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Religion and Morality seeks to answer two fundamental questions regarding the relation between religion and morality. The first is the puzzle posed by Socrates, the so-called ' Euthyphro dilemma', which asks: is morality valuable by virtue of its intrinsic importance and worth, or is morality valuable because, and only because, God approves it and commands us to follow its dictates? The second question is raised by Kierkegaard in Fear and Trembling . He asks: Is a conflict between religion and morality possible? Does God ever demand that we neglect our moral commitments? The discussion on these questions is divided into three parts. In the first two parts, we discuss the idea that morality depends on religion. The authors distinguish two types of dependence: strong dependence, according to which the very existence, or validity, of moral obligations depends on God's command, and weak dependence, according to which though morality itself is independent of God, God (or belief in God) is necessary to enable human beings to know their moral duties and to carry them out. The authors reject the strong dependence thesis, as well as most versions of the weak dependence. The third part of the book discusses different versions of the view that religion might conflict with morality. The authors reject this view, and show that very few religious thinkers would follow it all the way through to its ultimate consequences. The book has implications for the philosophy of religion, in its emphasis on the centrality of the moral element in religion, and for moral philosophy, in its highlighting, among other things, of the nature of moral judgments

Intro -- RELIGION AND HEALTHCARE -- RELIGION AND HEALTHCARE -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE AND CHRISTIAN HEALTH CARE ETHICS: A PROPOSED MODEL BASED ON A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE -- ABSTRACT -- I. PROLOGUE -- II. MODELS AND THEORIES OF DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE -- III. CRITIQUE OF PROPOUNDED THEORIES AND MODELS -- IV. A PROPOSED MODEL OF HEALTH CARE DISTRIBUTION -- Chapter 2 HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS' EXPECTATIONS OF SPIRITUAL CARE FROM NURSES -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- PURPOSE OF STUDY -- RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY -- THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK -- ASSUMPTIONS -- REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE -- Spiritual Care -- PERCEPTION OF CARE -- QUALITATIVE STUDIES -- CARING BEHAVIORS -- PATIENT EXPECTATIONS OF SPIRITUAL CARE -- SUMMARY -- METHODOLOGY -- Setting -- Participants -- Data Generation Strategies -- Plan for Data Analysis -- Steps to Insure Methodological Rigor -- Protection of Human Participants -- DEMOGRAPHIC DATA -- FINDINGS -- DISCUSSION -- 1. Are the Explicit and Implicit Actions of Nurses to Address Body, Mind and Spirit Recognized by their Patients? -- 2. Are the Actions of Nurses to Address Spiritual Health Perceived by Patients as Fulfilling their Expectations? -- 3. What Actions by Nurses are Perceived as Spiritual Interventions by Patients? -- 4. How do Individuals Define Spiritual Care? -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE STUDIES -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3 FAITH-BASED SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PROGRAMS -- STUDY 1 -- Method -- Results and Discussion -- STUDY 2 -- Methods -- Organization -- Services -- Treatment Model -- Results and Discussion -- Basic Needs Emphasis -- Faith Emphasis -- Mental Health Emphasis -- Blending of Faith and Mental Health Emphases -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4 SPIRITUAL COPING AMONG CHRONICALLY ILL CHILDREN -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- DEFINING THE CONSTRUCTS

Vorwort signed W. Bornemann. ; Glaube / F. Manz -- Busse / W. Veit -- Bekenntnis / Foerster -- Opfer / Bornemann. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Religion has become a matter of intensified public concern in contem- porary Scandinavia, and the various media are the main arena in which Scandi- navians encounter such controversies. Historically-rooted understandings of re- ligion that are based on the Lutheran Church as both a public utility and cultural resource, and the secular state as the regulator of religious freedom and equality, have become re-articulated in newly emerging frames such as the politicization, culturalization and securitization of religion. This chapter presents the current volume's overall approach to religion in contemporary Scandinavia as a mediatized and contested social phenomenon. The chapter ad- vocates a perspective from which ongoing contestations and negotiations among a larger spectrum of actors are explored through an application of both substan- tive and moderate social constructionist approaches to religion. The various ap- plications and interplays of these approaches to religion may fruitfully contrib- ute to the further development of the theory of the mediatization of religion. ; Engaging with Conflicts in Mediatized Religious Environments, CoMReL

Part I: Orientations -- Introduction -- The ethnographer as pontifex -- Part II: Homage to three pioneers -- E.B. Tylor and the anthropology of religion -- Culture in phylogenetic perspective : an appreciation of the contributions of A.I. Hallowell -- Part III: Beliefs -- On what we may believe about beliefs -- Finding Wayú religion -- On credulity -- Secondary beliefs and the alien abduction phenomenon -- Part IV: Studying religion : some conceptual issues -- Family resemblance and the definition of religion -- Conceptualizing religion : the matter of boundaries -- Comparison : some suggestions for improving the inevitable -- Biology and religion : on establishing a problematic -- Toward a realistic and relevant science of religion

Der Verfasser skizziert zunächst das nach 1979 in China neu erwachte wissenschaftliche Interesse an Religion und behandelt die Arbeit des Instituts für Weltreligionen an der chinesischen Akademie für Sozialwissenschaften. Es schließt sich ein Überblick über Verbreitung, Autoren, Inhalte und Leserschaft der vom Institut für Religionsstudien der Nanjing Universität herausgegebenen Zeitschrift Religion an. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird die in dieser Zeitschrift geführte Auseinandersetzung um Fragen des Christentums und der Religionspolitik dokumentiert und nach den weiteren Perspektiven der Zeitschrift gefragt. Abschließend werden Überlegungen zur zukünftigen Bedeutung von Religion und christlicher Kultur in China vorgelegt. (BIOst-Wpt)