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"Dress became a testing ground for masculine ideals in Renaissance Italy. With the establishment of the ducal regime in Florence in 1530, there was increasing debate about how to be a nobleman. Was fashionable clothing a sign of magnificence or a source of mockery? Was the graceful courtier virile or effeminate? How could a man dress for court without bankrupting himself? This book explores the whole story of clothing, from the tailor's workshop to spectacular court festivities, to show how the male nobility in one of Italy's main textile production centres used their appearances to project social, sexual, and professional identities. Sixteenth-century male fashion is often associated with swagger and ostentation but this book shows that Florentine clothing reflected manhood at a much deeper level, communicating a very Italian spectrum of male virtues and vices, from honour, courage, and restraint to luxury and excess. Situating dress at the heart of identity formation, Currie traces these codes through an array of sources, including unpublished archival records, surviving garments, portraiture, poetry, and personal correspondence between the Medici and their courtiers. Addressing important themes such as gender, politics, and consumption, Fashion and Masculinity in Renaissance Florence sheds fresh light on the sartorial culture of the Florentine court and Italy as a whole"--

This study examines the Florentine economy and women's role in it from the fifteenth to the seventeenth centuries. The changes that took place in the Florentine economy as it adapted to new economic opportunities undermine the notion of economic decline and suggest instead considerable resilience. The changes that took place helped to produce and were themselves the product of the growing participation of women in the economy.

Florence Stafferson describes her parents' emigration from Sweden to Montana where her father opened a general store in Anaconda. She discusses her childhood growing up around the smokestack and smelters and recalls her chores, education, and entertainment options. Stafferson reminisces about her young adult life in in Butte, Montana, working as a seamstress. She talks about how she met her husband, and her thoughts of marriage, and their life on a ranch in Deer Lodge Valley until they moved to Missoula and bought the Sleepy Inn. Stafferson concludes by describing the political and cultural environment in Anaconda, specifically mentioning Marcus Daly, Senator William A. Clark, and the Swedish community. ; https://scholarworks.umt.edu/mtwomen_oralhistory/1042/thumbnail.jpg

Biografie über die Wegbereiterin der modernen Krankenpflege und medizinischen Soziologie (1820-1919). Historische, soziale und medizinische Entwicklungen werden nachgezeichnet und die Lebensumstände der eigenwilligen Reformerin beschrieben. (Freya Rickert)

Florence Nightingale wäre am 12. Mai dieses Jahres 200 Jahre geworden.

Many were the outstanding people who left their imprint on the nineteenth century, devoting their energies to the cause of human dignity. One such person was Florence Nightingale, born in Florence on 12 May 1820, died in London on 13 August 1910.This year, therefore, the 150th anniversary of her birth is being celebrated. We are particularly grateful to the Chairman of the Standing Commission of the International Red Cross for agreeing to speak in this issue for the Red Cross which has always considered the "Lady with a Lamp' an inspiration. Henry Dunant himself profoundly admired her.

The South Carolina State Library publishes quick demographic brochures for each district in South Carolina for incoming legislature. Each brochure highlights demographics across population, employment, and education.

The South Carolina State Library publishes quick demographic brochures for each district in South Carolina for incoming legislature. Each brochure highlights demographics across population, employment, and education.

Volume 15 of the Collected Works of Florence Nightingale, Wars and the War Office, picks up on the previous volume's recounting of Nightingale's famous work during the Crimean War and the comprehensive analysis she did on its high death rates. This volume moves on to the implementation of the recommendations that emerged from that research and to her work to reduce deaths in the next wars, beginning with the American Civil War. Nightingale's writings describe the creation of the Army Medical School, the vast improvements made in the statistical tracking of disease, and new measures for soldiers' welfare. Her role in the formulation of the first Geneva Convention in 1864 is related, along with her concern that voluntary relief efforts through the Red Cross not make war "cheap." Nightingale was decorated by both sides for her work in the Franco-Prussian War. While much of her work concerned the mundane sending out of supplies, we see also in her writing her emerging interest in militarism as the cause of war. Her opposition to the Afghan War (of her time) and her work to provide nursing for the Egyptian campaigns, the Zulu War, and the start of the Boer War are also included

Abstract
Certain sectors of the heritage and tourist industry argue that cities with art historical significance should be re-categorized as 'museum cities' because visitors intent on acquiring particular limited 'consumer' experiences outnumber the local population. Using the Feast Day of San Giovanni in Florence, Italy, as a focus this article questions this assumption. By evaluating the form of the feast day events and their relationship to the urban landscape, some of the historical conditions that have shaped the city are revealed. These conditions, understood as civic praxis, are accessible to everyone (to different degrees) and suggest Florence is anything but a museum.