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THIS ARTICLE, ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED IN THE FIRST ISSUE OF THIS JOURNAL, WAS CONTRIBUTED BY THE WORLD-FAMOUS PHYSICIST ALBERT EINSTEIN. IT IS REPRINTED TO COMMEMORATE THE FIRST ISSUE OF THIS PUBLICATION'S FIFTIETH YEAR. THE ARTICLE EXAMINES SOCIALISM FROM A SCIENTIFIC PERSPECTIVE, WITH SOCIALISM BEING DIRECTED TOWARDS A SOCIAL-ETHICAL END. EINSTEIN ASSERTS THAT THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE INDIVIDUAL TO SOCIETY, WITH THE INDIVIDUAL BECOMING MORE CONSCIOUS THAN EVER OF HIS DEPENDENCE UPON SOCIETY, CONSTITUTES THE ESSENCE OF THE CRISIS OF OUR TIME. HE ALSO CONTENDS THAT THE CRIPPLING OF INDIVIDUALS IS THE WORST EVIL OF CAPITALISM, AND THAT THE ONLY WAY TO ELIMINATE GRAVE EVILS IS THROUGH THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A SOCIALIST ECONOMY, ACCOMPANIED BY AN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM WHICH IS ORIENTED TOWARD SOCIAL GOALS.

First published in 1930, amidst the collapse of socialist ideals and the onset of fascism throughout parts of Europe, Liberal Socialism is a powerful and timely document on the ethics of political action. During his confinement for his anti-fascist beliefs, the Italian political philosopher Carlo Rosselli (1899-1937) wrote this work not only as a critique of fascism, but also as an investigation into the history of Marxism and the need for a liberal reformulation of socialism. In this first English- language edition, Nadia Urbinati highlights both the historical and theoretical importance of Liberal Socialism, which continued to inspire the anti-fascist movement "Giustizia e Liberta." long after Rosselli's assassination by Mussolini's agents, and which outlines a possible rebirth of the socialist and democratic movements. Rosselli's analysis provides an illuminating interpretation of the ideological crisis of Marxism, in its positivistic version, during the late nineteenth century and exposes the intellectual weakness of revisionist efforts to delineate new versions of Marx's doctrine. He encourages readers to view socialism as an ethical ideal and to consider whether Marxist or liberal methods combine better with socialism to achieve that ideal. Rosselli opts for a liberal socialism that avoids the shortcomings of uncontrolled laissez-faire but favors state intervention to secure public services and social rights. Originally published in 1994. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905

Socialism Unbound first appeared in 1990. The Berlin Wall had just fallen and the Soviet Union was in a crisis that soon would turn into its death throes. Mikhail Gorbachev was still in power and, incredibly, it seemed as if his sclerotic communist state might yet make way for a new form of socialism with democratic political foundations. Movements committed to liberal constitutionalism, whose dynamics still remain theoretically undeveloped, were taking to the streets almost everywhere in Eastern Europe. Hopes on the left were high. In the popular imagination, however, the final collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 seemed to vindicate the policies of Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher. Laissez-faire became the rallyingcry for most former dissidents and the new party professionals in Eastern Europe. Meanwhile, in the West, attempts to temper market excesses were condemned as anachronistic. Left politics suddenly stood discredited. Indeed, soon enough, the attack on "socialism" would turn into an attack on welfare liberalism and the values associated with the 1960s.

CAN MARKET SOCIALISM REALIZE THE SOCIALIST VISION OF THE GOOD SOCIETY BY ENDING EXPLOITATION AND ALIENATION, SUBSTANTIALLY REDUCING INEQUALITIES OF WEALTH AND INCOME, ENSURING FULL EMPLOYMENT, AND CORRECTING OTHER MARKET IRRATIONALITIES? A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS OF CAPITALISM (NOTABLY THE SMALL OWNER-OPERATED FIRM AND THE LARGE CORPORATION) AND MARKET SOCIALISM (THE SELF-MANAGED COOPERATIVE THAT RENTS ITS CAPITAL FROM THE STATE) REVEALS THE RELATIVE EFFICIENCIES OF CAPITALISM IN REDUCING TRANSACTION COSTS, IN TURN REDUCING THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR EXPLOITATION. BY CONTRAST, THE TRANSACTION COST INEFFICIENCIES OF THE ORGANIZATIONS OF MARKET SOCIALISM PERMIT AND ENCOURAGE FORMS OF EXPLOITATION THAT ARE PRECLUDED OR DISCOURAGED UNDER CAPITALISM.

Evaluates the methods of regulating capitalism proposed by the New Labour Party of GB led by Tony Blair. It is argued that the party's manifesto does not include the goal of full employment or provisions for its support, calling instead for the regulation of capitalism rather than questioning the fundamental capitalist basis of society & the economic inequality it inevitably creates. Such regulations alone are deemed insufficient, as the capitalist system is inherently exploitative of labor. It is concluded that the capitalist system must be challenged & socialism reinvented if workers are to be served by the New Labour Party. M. Nichols-Wagner

Retour sur l'histoire du socialisme dans les pays dominés, celui des partis socialistes et du travail (labour) et non pas communistes, tant pour le socialisme colonial pénétré de racisme blanc, qu'ensuite sous les références socialistes des partis nationalistes à travers les luttes d'indépendance. Au début du XXe siècle, le premier gouvernement travailliste au monde, en Australie, inaugure un socialisme blanc. Établi sur la frontière coloniale, le socialisme petit-blanc rend l'anticolonialisme minoritaire ; au mieux un évolutionnisme célébrant le progrès par l'école et le syndicat, permet une velléité de fraternité des races. Les socialismes de collaboration coloniale (et celui des partis métropolitains) ne voyant pas leur propre enfermement nationaliste, refusent le nationalisme des colonisés, plus encore s'il devient nationalisme révolutionnaire. Dans les mouvements de libération nationale (sans rappeler ici l'exception communiste nationale chinoise et indochinoise), l'affirmation socialiste est prononcée par des « partis du peuple ». Cet amalgame se traduit en populismes socialisants ou marxisants qui, à l'indépendance, se figent en nationalisme d'État notamment dans l'illusion développementaliste par l'État national. Le projet internationaliste de la Tricontinentale est liquidé ; les pan-nationalismes culturalistes cèdent place au chaos communautaire « religieux » ou « ethnique », fruit pourri de la colonisation.

This item is part of the Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements (PRISM) digital collection, a collaborative initiative between Florida Atlantic University and University of Central Florida in the Publication of Archival, Library & Museum Materials (PALMM).

Citation: Holland, John Warren. Municipal socialism. Senior thesis, Kansas State Agricultural College, 1896. ; Morse Department of Special Collections ; Introduction: The rapid increase of unborn population over rural means to the thoughtful man that in a comparatively few years the great masses of the people will live in cities. Small cities will grow larger, new cities will spring up and the percent of rural dwellers will gradually decrease until it will no longer demand consideration. This fact has turned the tide of thought in a new direction. Government is becoming more intensive. The question now before the public is not so much, How shall we govern our state or nation? But, How shall we govern our cities? We now find ourselves confronted with the problem of municipal government. In what manner shall we conduct the government of our cities so the greatest number may receive the greatest good? And what form of city government shall we have? It is proposed by some that city governments shall be miniature kingdoms; each city to be ruled over by one called whoever may be, but possessing power not unlike that of a king. Others propose a purely democratic government but fail to define the limits of such government; other theories are not wanting and among these is to be found that known as municipal socialism.