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The article considers the image of Russia formed by western mass media with the help of various journalistic techniques and stylistic resources. The image of Russia is formed by western mass media through the analysis of her political-economic situation, home affairs, reforms, and the leading figures in politics and economics. The thematic unlimited range of the questions discussed by modern western mass media defines the use of various technologies of forming the required image. Among such techniques of forming the image of Russia are the contrast between the future and present of the country, subtle criticism and objection under superficial consent (the so-called fly in the ointment), a consistent and undoubtedly deliberate input of the negative factual information into the structure of the text, doubt about the reliability of a personality, the opposition of seeming and true realities, and others. The stylistic resources used for forming the image of Russia involve emotionally colored words, neutral and expressive means, verbal collocations and metaphorical expressions, epithets, repetitions, antithesis, insertions and others. The topicality of the subject discussed makes the journalists look for the ways of expressing their negative, seldom positive attitude towards Russia as well as of making a skillfully veiled impact on the readers' mind to receive specific responses.

The article reviews the interaction between Standard Scottish English and Scots in various spheres of communication. Special attention is given to the linguistic status of Scots and historical and political factors that have shaped the current linguistic situation in Lowland Scotland. ; В статье рассматриваются особенности взаимодействия литературного шотландского английского и скотс в различных коммуникативных сферах. Особое внимание уделяется вопросу лингвистического статуса скотс и историко-политическим факторам, сформировавшим современную языковую ситуацию в равнинной Шотландии.

В статье рассматриваются основные проблемы эффективности центральной исполнительной власти современной России. Анализируются предпосылки недостаточной организованности системы, а также основные проблемы, с которыми столкнулась на данном этапе административная реформа. Кроме того, рассматриваются возможные перспективы реформы и повышения эффективности государственного управления в России. Делается вывод, что наибольшего эффекта реформа государственного управления может достичь только в рамках масштабной реорганизации всей политической системы. ; The article considers basic problems of efficiency of central executive power in modern Russia. Author examines a prerequisite of insufficient organization of the system, as well as the main problems arisen at this stage of administrative reform; the possible prospects of this reform and improving state administration in Russia are also analyzed. The author concludes that state administration reform can achieve the greatest effect only within a major reorganization of political system.