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The fifth session of the Metal Trades Committee of the International Labor Organization (ILO) was held in Geneva from October 25 to November 5, 1954, under the chairmanship of Mr. E. C. Puig (Mexico). Representatives of 20 countries and the United Nations, as well as observers from a number of non-governmental organizations, attended the session, at which the following three agenda items were considered: 1) a general report, dealing with steps taken by various countries and the ILO Office in the light of actions of previous sessions of the Committee and recent events and developments in the metal trades; 2) regularization of production and employment at a high level in the metal trades; and 3) methods of labor-management cooperation in metal-working plants. In the matter of labor-management relations, the Committee adopted, by 91 votes to 11, a memorandum concerning practical methods of labor-management cooperation, intended as a guide to employers and workers, which outlined matters suitable for joint consultation and suggested some guiding organizational principles and methods of cooperation. In the memorandum on the regularization of production and employment, adopted by the Committee by 71 votes to 33 with 3 abstentions, the general principles set forth were that 1) the proper goals of social, political and economic policy were to achieve full employment and to ensure steady progress towards higher living standards, 2) the benefits of higher productivity in the metal trades should be distributed equally among labor, capital and consumers, 3) sharp economic crises resulting in widespread unemployment were avoidable through appropriate action, and 4) sustained full employment could be built only on a solid foundation of adequate consumer purchasing power, of steadily rising living standards, of greater economic stability, especially for the lower-income groups, and of rapid economic development of under-developed countries.

Intro -- Contents/Sommaire -- Articles -- Recent Developments in Tanker Control in International Law -- La Troisième Conférence sur le droit de la mer et le règlement obligatoire des différends -- Canada's Role in the Development of the Law of Armed Conflict -- Legal Limits on the Use of Force by Canadian Warships Engaged in Law Enforcement -- International Pipelines: Canada-United States -- Choice of Law Methods in the Private International Law of Contract -- Notes and Comments -- Newfoundland and the League of Nations -- The UNCTAD Code of Conduct for the International Transfer of Technology: Problems and Prospects -- Souveraineté fonctionnelle et consentement préalable: déblocage possible en droit spatial -- The Evolution of Canadian Agreements for Co-Operation in Nuclear Weapons and Technology -- A Migratory Caribou Convention -- Canadian Practice in International Law during 1979 as Reflected Mainly in Public Correspondence and Statements of the Department of External Affairs -- Canadian Practice in International Law during 1979 as Reflected in Resolutions of the House of Commons and in Government Statements in the House of Commons -- Digest of Important Canadian Cases Reported in 1979 in the Fields of Public International Law and Conflict of Laws -- Commentary on Some Treaties Signed by Canada In 1979 -- Book Reviews/Revue des Livres -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Z.

Intro -- Contents -- Articles -- The Canadian Charter of Rights and International Law -- Sommaire -- Le droit de sécession en droit international public -- Summary -- The State Immunity Act of Canada -- Sommaire -- Le partage des fréquences radio entre le Canada et les Etats-Unis: la radiodiffusion en modulation d'amplitude -- Summary -- Canada and the New International Economic Order: Some Legal Implications -- Sommaire -- Le droit international et les armes nucléaires des nouveaux Damoclès -- Summary -- Notes and Comments -- The Proposed Canada-United States Transboundary Air Pollution Agreement: The Legal Background -- Sommaire -- The Human Rights Committee and the Case of Sandra Lovelace -- Sommaire -- François Gény's Doctrine of Customary Law -- Sommaire -- Practice/La pratique -- Canadian Practice in International Law during 1981/La pratique canadienne en matière de droit international public en 1981: -- At the Department of External Affairs/Au Ministère des Affaires extérieures -- Parliamentary Declarations/Déclarations parlementaires -- Commentary on Some Treaties Signed by Canada in 1981/Commentaire sur des traités signés par le Canada en 1981 -- Cases /La jurisprudence -- Canadian Cases in International Law in 1981/La jurisprudence canadienne en matière de droit international -- Book Reviews/Revue des livres -- Index/Table alphabétique des matières.

The recovery from the 1974–75 recession in the international economy has proven to be particularly difficult to forecast. Thus while the second half of 1975 saw continuing doubts as to whether recovery was underway it became appaient by early 1976 that these doubts had been misplaced, and that a relatively rapid recovery of the International economy was in progress, particularly in the United States and In Japan. Forecasts for the second half of 1976 reflected this new found optimism. These forecasts were, however, again to be disappointed when It became apparent that an unexpected and widespread deceleration of growth was emerging as 1976 progressed, raising the spectre of further increases in unemployment. The reasons for this retreat from recovery are of particular significance to a survey of the international economy at the present time, since they bear on the question whether the deceleration of growth in 1976 lepresents a transitory period of adjustment in an international economy in which the force:; of expansion still exist or whether it indicates the growth of 1975 and early 1976 Itself to have been unsustainable.

"Wohl alle europäischen Gesellschaften sind während der vergangenen Jahrzehnte fundamentalen Veränderungen ausgesetzt gewesen, die mutmaßlich in nahezu sämtlichen Sphären des gesellschaftlichen und wirtschaftlichen Lebens zu Anpassungsprozessen geführt haben. Konzentriert man sich auf den Arbeitsmarkt als vielleicht die wichtigste Institution in modernen Gesellschaften, so hat dieser Wandel zu erhöhten Flexibilitätsanforderungen sowohl an Unternehmen als auch an Beschäftigte geführt. Wie einzelne Arbeitgeber und Arbeitnehmer auf Veränderungen auf der Makroebene reagieren, wird auch durch die institutionellen und kulturellen Rahmenbedingungen (Kontextfaktoren) beeinflusst, in die die individuellen Akteure eingebettet sind. Aufgrund unterschiedlicher, historisch gewachsener Typen von Kontextfaktoren ('Regime') ist zu erwarten, dass die Akteure in den verschiedenen europäischen Ländern unterschiedlich auf die neuen Flexibilitätsherausforderungen reagieren. In diesem Zusammenhang ist die Frage von besonderem Interesse, wie Arbeitnehmer in unterschiedlichen Ländern die Sicherheit ihres Beschäftigungsverhältnisses wahrnehmen. Unbestreitbar werden hierbei Kontextfaktoren (z.B. das Ausmaß des institutionalisierten Kündigungsschutzes, Wirtschaftswachstum) ebenso wie individuelle Determinanten (Qualifikation, Alter, Geschlecht, Erwerbsverlauf, etc.) die Angst vor dem Verlust des Arbeitsplatzes entscheidend beeinflussen. In diesem Zusammenhang gibt der Beitrag auf Basis einer quantitativen Analyse der Daten des 'European Social Survey' (ESS) 2004/2005 Antworten auf folgende Fragen: 1. Inwiefern gibt es überhaupt beobachtbare Länderunterschiede hinsichtlich des Ausmaßes der subjektiven Beschäftigungssicherheit in Europa? 2. Wie lassen sich mutmaßliche Unterschiede erklären? Sind sie auf die unterschiedlichen Sozialstrukturen innerhalb der Länder zurückzuführen? Welche Rolle spielen institutionelle und ökonomische Kontextfaktoren? Gibt es darüber hinaus Hinweise auf kulturelle Unterschiede?" (Autorenreferat)

Intro -- Contents/Sommaire -- Foreword -- Preface -- Some Main Directions of International Law -- A Canadian Perspective -- Soviet and Western International Law and the Cold War in the Era of Bipolarity -- Les eaux territoriales du Canada au regard du Droit international -- Canadian Inland Waters of the Atlantic Provinces and the Bay of Fundy Incident -- Le régime des cours d'eau internationaux -- The Trail Smelter Dispute -- The Development of International Rules Concerning Offences and Certain Other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft -- The European Economic Community and the Most-Favoured-Nation Clause -- Notes and Comments -- Analysis of the Opinion of the International Court of Justice on Certain Expenses of the United Nations -- The Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University -- Book Reviews/Revue des livres -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Z.

Intro -- Contents/Sommaire -- Articles -- The Law of Armed Conflict and the Enforcement of International Criminal -- Sommaire -- L'immunité souveraine et la coutume Internationale: de l'immunité absolue à l'immunité relative? -- The Legal Status of the Arctic Sea Ice: A Comparative Study and a Proposal -- Sommaire -- The Evolution of the Legal Regime of the Continental Shelf -- Sommaire -- The Newfoundland Offshore Mineral Rights References: An Imperfect Mingling of International and Municipal Law -- Sommaire -- Le concept de la zone économique exclusive et la Conférence Diplomatique de l'Organisation maritime internationale de 1984: les péripéties d'une négotiation -- Summary -- Notes and Comments/Notes et commentaires -- The Gulf of Maine Case -- Sommaire -- The Use of Force against Civil Aircraft: The Aftermath of the KAL Flight 007 Incident -- Sommaire -- La réclamation canadienne pour les victimes du vol KAL 007 -- Summary -- Practice /La pratique -- Canadian Practice in International Law during 1983/La pratique canadienne en matière de droit international en 1983: -- At the Department of External Affairs/ Au ministère des Affaires extérieures, compiled by/préparé par L. H. Legault -- Parliamentary Declarations/Déclarations parlementaires, compiled by/préparé par A. L. C. de Mestral -- Treaty Action Taken by Canada/Mesures prises par le Canada en matière de traités, compiled by/préparé par Jean E. Guertin -- Cases/La jurisprudence -- Canadian Cases in International Law in 1983/La jurisprudence canadienne en matière de droit international en 1983, compiled by/préparé par Joost Blom -- Book Reviews/Recensions de livres -- Analytical Index/Index analytique -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Z.

Intro -- Halftitle Page -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Acknowledgment -- 1 Introduction:Why study international relations and other basic questions -- 2 International theory, Realism, and power politics -- 3 Liberalism and building world orders -- 4 Post-positivist theories of international relations -- 5 Foreign policy -- 6 International conflict and competition -- 7 Military power and war -- 8 International law, international organization, and human rights -- 9 International trade and international production -- 10 International and global finance -- 11 International and regional integration and disintegration -- 12 Natural resources, population, and the environment -- 13 North-South gaps and old-new gaps -- 14 Economic, human, and political development -- 15 Conclusions -- Index

Le Bras, H.: Guerre et population. S. 41-58. Thual, F.: L'etendue. S. 59-64. Plihon, D.: Les bases economiques de la puissance. S. 65-74. Merlin, C.: L'education. S. 75-82. Guillen, P.: La cohesion sociale. S. 83-90. Cailleteau, F.: L'outil militaire. S. 91-98. Gourdon, H.: L'Etat. S. 99-106. Tertrais, B.: Les alliances. S. 107-116. Parmentier, G.: L'aptitude a la presence globale. S. 117-124. Farandjis, S.: Le rayonnement linguistique et culturel. S. 125-134. Gallet, B.: La puissance ideologique des Etats. S. 135-144- Pellet, A.: Le droit. S. 145-158. Gere, F.: Les Etats-Unis dans le monde, enfin libre. S. 159-164. Sapir, J.: La Russie. S. 165-176. Moreau-Defarges, P.: Les etats d'Europe occidentale. S. 177-184. Bouissou, J.: Le Japon. S. 185-194. Mengin, F.: La carte chinoise. S. 195-206. Dufourcq, J.: La France. S. 207-219