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Religion as culture -- Religion as foundation of a new identity -- Religion as legitimation of rule and violence -- Religion as relativization and critique of worldly power -- Religion as representation of weakness -- Religion as inspiration in a plural society -- Religion as acknowledgment of the other.

Islam and Democracy by John L. Esposito and John O. Voll. Islam and Democracy, a book by John L. Esposito and John O. Voll, is reviewed.

Dagbon is the territory that is inhabited by the Dagombapeople. The Dagomba are part of the Mole-Dagbani speaking people, having descended from a common ancestor with the Mossi, Mamprusis andNanumba. Dagbon is in the Northern Region of Ghana, lying between latitudes nine and ten and has an area of 9,611 square miles. Dagbon is the largest of the ethnic kingdoms in Northern Ghana. Communal violence erupted in the capital of the Dagomba people on March 25, 2002. This continued for three days, resulting in the death of their king, Ya Na Yakubu Andani on March 27, 2002. The remote cause of this three-day war was a long-standing dispute, relating to the succession to the Dagbon skin. The Dagbon crisis has become a complex web of power play among family members, political manipulation or interference and the politics of justice. But these did not begin in 2002. They have their historical antecedents. Since 1953, nearly all governments have intervened in this dispute in one way or another. But this political involvement has only deepened the rift and accentuated the disagreements. This paper posits that, there can be no political solution to the Dagbon crisis. Since the Dagomba people are predominantly Muslims -and have a huge developmental deficit, this paper advocates a combination of Islamic, traditional and development-based solutions.

In the chapter on character in his classic Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians, first published in 1836, Edward Lane included a note on religious pride as one of the leading features of [Egyptian] character. I am credibly informed, he wrote, that children in Egypt are often taught, at school, a regular set of curses to denounce upon the persons and property of Christians, Jews, and all other unbelievers in the religion of Mohammad. Noting that these curses were recited daily in some of Cairo's government schools (but not those held in mosques), he quoted from an Arabic transcription given to him by his friend Richard Burton: O God, destroy the infidels and polytheists, thine enemies, the enemies of the religion.