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The article examines the phenomenon of success, which has a multifaceted structure and is of interest from the point of view of revealing the value foundations of both an individual and the whole society. In order to form a holistic picture of ideas about success in humanitarian scientific thought, it is of great importance to review and analyze domestic and foreign socio-cultural and psychological studies on this issue. As a result of the analysis, a common problem field for these areas of science is revealed – the duality of the phenomenon of success, which has two main manifestations: external, implying the achievement of recognition by society, and internal, representing the way of realization of one's own abilities and value attitudes of the individual. The au-thors concludes that the study of the individual-personal, social determinants of the phenomenon of success and the problem of their correlation contributes to further theoretical understanding and design of the phenom-enon of success. In practical terms, the development of this topic raises the issue of finding a balance between a person's internal orientations and the requirements of the external environment, which is designed to set a worldview and value-normative framework that promotes the harmonious integration of the individual into so-ciety.

Introduction. Intentional artificial head deformation is one of the most striking features of the late Sarmatian nomads from the Eastern European steppes. For quite a long time, archaeologists and anthropologists tried to solve the issues associated with this custom's emergence and existence in the population of the 2nd – 4 th centuries AD. Later, the question of the deforming structure's impact on the normal life of a person became a separate research line for the phenomenon of artificial cranial deformation in the late Sarmatians. Methods and materials. 155 craniums of sexually mature late Sarmatian populations (2nd – 4th centuries AD) originating from under the burial mounds in the territory of the Lower Volga region were the material for the study. Comparison of pathological conditions occurrence between the deformed and undeformed skull groups was carried out using nonparametric tests: Pearson's chi-squared test (χ2) and Fisher's exact test. Results. Comparative analysis of pathological conditions occurrence on deformed and undeformed skulls in late Sarmatian time has shown that the only deviation in which the compared series differ significantly is temporomandibular joint arthritis. Discussion. The frequency and degree of articular disease development in late Sarmatians with intentional artificial head deformities increase with age. The age-related variability of arthrotic changes in the mandibular joint area indicates the involutionary nature of this condition. At the same time, the absence of statistical differences between age groups in the distribution frequencies of this pathology and its wide distribution in young individuals under 35 years of age suggest that artificial skull deformation is one of the factors stimulating its development. Conclusions. Degenerative changes in the temporomandibular joint area are a statistically more widespread pathology in deformed skulls. The absence of gender differences between the deformed and undeformed skulls in the late Sarmatians, as well as the groups of pathologies associated with diet and the degree of negative factors impacting the natural and social environment, indicates that this custom in the late Sarmatian society did not carry the function of gender or social differentiation. The use of a modifying structure for deliberate artificial cranial deformation is quite compatible with normal human life, and its use did not subsequently lead to the development of serious skull and brain pathologies.

"In the edited collection, Time Out: Global Perspectives on Sport and the Covid-19 Lockdown, practitioners and international scholars explore the impact of the global Covid-19 health pandemic on sport from a global perspective. It is part of a two-volume Covid-19 and Sport series that tackles the effects of the global lockdown on sport during March and April 2020, when restrictions were at their most severe and the human toll at its peak in many countries. The twenty chapters provide a comprehensive overview of the immediate consequences of the Covid-19 lockdown on global sport from a variety of perspectives"--

Harness 'Code Halos' to gain competitive advantage in the digital eraAmazon beating Borders, Netflix beating Blockbuster, Apple beating Kodak, and the rise of companies like Google, LinkedIn, and Pandora are not isolated or random events. Today's outliers in revenue growth and value creation are winning with a new set of rules. They are dominating by managing the information that surrounds people, organizations, processes, and products—what authors Malcolm Frank, Paul Roehrig, and Ben Pring call Code Halos. This is far beyond "Big Data" and analytics. Code Halos spark new commercial models that can dramatically flip market dominance from industry stalwarts to challengers. In this new book, the authors show leaders how digital innovators and traditional companies can build Code Halo solutions to drive success. The book:Examines the explosion of digital information that now surrounds us and describes the profound impact this is having on individuals, corporations, and societies;Shows how the Crossroads Model can help anticipate and navigate this market shift;Provides examples of traditional firms already harnessing the power of Code Halos including GE's 'Brilliant Machines,' Disney's theme park 'Magic Band,' and Allstate's mobile devices and analytics that transform auto insurance.With reasoned insight, new data, real-world cases, and practical guidance, Code Halosshows seasoned executives, entrepreneurs, students, line-of-business owners, and technology leaders how to master the new rules of the Code Halo economy.

In The Game Culture Reader, editors Jason C. Thompson and Marc A. Ouellette propose that Game Studies-that peculiar multi-, inter-, and trans-disciplinary field wherein international researchers from such diverse areas as rhetoric, computer science, literary studies, culture studies, psychology, media studies and so on come together to study the production, distribution, and consumption of games-has reached an unproductive stasis. Its scholarship remains either divided (as in the narratologis

The gender reassignment process has ethical, social and legal dimensions. However, European Union countries have recommended certain principles for such reassignment. The lack of special legislation regulating legal conditions and effects of gender reassignment creates a difficult situation for transsexuals. A new civil law was implemented in 2001 in Turkey recognising gender identity reassignment which has set new standards for procedures. According to the law, court permission is compulsory for gender reassignment surgery. Courts require expert analyses in a health council report which must include a psychiatric examination of the individual, who must also be permanently unreproductive as defined by the law. Although the new Civil Law arranges new standards for gender reassignment surgery procedures, there are several problems in reassigning the civil status of transsexuals in Turkey.

The relationship between Internet technology and human beings has been the main focus in the realm of Internet study. Those studies, generally speaking, either paid attention to the political, economical and social influences of the burgeoning Internet technology on human society, or focusing on the changing of human behavior, attitudes and psychological conditions in the Internet technological environment. Lacking of considering the core nature of Internet technology, most of studies, though proposed many insightful arguments, cannot explain why and in what way the Internet has such great influences on human beings. Since the Internet technology constructed the cyberspace, its relationship with human beings has been undoubtedly influenced by the inherent nature of the Internet. Examining the intrinsic nature and the bias of Internet technology, this study proposes the concept of cyber-micropower to describe the power relationships in the Internet field, and explores the origins of cyber-micropower. By investigating the formation and operational mechanism of the three kinds of cyber-micropower – information micropower, context micropower and subject micropower, this study provides a new analytical framework to the Internet study as well as understanding various cyberspace phenomena. The qualitative methods, especially critical literature research, online participant observation, and oral history are adopted to make thick description of various online phenomena, get empirical online data and develop the key concept of cyber-micropower. Particularly, the formation of information micropower is examined through the phenomenon of online free. Based on the analysis of online virtual identity, the formation process of context micropower and subject micropower can be developed. Then, the operational mechanism of cyber-micropower was mainly investigated through human flesh searching phenomenon. Briefly, this study argues that the bias of Internet technology is liquidity. As the core features of the Internet, both digitalization and networking of information directly reflect the widespread requiring for liquidity. This liquid Internet plays the role by empowering cyber subjects. Cyber-micropower, then, is the liquid networking relations among cyber subjects. During online interactions and the Internet use, cyber subjects always tend to make surveillance and self-surveillance, restriction and self-restriction, group participating and other ways, through which cyber subjects adapted to the new liquid cyber contexts and relations, as well as positioning their own locations in the liquid network. This new liquid disciplinary model in the "many watch the many" kind of cyberspace is the operational mechanism of cyber-micropower. Accordingly, disciplined cyber subjects and cyber conditions are like numerous panopticons superimposed together. Then, this study further argues that with the development of Internet technology, the liquid may be faster, and a larger scale of digitalization and intensive networking will follow. Such trends, though may liberate human beings initially, will go beyond humans' ultimate state in the end. The liquid nature of information restricts cyber subjects' ability of self-reflexive and understanding. And the liquid cyberspace may promote multiple and unstable virtual identities. As a result, cyber subjects' cyber-micropower will become more fragile and sensitive. And the human nature may also be networked and liquefied gradually. Yet, when human beings become numerous nodes in the liquid network, not only their traditional ethics and morality are in the danger of reversing, but also the meaning of humans' existence may be challenged. ; published_or_final_version ; Linguistics ; Doctoral ; Doctor of Philosophy

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- 1: Introduction -- PART ONE: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES -- 2: Towards typologies of socioeconomic marginality: North/South comparisons -- 3: The application of spatial theory to intensive agriculture in developing countries: Findings from the Jos study -- 4: The marginality and marginal regions in Slovenia -- 5: The emergence of capitalism and struggling against marginalization in the Russian North -- 6: Another way of perceiving Argentine marginality dynamics: Qualitative indicators -- PART TWO: CULTURAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC VIEWS -- 7: The importance of cultural links in a marginal area: Terra Alta (Catalonia, Spain) -- 8: Local government among marginalized ex-nomads: The Israeli Bedouin and the state -- 9: Land tenure in rural marginal Western Pampa in Argentina -- 10: Demographic factors in characterizing and delimiting marginal lands -- 11: Length of unemployment as an indicator of social exclusion in Finland: A GIS viewpoint -- 12: Living on the margins: The case for the elderly in Zimbabwe -- 13: 'Basics are now a luxury': Perceptions of ESAP's impact on rural and urban areas in Zimbabwe -- PART THREE: POLICIES FOR REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT -- 14: Marginal regions and new methods for development in the EU: Comparing Garfagnana in Italy and Kuusamo - Koillismaa in Finland -- 15: Evaluating marginal development: Local views on modernization in an Indian and Swedish context -- 16: Remaining marginal areas in rural Catalonia: Causes an consequences -- 17: State support and rural dynamics -- 18: Regional development problems of the geographically marginal Binga district in the Zambezi valley of Zimbabwe -- 19: Challenges to the development of a polarized space: The case of Zimbabwe

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Formation of the Intellectual -- The Intellectual as Bureaucrat -- The Intellectual as Democrat and Communist -- The Limits of Democracy -- Nationalism and the Intellectual -- The Dreyfusian Revolution -- Socialism and the Intellectuals -- The Right to Be Lazy -- Incorporation of Human and Social Sciences into the Modern State -- 3 True and False Universality -- Intellectuals as Watchdogs -- Sartre and the Universal Intellectuals -- The Opium of the Intellectuals -- Intellectuals and the Wretched of the Earth -- Rationalizing Racism -- 4 From the Universal to the Specific Intellectual -- Totalitarianism -- Anti-semitism and the Jewish Elite -- The Specific Intellectual -- 5 Renovations of the Intellectual -- Farewell to the Working Class -- Orientalism and Cultural Left -- New Racism -- The Intellectual's Multicultural Society -- The Intellectual and Cultural Imperialism -- 6 Toward the American New Century -- The Responsibility of Intellectuals -- Last Intellectuals -- 7 The Intellectuals and the Last Revolution -- Nationalist and Socialist Conception of the Intellectual -- Westoxication as the Third Force -- The Islamist Turn -- Shariati's Islamist Ideology -- Post-Islamism -- 8 A Perfect Democracy and Its Intellectuals -- Construing Muslim as the Enemy -- The Imprudent Racist -- The Making of the Consensual Society -- Norway a Humanitarian Superpower -- 9 The Decay of the Intellectual -- Pedagogy of the Oppressed -- Divide and Rule -- A Short History of the Integration of the Intellectuals into the State -- The Limits of Democracy -- 10 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index.

The article discusses the historical aspects of creating a global Internet. The number of websites of organizations or individuals on the Internet today has exceeded 600 billion. Particular attention is drawn to the fact that the Internet has become a global social phenomenon as a result of economic globalization, and not the development of technology as a means of communication. All over the world, especially in countries with a high level of scientific and technological progress, it is easy to notice that people's interests have shifted from real to virtual reality, which consists of countless threads of cyberspace. The article also shows that extremist activity on the Internet has the following characteristics: justification of terrorism or terrorist activity; incitement to social, racial, national or religious instability; propaganda of racial, national or religious extremism; violation of rights based on race, nationality or religion. It is these dangers that should be excluded from the global network through the introduction of strict legislative measures of the state.

Across the globe it is clear that children are a marginalized group. Children are not allowed to vote or be taken seriously in political circles (Sharpe, 2015), are kept away from public spaces (Valentine 2004), navigate inhospitable working conditions (Gamlin et. al., 2015), and are rapidly losing the time and space to foster their own child culture (Woolley and Griffin, 2014). Adults continue to institutionalize children's play and restrict children's access to public space. This serves to reinforce children's position as second-class citizens. A mounting body of work shows that children are suffering in their physical and social development due to this continued marginalization (Clements, 2004; Corsaro, 1997; Evaldsson, 1998; Goodwin, 1990; Staempfli, 2008). This naturalized and troubling dynamic between children and adults needs to be critically examined in order to foster a healthy, socially just society. Drawing on literature from Corsaro, Valentine, and Goodwin I argue that "child" is the dominant identity for youth; their race, gender, and class following behind as important but secondary, intersecting identities. All children are oppressed. Different children experience this oppression to greater and lesser degrees. I argue that we must examine the social construct of childhood now, as societal ideals about children's rights, safety, and use of public space are rapidly evolving. A critical analysis of the state of childhood, which acknowledges the deeply entrenched oppression of children, sets the stage for a potential social transformation in which adult society can empower youth. Children already have legitimate, creative, and valid contributions to make to the societies they are a part of. By examining the social structures that serve to suffocate these contributions we can reconstruct the meaning of childhood. Adult culture can acknowledge children's voices and rights, thereby making childhood a time of empowerment rather than oppression.

The Social Significance of Health Promotion sets health promotion in its historical context and delineates its contemporary role. It explores the potential of health promotion to impact on our social values and sense of community. The book begins by exploring the historical roots of health promotion and its relationship to the medical model of health. It moves on to present analyses of contemporary health promotion programmes in which the contributors are actively engaged. These chapters discuss current questions for health promotion from a practitioner perspective and from the point.