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"This book provides a fresh interpretation of the rise and fall of Latin America's left turn from a historical and comparative perspective, arguing that Latin America is entering a new phase of authoritarian statism. The 'left turn', or 'Pink tide' refers to the move toward more progressive economic or social policies in Latin America after the dramatic decline of the wave of left and center left governments that swept through the region during the first decade and a half of the 21st-century. Based on over 10 years of research on Latin American political economy and social movements, including years of fieldwork in Chile, Brazil, Venezuela and Argentina, this book seamlessly combines the stories of individuals and groups in particular situations with the macro-level political and economic trajectory of the region since the postwar period. The book draws on over 100 interviews with community activists, workers, union leaders, politicians, journalists, and NGOs, as well as archival work. In addition, the book uses up-to-date national and regional economic data, including both standard and heterodox development indicators. By engaging with key case studies including Argentina's recovered enterprises, Chile's student movement, Brazil's free transit movement, and Venezuela's popular economy, this book provides a reinterpretation of the wave of 'new social movements' that preceded the pink tide. The book goes on to analyze the relationship between postcapitalist struggles and the governance models of the pink tide. This book will be of interest to researchers across politics, development, Latin American studies and social movement studies. The original data and analysis of the relationship between social movements and governments will also benefit policymakers and those working within the NGO sector"--

Introduction -- The election's backdrop -- The economy -- Domestic politics and issues -- The China factor -- The U.S. factor -- The candidates and the campaign -- The election results -- Conclusions and forecasts -- Glossary of selected Chinese names

Law and Order offers a valuable new study of the political and social history of the 1960s. It presents a sophisticated account of how the issues of street crime and civil unrest enhanced the popularity of conservatives, eroded the credibility of liberals, and transformed the landscape of American politics. Ultimately, the legacy of law and order was a political world in which the grand ambitions of the Great Society gave way to grim expectations.In the mid-1960s, amid a pervasive sense that American society was coming apart at the seams, a new issue known as law and order emerged at the foref

Propelled to fame by his "Two Cultures" lecture, scientist-turned-novelist C.P. Snow (1905--1980) here tells a story of hatred and ambition at the top of British science, exposing how vital decisions were ultimately determined by politics. Today scientists and politicians are more contentious, but Snow's dramatic narrative remains the best guide

Labour's Revival offers the Labour Party a path to power following a general election when its coalition of support will likely have been fractured and their traditional voters will have deserted them in their tens of thousands. The author analyses Labour's strategic errors and the debilitating bumps in the road - the 10p tax rate row, the disastrous battle over 42-day detention, the plots against Gordon Brown's leadership, poor local and European election results and perceived policy U-turns. Paul Richards outlines the task ahead for Labour. By calling on Labour to adopt a new agenda on public service reform, local ownership and control, a green economy and a renewed democracy, Labour's Revival offers a practical path for modernisers to follow in the tough months ahead. As Labour searches its soul, and debates its future, Labour's Revival provides a wake-up call for anyone who wants to see Labour come back as a serious party of government

This thesis consists of two independent studies. The first study works on the effect of government regulation on financial markets. The second study analyses the multitask nature of government regulation in a regionally decentralized authoritarian regime. The first study examines the influences of the 1934 US Securities and Exchange Act on stock markets. The Securities and Exchange Acts of 1933/1934 are the first nationwide public laws of financial regulation in the world. By imposing mandatory information disclosure requirements, these laws are implemented with the aims of reducing speculation and manipulation of stock prices. Subsequent financial regulations all over the world follow the principles embedded in these two laws. However, 80 years later, the effects of these laws on financial markets are still under debate and continue to have deep implications on law and financial development at a global scale. In this study I examine the impact of the 1934 Act in reducing stock idiosyncratic volatility. Monthly firm-level idiosyncratic volatility series for NYSE/AMEX listed firms in the period of 1926 - 1970 are constructed from daily CRSP stock data; voluntary disclosed accounting data from "Moody's Manual of Investments 1934" are manually collected as a proxy of firms' disclosure quality before the law. The comparisons of the firm-level idiosyncratic volatilities before and after the enactment of the Acts show systematic evidence indicating that the Acts significantly reduce idiosyncratic volatility. Moreover, the firms that disclose much less the key accounting information before the implementation of the Acts, have experienced more reductions in volatility and are thus more deeply affected by the Acts than others. In addition, these firms are associated with further reductions in bid-ask spreads and additional improvements in liquidity after the enactment of the Acts. My findings suggest that one of the mechanisms, through which the Acts affect the market, have been identified. The second study explores the governance structure of government in a regionally decentralized authoritarian regime. The organizational form of Chinese central-local government is characterized by regionally decentralized authoritarianism (RDA) (Xu (2011)). This system is a combination of political centralization and economic regional decentralization. Political centralization implies that subnational officials' careers are determined by their superiors instead of constituencies; regional decentralization indicates that subnational governments are empowered to engage in regional development. At the early stage of economic reform, economic growth became the most important task. By utilizing yardstick competition reward based on economic performance, China's central government is successful in incentivizing local government officials to promote economic growth. However, unlike private enterprises, which concentrate on maximizing profits, government agencies are bound to pursue multiple goals. The multitask nature of government has become increasingly prominent and has created serious problems in China. By extending the Holmstrom and Milgrom (1991) multitask principal-agent model to a multitask-multiagent model, I explain under which conditions yardstick competition would fail in motivating local officials, and show that the optimal linear contract designed under a RDA regime is not capable of solving problems generated by the system itself. ; published_or_final_version ; Economics and Finance ; Doctoral ; Doctor of Philosophy

"Exploring themes of identity and development in the post-Ottoman Arab world, this book updates the author's earlier Islamic Identity and Development (Routledge, 1990) to analyse the root causes of chaos, civil war, and conflict in the Islamic Core today. Adopting a neo-Ottomanist framework, and using the latest scholarship on the Middle East, the author traces the historical development of the current crisis to the First World War, when the West instigated invasions, coup d'états, civil and proxy wars. It is argued that Western powers have facilitated the dispossession of the Arab people in their overarching aim to gain control of the oil fields. A range of historical case-studies are provided as evidence, from the Balfour Declaration and the Sykes-Picot Agreement to the creation of Israel and the displacement of Islamic refugees. Individual nations are also analysed, including Iran, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Syria, Libya, and Egypt. Ultimately, the author suggests that artificial countries and unsustainable frontiers are the root causes of the Islamic crisis. However, a realistic (and long-term) solution may lie in the evolution of a new Silk Route Economy. This book will appeal to graduate-level students in political economy, area studies, international affairs, and Middle East studies generally"--

Preliminary Material /P. Silva and H. Cleuren -- Chapter One. Assessing Participatory Democracy In Brazil And Chile: An Introduction /Patricio Silva and Herwig Cleuren -- Chapter Two. Grassroots Movements And Political Activism In Chile And Brazil /Joe Foweraker -- Chapter Three. Local Democracy And Popular Participation In Chile And Brazil /Paul W. Posner -- Chapter Four. Participative Institutions In Brazil: Mayors And The Expansion Of Accountability In Comparative Perspective /Brian Wampler -- Chapter Five. The Redistributive Effects Of The Participatory Budgeting In Porto Alegre /Adalmir Marquetti -- Chapter Six. Politicizing The Civic: Participatory Budgeting In Porto Alegre /Gianpaolo Baiocchi -- Chapter Seven. State-Society Synergy And The Problems Of Participation In Porto Alegre /Rebecca N. Abers -- Chapter Eight. Assessing The Claims Of Proponents And Critics Of The Participatory Budget: Lessons From Minas Gerais, Brazil /William R. Nylen -- Chapter Nine. Surviving Regime Change? Participatory Democracy And The Politics Of Citizenship In Porto Alegre, Brazil /Kees Koonings -- Chapter Ten. Civic Deliberation And Participatory Budgeting: The Case Of San Joaquín, Santiago De Chile /Adolfo Castillo Díaz -- Chapter Eleven. Participation And Mestizaje Of State-Civil Society In Chile /Gonzalo de la Maza -- Chapter Twelve. Citizens' Involvement And Social Policies In Chile: Patronage Or Participation? /Vicente Espinoza -- Chapter Thirteen. Old Habits In New Clothes, Or Clientelism, Patronage And The Unión Demócrata Independiente /Marcus Klein -- Chapter Fourteen. Top-Down And Bottom-Up Democracy In Chile Under Bachelet /Patricio Navia -- Bibliography /P. Silva and H. Cleuren -- List Of Contributors /P. Silva and H. Cleuren -- Index /P. Silva and H. Cleuren.

1. Asian Democracy -- 2. Overcoming Economic Stagnation: Indonesia's Struggle over Policy Reform in a New Democracy -- 3. Democratic Resilience in the Midst of Economic Crisis: The Case of South Korea -- 4. The Resilience of Democracy and Social Movements in Indonesia -- 5. South Korea's Progress in Dual Democratization: Social Conflict and Democratic Integration -- 6. Strategizing Religious Oppression: 'Christianity' and Indonesia's Democracy Resilience -- 7. Populism: Does it Support or Undermine Democracy? A Case Study of Democratic Resilience in South Korea -- 8. An East Asian Democratic Miracle? Challenges and Resilience.

"The rapid rise of emerging economies has produced deep-ranging changes in the global order during recent decades. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, the bipolar confrontation of the Cold War seemed to be replaced by a universalized model of political liberalism and economic neo-liberalism. In recent years, however, rising nationalism and protectionism indicate the end of unfettered globalization, a looming crisis of liberal democracy, and a return to ideologies of "systemic competition", especially vis-a-vis China. Against this background, the proposed volume takes a fresh look at the evolution of governance models in Western and non-Western civilizations - Africa, India, China, and the Muslim world in particular. These models have been largely self-contained and without intensive interaction for a long time. In the wake of globalization, systems, ideologies, and political values have become part of global discourse, eventually turning into what Samuel Huntington called a "clash of civilizations." The chapters in this volume offer perspectives on the diversity of civilizations of governance as a base for a new multilateralism in the global context. The contributions explore relevant theoretical concepts of transnational governance, law, and multiple modernity. The empirical focus is on analyzing different governance systems in non-Western civilizations and Europe, including national states and transnational institutions, traditions, and networks. The volume assembles papers presented at the 2019 International Conference of the Institute of Public Policy at South China University of Technology in Guangzhou, China. The contributions and the introductory framework have been updated to reflect the unexpected and unprecedented challenges from the coronavirus pandemic and the related economic and social crises"--

Part I Politics and Political Science -- Chapter I Politics -- Chapter II Political Science -- Part II Political Relations -- Chapter I Interests and Politics -- Chapter II Political Power -- Chapter III Political Rights -- Part III Political Behavior -- Chapter I Political Struggle -- Chapter IV Political participation -- Part IV Political System -- Chapter I State -- Chapter II Political Parties -- Chapter III Political Associations -- Part V Political Culture -- Chapter I Political Psychology -- Chapter II Political Thought -- Chapter III Political Socialization -- Part VI Political Developments -- Chapter I Political Revolution -- Chapter II Political Reform -- Chapter III Political Democracy -- Part VII International Politics -- Chapter I International Politics -- Chapter II International Political Behavior -- Chapter III The International Political System.

This text uses an analysis of gossip as political action to develop an understanding of disparate themes, including conflict, power, agency, morality, emotion and gender. It brings together two methodological traditions - microscopic analysis of unelicited interaction and macroscopic interpretation of social practice.