper deals with the relevant issues in the context of statistical data featuring labour market participation, employment characteristics, employer practices, education and training and health matters, all mainly focussed on older workers. These issues are analysed in a comparative study of Austria and Australia. Both countries face global competition as well as an ageing population. However, their institutional settings differ. Further, while in Austria the ethos of social partnership is well entrenched, in Australia managerial prerogatives have strengthened in the context of greatly weakened unionism. The paper identifies similarities and differences in the experiences of the two countries. These raise questions about appropriate initiatives to deal with the specific problems of an ageing workforce in the two countries.

Literaturverz. S. 53 - 54

Anhand qualitativen Befragungen von Unterstützungseinrichtungen, Betrieben und MigrantInnen analysiert der Beitrag die Rolle und Situation von Angeboten, Maßnahmen und Strukturen bei der Integration von MigrantInnen in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft in Oberösterreich und der Region Linz-Wels. Der Beitrag beschreibt verschiedene NGOs, Vereine und die Rolle der öffentlichen Hand inklusive der Bildungseinrichtungen. Des Weiteren betrachtet der Beitrag die Vernetzung und die Integrationsmodelle in den Betrieben sowie Defizite beim Diversity-Management. Aus den detaillierten Analysen werden schließlich Schlussfolgerungen und Handlungsempfehlungen für den erfolgreichen Umgang mit Vielfalt gezogen. (ICB2).