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Information Exchange Between Competitors in EU Competition Law' is a pioneering book furnishing in-depth analysis on the challenging topic of EU competition law. Competing firms often exchange information to make more informed market decisions which can help to overcome market inefficiencies. However, an abundance of legal and economic research as well as case law has shown that information exchange may also enable firms to engage in collusion more readily and sustain it longer. This all-inclusive book focuses on ?pure? information exchanges ? exchanges that are not ancillary to a broader pro-competitive or anticompetitive conduct ? and thoroughly explains the characteristics of such information exchanges, their pro-competitive and anticompetitive effects and discusses all the relevant legal aspects for their assessment. The author offers a robust analytical framework for assessing information exchanges under Article 101 TFEU, focusing on the risk of collusive outcomes and types of information exchange that are particularly harmful

This book contains revised versions of papers presented on scientific workshop Modeling Multi-commodity Trade: Information exchange methods, which took place in November 2010 at Warsaw University of Technology. It summarizes results of the research work supported so far by scientific grant Methods and architectures of information interchange for electronic trade on infrastructural markets (see page xi), and some earlier research work on multi-commodity markets modeling. Though partial results of the research were published earlier, the book gives the most complete view on results of our research in the field of modeling the trade on complex multi-commodity infrastructural markets.

Abstract We use social network analysis to test the hypothesis that group ideology affects information exchange among environmental groups. The analysis is based on interviews with leaders of 136 environmental groups in Alabama. This paper adds to the literature on resource mobilization among social movement organizations by exploring information exchange among a wide range of environmental groups across an entire state, and by incorporating ideology into our analysis. A typology of environmental groups was developed based on willingness to engage or not engage in political and legal activism to pursue their goals. We found a level of information exchange between activist groups twice that among all other groups. We also found that differing ideological profiles did not limit the flow of information between groups, taken as a whole. We conclude that the relatively high level of connectivity is attributable in part to the presence of paid staff among several key activist groups, making these groups important resources for technical and non‐technical support for all groups across the state.

Cross-border information exchange became more relevant a few decades ago, when organised crime, moving "in the rhythm of time"4, identified globalisation and the facilitated movement of persons as an opportunity for new criminal markets. It was especially perceived in the EU and the Schengen zone with the establishment of the free movement of persons, goods, capital and services, the abolition of internal borders and the introduction of a single currency in the majority of the Member States. Notwithstanding, these negative side effects have not been led automatically by their antidote – the free movement of investigation and prosecution. Actions of law enforcement, prosecution and judicial authorities remained limited to state territory; this meant a high probability of impunity in the case of transnational crimes. ; Programa Oficial de Doctorado en Derecho ; Presidente: Víctor Moreno Catena; Secretario: Sabela Oubiña Barbolla; Vocal: Luis Valles Causada

Sharing accurate and timely supply and demand information throughout a supply chain can yield significant performance improvements to all members of the supply chain. Despite the benefits, many firms are reluctant to share information with their supply chain partners due to an unequal distribution of risks, costs, and benefits among the partners. Thus, incentive mechanisms must be in place to induce communication, cooperation, and collaboration among all members of a supply chain. The issue of information exchange/sharing has been examined by various researchers over the last 15-20 years. However, there is no research book that compiles various approaches, analyses, key implications, as well as future development of this area. This book will serve as a handbook for researchers who are interested in learning the state of the art of the line of research in this area and explore open research topics in this area. Chapter authors, all leading researchers, have contributed 18 chapters broken into four distinct sections covering the Value of Information Sharing, Contracting and Information, Information Signaling, and Incentives for Information Sharing.

What is a party? This article presents the argument that rmal party apparatus is only one part of an extended network of interest groups, media, other advocacy organizations and candidates. The authors have measured a portion of this network in the United States systematically by tracking lists of names transferred between political organizations. Two distinct and polarized networks are revealed, which correspond to a more liberal Democratic group and a more conservative Republican group. Formal party organizations, like the Democratic National Committee and the Republican National Committee, tend to receive information within their respective networks, which suggests that other groups serve to funnel information towards the formal party.

The main objective of the paper is to identify the degree to which Social Networking Sites (SNSs) are used in communication related to gathering information about products via mobile devices (mobile communication). The research problem is presented in the context of Computer Mediated Communication theory (CMC). In the realisation of the main purpose of this paper, an attempt has been made to answer two research questions: firstly, is there a relationship between types of products and the frequency of gathering and conveying information about them via SNSs? Secondly, what role do mobile devices play in this communication? A comprehensive literature study has been complemented with an empirical research, conducted in four countries – China, Poland, the United States and Turkey. Two research methods: PAPI (Paper and Pen Personal Interview) and CAWI (Computer Assisted Web Interview) were used in the empirical research. The research showed a significant use of mobile devices (i.e. smartphones and tablets) in communication (gathering and conveying information about products) via SNSs, especially in relation to products such as electronic devices as well as clothes and footwear.

If we were to draw up a list of ingredients that a country would need to develop a sustainable future for itself, that list would begin with things like permanent peace, security, political will, technology and, of course, adequate financial resources. However, not very far down that list would be access to the information needed to plan and manage for sustainable development. In fact over 170 governments strongly voiced this need at the 1992 UNCED World Summit when they added to the action plan, the famous Agenda 21, Chapter 40 calling upon government and international organizations to improve the global availability of information needed for sustainable development planning. research and management.