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The participation of the Republic of Angola in the African Peace and Security Architecture represents, in the current sub-Saharan context, the example of a search for strategic affirmation of a rising regional power, through a participatory, influential foreign policy and commitment, a bet on strategic balance duality in which the Angolan Armed Forces are an instrument of military cooperation and conflict resolution in Angola´s conjectural interest space. THIS article demystifies this paradigm and discusses the possible interests of Angola within the framework of participation in the African Peace and Security Architecture, constituting a framework for development and an affirmation of military capabilities. Employing the Armed Forces has a regional and continental assertion mechanism for Angola's external policy in the context of a non-permanent member of the Security Council in the United Nations.

"Contributing to the on-going debate on the second-generation challenges of civilian control of armed forces, this article discusses the role societal actors play in keeping a vigilant eye on the military organisation of their country. It argues in favour of enlarging the framework of civilian control in order to better take account of the plurality of both civilian actors as controlling body and military actors as referent object of control. Referring to on-going problems of right-wing extremism in the Bundeswehr and ethnic bonding in the Russian armed forces as illustrative cases, deficiencies of existing control mechanisms will be identified. Societal oversight, as outlined, plays an increasingly important role in terms of a compensation mechanism, irrespective of the character of the political regime." (author's abstract)

This article describes the structure of the Swiss militia armed forces and its preconditions. It explores in what ways the Swiss militia, which is founded on the principle of citizens in uniform, was affected by the changes in values that took place in Western societies from the 1960s and 1970s onwards as well as by the new security-political situation arising in the aftermath of the cold war. There is strong evidence that the concept of the citizen in uniform has clearly lost relevance. Voluntary commitment to society and a sense of duty as a citizen are no longer the main reasons for the involvement in the military. Instead, it is a question of individual cost-benefit analysis. Thus, the concept of the citizen in uniform may not only change for the individual soldier, but it may also be perceived differently by society. [Reprinted by permission; copyright Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society/Sage Publications Inc.]

El siglo XXI es el siglo de la interconexión y la complejidad. Todo se encuentra interrelacionado, lo que ha obligado a incluir la Defensa en el marco de la Seguridad con el propósito de dar respuestas a los retos que plantea y que ya no son solo militares sino de toda índole, incluidas crisis y catástrofes. Las fuerzas Armadas pueden contribuir con gran eficacia a la hora de atender tales retos. La tendencia no es ya al conflicto entre naciones, sino a la defensa de la Seguridad Nacional e Internacional, lo que genera un enorme cambio en los medios, preparación y doctrina. ; The 21st century is the century of interconnectedness and complexity. Everything is interrelated. This has made it necessary to include Defense in the Security framework to respond to the new challenges, which are not only military but of many different kinds, including crises and disasters. The Armed Forces can effectively help to meet these challenges. The trend is not to deal with conflicts between nations anymore but to defend national and international security, which brings about an enormous change in means, personnel and doctrine. ; O século XXI é o século da interconexão e da complexidade. Tudo se encontra inter-relacionado, o que obrigou a incluir a Defesa no campo da Segurança com o objetivo de responder aos novos desafios, que já não são só militares mas de diversa natureza, incluindo clises e catástrofes. As Forças Armadas podem contribuir com grande eficácia no momento de responder a estes desafios. A tendência já não é o conflito entre nações mas a defesa da Segurança Nacional e Internacional, o que gera uma enorme mudança nos meios, na preparação e na doutrina.

Recreation has a firmly established place in the Armed Forces. As our military establishment has grown and become an important segment of our national life, recreation programs in the Armed Forces have also developed to the point where they are becoming accepted as an important but normal phase of the American recreation movement. Outdated philosophies of military recreation based on charitable considerations are being replaced by modem concepts of the function of free-time programs in military settings.