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Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to validate or refute the previous empirical findings of a TBL dominant logic for business sustainability and to expand the TBL dominant logic for business sustainability with additional dimensions and items. The study aims to provide bottom-up-based multi-dimensional framework in relation to the sustainable development goals (SDG) of the UN 2030 agenda for sustainable development.


Design/methodology/approach
Key corporate informants in top Spanish companies were requested to participate in the study. A total of 89 usable questionnaires were returned, generating an initial response rate of 42.4%.


Findings
A framework for a TBL-dominant logic in the context of business sustainability has been empirically tested successfully across contexts and through time, thus providing substantiation for universal applicability.


Research limitations/implications
This study provides a relevant and important substantiation for validity and reliability across contexts and through time. It is important in research to establish a theoretical framework at the corporate level for business sustainability in connection with SDGs. This study is not without its limitations, but offers opportunities for further research.


Practical implications
The framework provides practitioners with a foundation to assess their efforts at business sustainability, taking into account a broad selection of aspects across environmental, social and economic elements that contribute to SDGs.


Originality/value
This study makes two relevant and valuable contributions to developing a framework of TBL dominant logic for business sustainability, namely, validation and expansion. It offers also multiple opportunities for both research and practice to assess business sustainability efforts across environmental, social and economic aspects in relation to SDGs.

This paper examines patterns of beliefs and attitudes among Internet users in Britain. Using data from the 2013 Oxford Internet Survey (OxIS), we employ principal components analysis to identify four sets of beliefs and attitudes that capture most variance across fourteen items. This four dimensions were called enjoyable escape, instrumental efficiency, social facilitator, and problem generator. Hierarchical cluster analysis was then used to identify groups of respondents who cluster together across these four dimensions. Each cluster represents a distinctive cultural perspective on the Internet. The five clusters, which we call cultures of the Internet, and the estimated portion of the British population are: e-Mersives (12%), who are fully at home in and positive about the digital environment, using it for entertainment as well as work and social life; Techno-pragmatists (17%), who use the Internet for instrumental and work-related purposes; the Cyber-savvy (19%), who understand and use all aspects of the Internet, but who are also aware of the risks online; and the Cyber-moderates (37%), who are blaise, not responding strongly to either the positive or negative aspects of the Internet; and the Adigitals (14%), who are online but not happy about it, as they harbour overwhelmingly negative beliefs and attitudes about the Internet. These cultures are not surrogates for demographic patterns, but they each have distinctive demographic characteristics although they challenge conventional conceptions, such as of the born digital generation. They also are related strongly to patterns of use and attitudes toward government regulation of the Internet, suggesting the need for more focused and comparative research on cultures of the Internet.

Religion is the basic capital in building a solid economy. Social welfare in an Islamic perspective is not only oriented towards fulfilling material needs but must be based on the principle of justice which considers the aspects of material, social and spiritual satisfaction for the individual as well as for the wider community. This paper is intended to explore the thoughts and economic vision initiated by Muhammad Iqbal. This study is a qualitative study using a content-analysis approach through data taken from various writings related to this research. In the end, this research concludes that economic justice will be realized if there is political sovereignty, and political sovereignty will be realized if there is independence. The concept of a just economy is born from religious guidance and teachings because it directly defines the concept of holistic welfare in the vital aspects of human needs. Agama menjadi modal dasar dalam membangun perekonomian yang solid. Kesejahteraan sosial dalam perspektif Islam, tidak hanya berorientasi pada pemenuhan kebutuhan material saja akan tetapi ia harus berlandaskan kepada prinsip keadilan yang mempertimbangkan aspek kepuasan material, sosial dan spiritual bagi individu juga terhadap masyarakat luas. Tulisan ini dimaksudkan untuk mengeksplorasi pemikiran dan visi ekonomi yang digagas oleh Muhammad Iqbal. Kajian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan content-analysis melaui data-data yang diambil dari berbagai penulisan yang terkait dengan penelitian ini. Pada akhirnya penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa keadilan ekonomi akan terwujud jika ada kedaulatan politik, dan kedaulatan politik akan wujud jika ada kemerdekaan. Konsep ekonomi berkeadilan lahir sesungguhnya dari bimbingan dan ajaran agama karena ia secara langsung mendefinisikan konsep kesejahteran holistik aspek vital kebutuhan manusia.

Pesantren is acknowledged to have participated in solving the problems of people in various aspects of life, such as education, da'wah, politics, economy, culture, religion, development, and other aspects. The great contribution of pesantren to the people of the nation and state does not then indicate that pesantren is an ideal and criticism-free institution. Many criticisms are addressed to pesantren. This paper is intended to reveal the practice of strengthening pesantren through education decentralization. Strengthening pesantren is aimed at improving the quality and functions of pesantren as one of the important centers of community development as a whole. With its distinct position, pesantren is expected to continually improve its condition and becomes an alternative of people-centered development as well as a value-oriented development center. The era of decentralization of education makes the existence of pesantren an ideal partner for government institutions to jointly improve the quality of existing education as a basis for the implementation of social transformation through the provision of qualified human resources and good moral. The process of social transformation in the current era of autonomy requires regions to be more sensitive to explore local potentials and community needs, so that existing capabilities in society can be optimized. Thus, pesantren should work harder to improve all its shortcomings and add new things to the needs of people of the present time. Therefore, the model of pesantren education based on conventional system today is not enough to assist in the provision of human resources that have integrative competence both in the mastery of religious knowledge, general knowledge, and technological skills.

Pesantren is acknowledged to have participated in solving the problems of people in various aspects of life, such as education, da'wah, politics, economy, culture, religion, development, and other aspects. The great contribution of pesantren to the people of the nation and state does not then indicate that pesantren is an ideal and criticism-free institution. Many criticisms are addressed to pesantren. This paper is intended to reveal the practice of strengthening pesantren through education decentralization. Strengthening pesantren is aimed at improving the quality and functions of pesantren as one of the important centers of community development as a whole. With its distinct position, pesantren is expected to continually improve its condition and becomes an alternative of people-centered development as well as a value-oriented development center. The era of decentralization of education makes the existence of pesantren an ideal partner for government institutions to jointly improve the quality of existing education as a basis for the implementation of social transformation through the provision of qualified human resources and good moral. The process of social transformation in the current era of autonomy requires regions to be more sensitive to explore local potentials and community needs, so that existing capabilities in society can be optimized. Thus, pesantren should work harder to improve all its shortcomings and add new things to the needs of people of the present time. Therefore, the model of pesantren education based on conventional system today is not enough to assist in the provision of human resources that have integrative competence both in the mastery of religious knowledge, general knowledge, and technological skills.

Background: People with dementia at green care farms (GCFs) are physically more active, have more social interactions, are involved in a larger variety of activities, and come outdoors more often than those in other long-term dementia care settings. These aspects may positively affect health and well-being. This study explored which and how characteristics of GCFs could be implemented in other long-term dementia care settings, taking into account possible facilitators and barriers. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 professionals from GCFs, independent small-scale long-term care facilities, and larger scale long-term care facilities in the Netherlands. The framework method was used to analyze the data. Results: Several characteristics of GCFs (e.g. homelike aspects, domestic activities, and access to outdoor environments) have already been applied in other types of long-term dementia care settings. However, how and the extent to which these characteristics are being applied differ between GCFs and other types of long-term dementia care settings. Facilitators and barriers for the implementation of characteristics of GCFs were related to the physical environment in which the care facility is situated (e.g. the degree of urbanization), characteristics and competences of staff members (e.g. flexibility, creativity), characteristics and competences of managers (e.g. leadership, vision), and the political context (e.g. application of risk and safety protocols). Conclusion: Several characteristics can be implemented in other dementia care settings. However, to realize innovation in dementia care it is important that not only the physical environment but also the social and organizational environments are supporting the process of change.

This thesis sets out to explore the production of social space, with a particular focus on how these spaces are racialized, in two major works by William Faulkner, Light in August (1932) and Go Down, Moses (1942). By examining how different characters interact with various spaces appearing in the narratives, the thesis aims to illustrate how the racially segregated aspect of culture in Faulkner´s postbellum Mississippi plays a significant role in both individual and collective space production. Henri Lefebvre´s monumental work on the production of space has in this thesis served as an entryway into the discourse on social space. The thesis further considers insight gained from the concept of heterotopia, introduced by Michel Foucault. The thesis seeks to revitalize, and shed new light on, the discourse concerned with the intersection of space and race in Faulkner´s works, by considering and applying the more recent theory of Paul Outka on nature and race. To put these theorists in dialogue with Faulkner´s Light in August and Go Down, Moses enables an analysis of both the political and phenomenological aspect of space in Faulkner´s works. A division between interior and exterior spaces has been made for structural reasons, resulting in a total of four analytical chapters at the core of the thesis. In these four chapters the thesis contributes to already firmly established scholarly discourses, e.g. relating to Ike McCaslin´s environmentalism and the construction of Joe Christmas´s racial identity, while simultaneously aiming to bring previously overlooked characters and scenes into focus, as for instance Uncle Ash´s experience of nature and the several instances of lynchings and executions of black men.

This article aims to analyze one of the most relevant political communication tools in Chile: the public account presidential speeches. Through a qualitative analysis, within the methodological framework of the critical discourse analysis (CDA), this article considers the theoretical-political aspects from linguistic, political, sociological, mental and contextual perspectives which are present in the presidential messages of the administrations of Sebastián Piñera (2010-2013) and Michelle Bachelet (2014-2017). The analysis shows that the functional aspect of these discourses, combined with elements of rituality and solemnity, manifests the Executive Branch's intention to reaffirm their legitimacy through rhetorical components that appear to question the foundations of the status quo, but which, in concrete terms, perpetuate the traditional nature of the country's political, social and economic system. ; Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar una de las herramientas de comunicación política más relevantes en Chile: los mensajes presidenciales de cuenta pública. Se realiza un ejercicio analítico cualitativo, enmarcado en la metodología del análisis crítico del discurso (ACD), en el que se consideran aspectos teórico-políticos desde perspectivas lingüísticas, politológicas, sociológicas, mentales y contextuales presentes en los mensajes presidenciales de las administraciones de Sebastián Piñera (2010-2013) y Michelle Bachelet (2014-2017). Del análisis se desprende que el aspecto funcional de estos los discursos, conjugado con elementos de ritualidad y solemnidad, manifiesta la intención del Poder Ejecutivo de reafirmar su legitimidad mediante componentes retóricos que aparentan cuestionar los cimientos del statu quo, pero que, en términos concretos, perpetúan la naturaleza tradicional del sistema político, social y económico del país.

Розглянуто такий важливий індикатор соціально-економічної якості життя осіб з інвалідністю як рівень їх професійної зайнятості. Зайнятість необхідно розглядати за допомогою системного підходу: в економічному, соціальному, політичному, демографічному, виробничому, технологічному аспектах. При дослідженні соціально-економічного забезпечення осіб з обмеженими фізичним можливостями об'єктом виступає поведінка людей, яка диктується їх потребами в матеріальних і духовних благах і можливостями їх задоволення через участь у суспільно-корисній діяльності. Розуміння інституційного регулювання соціально-економічного забезпечення осіб з інвалідністю у цьому контексті на перше місце ставить поняття людського капіталу та інвестицій у нього. Основним аспектом працевлаштування осіб з інвалідністю визначено необхідність створення особливих умов для зайнятості. Систематизовані чинники, які впливають на соціально-економічне забезпечення осіб з інвалідністю (макроекономічні, мікроекономічні та індивідуальні). ; Such an important indicator of the socio-economic quality of life of persons with disabilities as a level of their professional employment is considered. Employment should be considered through a systemic approach: in economic, social, political, demographic, industrial, technological aspects. In the study of socio-economic provision of persons with disabilities, the object is the behavior of people, dictated by their needs in the material and spiritual benefits and opportunities for their satisfaction through participation in socially useful activities. Understanding the institutional regulation of the social and economic provision of persons with disabilities in this context puts the concept of human capital and investment in it first. The main aspect of employment of people with disabilities is the need to create special conditions for employment. Systematized factors that affect the socio-economic provision of persons with disabilities (macroeconomic, microeconomic and individual).

Purpose. The aim of the study is to clarify the changed interpretation of symbol in the context of the ontological turn in cultural anthropology and philosophical anthropology and their correlation with the functioning of the semantic field of culture, and in particular with religious symbols. The paper also considers an epistemological-ideological positions of representationalism, functionalism and relativism with respect to philosopheme of symbol. Methodology. The authors implemented theoretical and conceptual analysis in synchronic and diachronic aspects, the methodology of comparative consideration of the character within the analytical and existential paradigms in the 20th century philosophy. Originality. The work presents the study of correlation between aspect consideration of the nature and specific character in representationalism, functionalism and relativism within the philosophical projects of the cognitive position. The authors substantiated the position of symbol ontologization in the contemporary cultural and philosophical anthropology and the importance of convergence of the symbol concept and philosopheme with the concepts of an object and a thing. They fixed the value of the ontological turn in cultural anthropology for philosophical anthropology. The authors specifically examined the correlation between the declared symbol interpretation, project of object-oriented ontology and the modern philosophy of science. They substantiated ontological concept of symbolic landscape of modern philosophical anthropology, social philosophy and philosophy of mind. The symbol and religious symbolism have the significant importance for human identity, the symbol is considered to be the tool of human's self-knowledge. Conclusions. The paper outlines the specific character of existence of symbol philosopheme in communicative field of modern man, the social media space, in particular the role of religious symbols for the construction of identity and self-positioning of modern man.

Purpose
This research examines factors that determine the improvement of the Russian supply chain sustainability. The strategic business model incorporates ecological, social and economic aspects.


Design/methodology/approach
Considering Trans-Siberian Railway as a typical case, the study selected several cases or the parts of the primary rail connection with the affiliation of important neighbouring countries. The study uses quantitative analyses of a variety of size parameters (e.g. volumes of traffic, logistics costs, delivery distance and air pollutants).


Findings
The empirical findings stress that supply chains should favour in the future railway (or intermodal) connections for piggyback and containerised cargo. Herein lays the reason for the examination of all traditional factors affecting the modal choice and their complementation by the parameters to measure sustainability throughout the supply chains. The inclusion of the green practices positively affected the environmental, social and economic performance of the new approach.


Research limitations/implications
This research focuses on the delivery of cargo in containers and semi-trailers within wagons through the overland corridors. Despite the restrictive empirical findings within the national transport system, some elements can be representative of the international supply chains, provided that intermodal services are the most appropriate for the transportation over long distances.


Practical implications
Clients, media and regulatory bodies stress the consideration of environmental aspects at all stages of a global supply chain. Therefore, their adoption into strategic imperatives of local supply chains becomes inevitable.


Originality/value
An assessment of supply chains for longer distance transportation in Russia has not taken sustainability into account within cost analyses.

Indonesia is basically a plural and multicultural country of social and cultural aspect especially in North Kolaka Regency. Differences in that aspect result in potential weaknesses that threaten national disintegration The conflict that occurred in North Kolaka District originated from the sexual harassment case originated from personal conflict and became communal conflict between residents. Based on that, the author aims to describe and explain the role of local government in handling conflicts among residents in North Kolaka District as well as supporting factors and inhibiting the role of local government in solving conflicts among residents in North Kolaka District. The type of research is qualitative method with qualitative descriptive type. The data source consists of primary data source and secondary data. Technique of collecting data is done through observation and interview. The research informants consisted of local government, sub-district and village administration, and several community figures. Data analysis technique is descriptive qualitative analysis expressed in the form of questions, responses and interpretations obtained from observation and direct interview. The results show the role of local government in handling conflict between citizens through conciliation, mediation and conflict transformation. Mediation is the dominant effort done by local government in handling conflict. Factors supporting the role of local government, namely the Standing Procedure on the handling of social conflicts and the mapping of conflict prone areas. The inhibiting factor of local government's role is the lack of budgetary support for the empowerment of FKDM at the kecamatan level as well as the quantity of police officers whose numbers are very small

Shared professional ethics are an important aspect of North American librarianship; these ethics highlight values including diversity, social responsibility, and intellectual freedom. However, these values are contested, politically charged signifiers that are often in conflict. This paper proposes an "ethics of contingency" for librarianship that acknowledges that our values are contextually bound and negotiated and explicitly draws attention to power. As a case study, the paper considers Steven Salaita's dismissal from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in the context of institutional oppression—a context that has been under-examined in discussions of the case within librarianship. Interrogating the issue through these lenses can help illuminate the stakes of this debate, and others like it, for our work as academic librarians. ; L'éthique professionnelle commune est un aspect important de la bibliothéconomie en Amérique du Nord; cette éthique souligne des valeurs comme la diversité, la responsabilité sociale et la liberté intellectuelle. Cependant, ces valeurs constituent des signifiants contestés, politiquement chargés qui sont souvent en conflit. Cet article propose une « éthique de la contingence » pour une bibliothéconomie qui reconnaît que nos valeurs sont liées de manière contextuelle et négociées et qui attire l'attention explicitement au pouvoir. Comme étude de cas, l'article étudie le licenciement de Steven Salaita de l'Université de l'Illinois à Urbana-Champaign dans le contexte de l'oppression institutionnelle – un contexte qui a été négligé dans les discussions de l'affaire au sein de la bibliothéconomie. Étudier la question sous cet angle peut aider à éclairer les enjeux de ce débat et d'autres débats semblables pour notre travail en tant que bibliothécaires universitaires.

Im Mittelpunkt der Arbeit steht das soziale Phänomen Volunteering in der sozialen Institution Public Library mit konkretem Bezug auf die Gegebenheiten in den USA. Die Behandlung des Themas erfolgt auf der Basis von Quellen sowie den Ergebnissen einer qualitativen Untersuchung. Zunächst werden die historischen Hintergründe von Volunteering und Philanthropie in den Vereinigten Staaten sowie die Entwicklungsgeschichte der US Public Libraries beschrieben und diskutiert. Zwischen beiden Phänomenen werden Zusammenhänge aufgezeigt. In diesem Kontext wird auch die Rolle Andrew Carnegies herausgearbeitet. Des Weiteren werden der gegenwärtige Stand der Freiwilligenforschung mit den Schwerpunkten Motivation und Volunteer-Management sowie das Wirken von Volunteers in US Public Libraries unter politischen, soziologischen und administrativen Gesichtspunkten erörtert. In Auswertung der qualitativen Untersuchung, die eine Kombination aus Feldforschung und problemzentrierten Interviews – durchgeführt in insgesamt 31 Public Libraries in elf US-Bundesstaaten – darstellt, werden eine Reihe von Erkenntnissen gewonnen, die unter anderem Rückschlüsse auf die Bibliotheksspezifik von Volunteering – insbesondere in Hinsicht auf die Motivation zur Freiwilligenarbeit sowie dem Volunteer-Management – ermöglichen. ; This thesis describes the social phenomenon of volunteering in the public library as a social institution, focused on the situation in the United States of America. The paper is based on a literature review and on findings of a qualitative study. After discussing the history of volunteering, philanthropy, the American public library, and Andrew Carnegie's role, there will be a review on research on volunteerism. Thereby, the focus is laid upon aspects of volunteer motivation as well as volunteer management in the US in general and particular in libraries. Furthermore, a compilation and interpretation of library volunteer coordinators' materials, manuals, and reports will be presented. The results of the qualitative study which is based on a combination of field research and problem-centered interviews – held in 31 public libraries in eleven US states – will be discussed in detail. Among others, the results lead to the conclusion that – especially concerning several motivational and management aspects – public library volunteering is quite specific in comparison to volunteer work in other facilities and institutions.

This paper is about care, insider positions and mothering within feminist research. We ask questions about how honest, ethical and caring can we really be in placing the self into the research process as mothers ourselves. Should we leave out aspects of the research that do not fit neatly and how ethical can we claim to be if we do? Moreover, should difficult differences, secrets and silences that emerge from the research process and research stories that might 'out' us as failures be excluded from research outcomes so as to claim legitimate research? We consider the use of a feminist methods as crucial in the reciprocal and relational understanding of personal enquiry. Mothers invest significant emotional capital in their families and we explore the blurring of the interpersonal and intrapersonal when sharing mothering experiences common to both participant and researcher. Indeed participants can identify themselves within the process as 'friends' of the researcher. We both have familiarity within our respective research that has led to mutual understanding of having insider positions. Crucially individuals' realities are a vital component of the qualitative paradigm and that 'insider' research remains a necessary, albeit messy vehicle in social research. As it is we consider a growing body of literature which marks out and endorses a feminist ethics of care. All of which critique established ways of thinking about ethics, morality, security, citizenship and care. It provides alternatives in mapping private and public aspects of social life as it operates at a theoretical level, but importantly for this paper also at the level of practical application.