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Staying put -- The Loyalist prison experience -- Class matters -- Fighting with history instead of guns -- Loyalism and the voluntary sector -- Loyalist feuds -- Immigrants, paramilitaries, and turf -- What to do with the paramilitaries?

"This book uncovers the history of The Volunteers, a Spanish loyalist militia who were committed to upholding Spanish imperial interests and influence in Cuba, Puerto Rico, Santa Domingo and The Philippines as the age of empire came to a close. Unpicking the relationship between local and imperial administrations and highlighting the contribution of voluntary units to colonial warfare, Padilla Angulo shows how Spanish loyalism persevered in the colonies even as the last bastions of empire were dismantled. Revealing the complexity and diversity of The Volunteers themselves in various colonies, Volunteers of the Empire shows how thousands of young men of Spanish, African and Asian descent were united in the defence of Spanish sovereignty in times of anti-colonial struggle that were civil wars in all but name. It uncovers a fascinating history of a militia that became an essential element of Spanish imperialism and the armed wing of Spanish loyalism during the second half of the 19th century. Through their fluctuating relationship with the authorities in Spain, The Volunteers provide a fresh perspective into the global and local complexities of nation building, nationalism and citizenship."--

"Benin and Togo: Loyalist Stacking and Rival Security Forces" published on by Oxford University Press.

THIS ARTICLE PRESENTS SOME USEFUL DESCRIPTIVE OBSERVATIONS ON THE RECENT INCREASE IN LOYALIST PARAMILITARY ACTIVITY IN NORTHERN IRELAND, ESPECIALLY FROM THE ULSTER DENSE ASSOCIATION (UDA) UNDER THE NAME OF THE ULSTER FREEDOM FIGHTERS (UFF). THE ESSAY RAISES AN ISSUE ABOUT RESEARCH METHODS, AND OFFERS AN ALTERNATIVE EXPLANATION OF THE RECENT UPSURGE IN LOYALIST KILLING.

Paramilitary vigilantism in Northern Ireland has increased dramatically in the wake of the 1994 cease‐fires, and is increasingly threatening to destabilise the peace process. Yet despite the long history of vigilantism in Northern Ireland and the unprecedented attention the activity is now attracting, virtually no empirical research has been carried out on the topic. This article reports findings from a study made of 213 IRA and 132 loyalist vigilante incidents which occurred between 1994 and 1996. The aim of the study was to provide hitherto unavailable demographic information on the vigilantism. Results also show that there are clear differences between IRA and loyalist vigilantism and that the nature of vigilantism is changing over time. The main conclusion is that there is a worrying lack of even basic knowledge about the vigilantism at a time when its importance is increasing dramatically. The findings are discussed in relation to the current situation in Northern Ireland.

A model of movers and stayers ('floaters' and 'loyalists') is outlined (Section 1) in which the transitions and the floaters between one period and another are independent of the position (party or abstention) supported at the earlier time period. This model has some empirical support as a good first approximation to recent British voting behaviour. The conditions under which a national process of this kind can be seen as the aggregation of such processes operating at the constituency (or subgroup) level are established (Section 2). The extension of this model over a succession of time periods is seen to create no problems (Section 3). In Section 4, using a slight extension of the assumptions of Section 2, the (approximate) independence of swing and partisanship is seen as a natural consequence of the model and it is argued that the assumptions used are reasonable in the post-war British context.