The paper presents an approach of Case Based Reasoning, where it was born from the problems of human memory solution model, thus inspiring the creation of programs to address current problems. It is a technique that aims to solve a problem from the knowledge of past problems, comparing them with the new problem, and adapting well to a new solution. This will cover, from its definition, the techniques used, the stages of its development, as well as its advantages and disadvantages.
At head of title: Économie sociale. ; Includes bibliographical references (p. [vii]-xvi). ; On t.p. : Ouvrage couronné par l'Académie des sciences morales et politiques. ; Mode of access: Internet.
Some of the most important quintessential inflation scenarios, such as the Peebles–Vilenkin model, are described in detail. These models are able to explain the early- and late-time accelerated expansions of our universe, and the phase transition from the end of inflation to the beginning of kination where the adiabatic evolution of the universe was broken in order to produce enough particles to reheat the universe with a viable temperature, thereby aligning with the Hot Big Bang universe. In addition, while considering the reheating to be due to the gravitational production of superheavy particles conformally coupled to gravity, we checked that the considered scenarios do not suffer problems due to the overproduction of gravitational waves at the end of inflation, and thus the validity of Big Bang nucleosynthesis is preserved ; The investigation of J.d.H. has been supported by MINECO (Spain) grant MTM2017-84214-C2-1-P, and in part by the Catalan Government 2017-SGR-247 ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)
The relation between the reheating temperature, the number of e-folds and the spectral index is shown for the Starobinsky model and some of its descendants through a very detailed calculation of these three quantities. The conclusion is that for viable temperatures between 1 MeV and 109 GeV the corresponding values of the spectral index enter perfectly in its 2s C.L., which shows the viability of this kind of models ; This investigation has been supported by MINECO (Spain) Grant MTM2017-84214-C2-1-P and in part by the Catalan Government 2017-SGR-247. ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)
This is a very comprehensible review of some key issues in modern cosmology. Simple mathematical examples and analogies are used, whenever available. The starting point is the well-known Big Bang cosmology (BBC). We deal with the mathematical singularities appearing in this theory and discuss some ways to remove them. Next, and before introducing the inflationary paradigm by means of clear examples, we review the horizon and flatness problems of the old BBC model. We then consider the current cosmic acceleration and, as a procedure to deal with both periods of cosmic acceleration in a unified way, we study quintessential inflation. Finally, the reheating stage of the universe via gravitational particle production, which took place after inflation ended, is discussed in clear mathematical terms, by involving the so-called a-attractors in the context of quintessential inflation ; "J.d.H. is supported by grant MTM2017-84214-C2-1-P, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and by "ERDF A way of making Europe". E.E. is supported by MICINN (Spain), project PID2019-104397GB-I00, of the Spanish State Research Agency program AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and by the program Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2020-001058-M. Both authors are also supported in part by the Catalan Government, AGAUR project 2017-SGR-247" ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)
Die Gemeinde Eisenbach Hochschwarzwald ist im Hinblick auf die Konzentration ihres hoch entwickelten industriellen Potenzials bundesweit einzigartig: 2.150 Einwohner, über 1.300 sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigte, davon etwa 1.200, also rd. 95 %, im produzierenden Sektor, der Zahnrad- und Getriebeindustrie, 925 Einpendler. Die industrielle Entwicklung in der Gemeinde lässt sich wie folgt zusammenfassen: durch Wasserkraft zum Zahnrad und vom Uhrmacher zum Weltmarktführer. Die im Ort ansässigen Industrieunternehmen haben ein großes Leistungsvermögen, das nicht nur für die Gemeinde von Vorteil ist, sondern für die ganze Region. Ob die Gemeinde im ländlichen Raum den von den Firmen gestellten betriebswirtschaftlichen Erfordernissen auf Dauer adäquat gerecht werden kann, muss sich zeigen. Landespolitisch könnte es erforderlich sein, steuernd und unterstützend einzugreifen, um auch aus Sicht der Betriebe bestehende Zielkonflikte anzugehen. Die alteingesessenen Firmen wirken ökonomisch und sozial stabilisierend. Sie tragen auch zu ausgewogeneren Lebens- und Arbeitsverhältnissen in der Region bei. Das hilft, der Dynamik des Nutzungswandels und den sich verändernden Ansprüchen der Gesellschaft gerecht werden zu können. Um die industrielle Ausrichtung auch in Zukunft auf dem heutigen hohen Niveau weiterzuentwickeln, sind eine angemessene Finanzausstattung und eine Anpassung der infrastrukturellen Voraussetzungen unerlässlich sowie für die zukünftige (Vorwärts-)Entwicklung der Kulturlandschaft in ländlichen Räumen entscheidend.
