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O artigo analisa as noções de sociedade pós-industrial referendado pelos escritos do filósofo alemão Jürgen Habermas. São apresentados e debatidos os fundamentos da noção de integração, bem como os direcionamentos para a ruptura com a razão instrumental e emergência do modelo de razão comunicativa, anunciando a integração das lutas sociais aos canais de participação estabelecidos institucionalmente. Para tal, reconstroem-se os argumentos utilizados pelo filósofo para compreender a transição da sociedade industrial para a sociedade pós-industrial e as questões referentes ao trabalho. Finalmente, são debatidas algumas das ambivalências presentes na crítica de Habermas à teoria do valor-trabalho de Karl Marx, no que diz respeito a desassociação do mundo do trabalho com a emancipação social, assumindo uma raiz descentralizada e discursiva quanto às capacidades de ação social.

Die vorliegende Studie präsentiert eine empirische Analyse zu den Wohnkosten österreichischer Haushalte und deren unterschiedliche Belastung für WohnungseigentümerInnen und MieterInnen. EigenheimbesitzerInnen haben im Durchschnitt deutlich höhere Einkommen als Haushalte, die ihren Hauptwohnsitz mieten. Zusätzlich fallen für WohnungseigentümerInnen die Wohnkosten auch absolut niedriger aus, selbst wenn noch ein laufender Kredit abbezahlt wird. Somit ist die relative Wohnkostenbelastung als Anteil am verfügbaren Einkommen für WohnungseigentümerInnen wesentlich geringer als jene für MieterInnen. Folglich führt die Berücksichtigung der Wohnkosten zu einer erhöhten Ungleichheit der (nach Abzug der Wohnkosten) verbleibenden verfügbaren Einkommen. Die Daten zeigen weiters, dass geförderte MieterInnen eine vergleichsweise geringere Wohnkostenbelastung aufweisen als nicht geförderte MieterInnen, und unterstreichen somit die verteilungspolitische Wirksamkeit dieser Politik. Dieser Befund wird auch durch ökonometrische Analysen bestätigt, wobei sich hier zeigt, dass vor allem für junge Haushalte, Singles und Alleinerziehende die Wohnkosten eine deutlich überdurchschnittliche Belastung darstellen. Wohnungspolitische Maßnahmen, die die Belastungen für jene Haushalte senken sollen, die am stärksten von hohen Aufwendungen für das Wohnen betroffen sind, sollten somit in erster Linie bei einer Entlastung von MieterInnen ansetzen.

Das neue Datenschutzrecht für Unternehmen, das sog. Corporate Privacy Law, ist aktuell einer der wichtigsten wirtschaftsrechtlichen Entwicklungen. Besondere Bedeutung kommen dabei den Betroffenenrechten und dem erweiterten datenschutzrechtlichen Auskunftsanspruch zu.

La globalización como fenómeno propio de la modernidad ha permitido una ruptura entre los límites que antes creíamos infranqueables. Culturas, personas, dinero, mensajes y políticas viajan por el mundo y se entrelazan en complejas relaciones transnacionales. Lo mismo sucede con los discursos, fuente de los significados que circulan entre los sujetos y que dan sentido a sus prácticas.En la actualidad, el mundo del manga-anime se ha visto asaltado por un constante intento de adaptar los éxitos y temáticas de estos productos a la lógica de la industria cinematográfica occidental. Teniendo en mente lo dicho, nos proponemos aquí un análisis del fenómeno de las adaptaciones. En la primera parte reconstruiremos el entramado histórico-comercial que ha tenido la industria del anime y su relación con el mercado occidental; en la segunda, buscaremos analizar brevemente la cinta Ghost in the Shell de Mamoru Oshii (1995)y su adaptación Ghost in the Shell: La vigilante del futuro de Rupert Sanders (2017). Con el objetivo de interpretar cómo los cambios en ambos filmes repercuten en los sentidos que proponen ambos discursos. ; Globalization as a typical modernity phenomenon has allowed a break with the limits that we previously closed unbridgeable. Cultures, people, money, messages, and politics travel around the world and interwine in complex trasnational relationships. The same applies to discourses as source of senses that circulate among people and give meaning to their pratices. Today, the world of manga-anime has been assailed by a constant attempt to adapt the successes and themes of these products to the logic of the Western film industry. With this in mind we propose here an analysis of the phenomenon of adptations. First we will reconstruct the historical-commercial framework that the anime industry has had and its relationship with the western market. Second, we will seek to briefly analyze the film Ghost in the Shell by Mamoru Oshii (1995) and its adaptation Ghost in the Shell by Rupert Sanders (2017). The aim is to interpret how the changes in both films affect the directions proposed by both discourses. ; Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social

Published: 02 April 2020 ; We critically assess the Appellate Body (AB) report on the Brazil–Taxation dispute, taken to the World Trade Organisation by the European Union and Japan, and encompassing seven different Brazilian industrial programmes granting tax benefits to different firms and products. The trigger of the dispute was most likely the automotive sector programme, instituted under pressure from the local industry and without much attention to effects on consumers or imports. The resulting WTO case underscores some salient issues related to the WTO compatibility of subsidy programmes, in particular the application of the National Treatment rules to subsidies provided exclusively to domestic producers, and the identification of local content requirements, prohibited under the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM). The AB diverged from the Panel report and its jurisprudence on those issues. The AB tried to reconcile the existence of legitimate eligibility criteria in subsidy programmes and their discriminatory features with WTO rules under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and the SCM. However, the legal test, developed by the AB in this dispute to distinguish prohibited local content requirements from legitimate eligibility criteria, may facilitate circumvention of the SCM prohibition of local content requirements and have important impacts on trade flows. ; Puccio acknowledges the receipt of funding under the H2020 grant agreement project 'Realizing Europe's Soft Power in External Cooperation and Trade (RESPECT),' grant agreement no. 77068.

This paper constructs distributional national accounts for Austria for the period 2004-2016. We enrich survey data with tabulated tax data and make it fully consistent with national accounts data. The comprehensive dataset allows us to analyse the distribution of macroeconomic growth across the income distribution and to explore the evolution of income inequality in pre-tax income over time. Our results suggest that the distribution of growth has changed over time, which had considerable repercussions on inequality. Inequality started to decline at the very beginning of the economic and financial crisis in 2007, however it has increased again after 2012. We further provide novel insights into the evolution of capital income for top income groups and explore redistribution mechanisms that operated in Austria. Government spending was found to play a key role for redistributive effects across the income distribution. In particular, the transfer system redistributes pre-tax income to a large extent. Our results further show that lower educated and younger individuals faced negative growth in pre-tax income over the years, but also considerably benefited from redistribution.