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The book gathers a group of scholars interested in both public international law and EU law to cover different facets of the relationship between the European Union and customary international law. Considering the distinct perspectives taken by international law and EU law, while also looking into the space in between the two, individual chapters tackle complex questions such as whether and on what bases the European Union is bound by customary international law as a matter of international law and EU law; how the European Union contributes to the development of international custom; and how different stakeholders - the Court of Justice of the European Union, the EU's political organs and EU citizens - rely upon customary rules. The book thus offers a systematic account of the relevance of customary international law for the external relations and internal functioning of what is no doubt the most remarkable regional international organization of our time.

Europe's financial crisis cannot be blamed on the Euro, Harold James contends in this probing exploration of the whys, whens, whos, and what-ifs of European monetary union. The current crisis goes deeper, to a series of problems that were debated but not resolved at the time of the Euro's invention. Since the 1960s, Europeans had been looking for a way to address two conundrums simultaneously: the dollar's privileged position in the international monetary system, and Germany's persistent current account surpluses in Europe. The Euro was created under a politically independent central bank to meet the primary goal of price stability. But while the monetary side of union was clearly conceived, other prerequisites of stability were beyond the reach of technocratic central bankers. Issues such as fiscal rules and Europe-wide banking supervision and regulation were thoroughly discussed during planning in the late 1980s and 1990s, but remained in the hands of member states. That omission proved to be a cause of crisis decades later. Here is an account that helps readers understand the European monetary crisis in depth, by tracing behind-the-scenes negotiations using an array of sources unavailable until now, notably from the European Community's Committee of Central Bank Governors and the Delors Committee of 1988–89, which set out the plan for how Europe could reach its goal of monetary union. As this foundational study makes clear, it was the constant friction between politicians and technocrats that shaped the Euro. And, Euro or no Euro, this clash will continue into the future.

The purpose of the article is to present the method of constructing the GTI index used for a multidimensional assessment of a terrorist threat. Next, using Ward's method, groups of EU countries similar in terms of the terrorism threat level will be identified. Particular attention was paid to the position of Poland, which due to its active participation in military operations in Afghanistan and Iraq, may be the target of a terrorist attack. The analyses show that Poland is in the group of countries with the lowest terrorism threat level. However, this threat cannot be underestimated. ; Celem artykułu była prezentacja sposobu konstruowania miernika GTI wykorzystywanego do wielowymiarowej oceny zagrożenia terroryzmem. Następnie przy użyciu metody Warda zidentyfikowano grupę krajów UE podobnych pod względem zagrożenia terroryzmem. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na pozycję Polski, która z powodu aktywnego udziału w działaniach militarnych w Afganistanie i Iraku czy rozmieszczenia wojsk amerykańskich może być celem ataku terrorystycznego. Z przeprowadzonych analiz wynika, że Polska znajduje się w grupie krajów o najmniejszym zagrożeniu terroryzmem, jednak zagrożenia tego nie można lekceważyć.

The historical trajectory to EU corporate tax law -- EU corporate tax legislation -- The court of justice and the development of EU corporate tax law -- Tax obstacles to the cross-border movement of companies : direct investment -- Tax obstacles to cross-border portfolio investment -- Reorganisations under EU tax law -- Tax avoidance and EU law -- State aid and taxation -- EU corporate tax law : interim conclusions and thoughts.

""This collective volume is undoubtedly a major contribution to understanding the causes and consequences of the crisis of the Euro-zone, with a special emphasis on the implications of new and not yet EMU members. A skilful combination of contrasting theoretical and policy perspectives, a refreshing interchange among academics and practitioners from a number of countries, it is a must reading for anyone seriously interested in the political economy of crisis and reform in Europe."" - László Csa