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This work analyzes the transformations in the division of intellectual labor in social science by considering the study of economic facts within the Sixth Section and the EHESS in the postwar era. Created with the support of the Rockefeller Foundation in 1947, the Sixth Section was meant to meet the need for economic expertise during reconstruction. First, "realistic economists", then dominant within the institution, advocated a pluralistic approach to economic facts and used the methodology of other social sciences. Very quickly, however, this approach was considered too removed from the patrons' concerns and the attempts to bring economists closer to political and economic powers failed in the mid-1950s. In addition, the reorganization of the scientific agenda of the Sixth Section around the so-called "areas study program" promoted other approaches to economic facts, in particular economic history and economic anthropology, accentuating the decline of economics at EHESS. In the mid-1970s, however, the institution's new leadership helped the revival of economics around theoretical modeling. Based on international scientific standards, this approach estranged economists from other social science disciplines. ; Ce travail explique les transformations de la division du travail intellectuel dans les sciences sociales à travers l'étude des faits économiques au sein de l'EHESS et de son ancêtre la VIe Section.Créée grâce au soutien de la fondation Rockefeller en 1947, la VIe Section entend répondre aux importants besoins d'expertise économique issus de la reconstruction d'après-guerre. Les « économistes réalistes » y revendiquent alors une approche pluraliste des faits économiques selon laquelle l'étude des structures de l'économie s'appuie sur des méthodologies issues d'autres sciences sociales.Rapidement, cependant, cette approche est considérée par les mécènes de la section comme trop académique et les tentatives de rapprochement avec les pouvoirs politique et économique échouent au milieu des années 1950. En ...

Purpose of the Study: The study explored a unique framework developed from social cognitive career theory by hypothesizing the mediating relationships to test. Design/methodology/approach: The statistical model measured mediating relationship by using SPSS version 23 and Process version 4.0 to summarize the findings. Total 400 questionnaires were distributed in different secondary schools of Punjab, Pakistan from which 317 were returned and 289 were found fit for analysis. The study is cross sectional in nature and data were collected physically and online as well through self-administrative questionnaire. Findings: The results can be generalized as all the secondary schools follow the same rules and regulations. As for the results are concerned the mediating relationship of political skills between political personality traits and career success is significant.

AbstractDismantling racism and oppression in adolescence requires sound measurement and rigorous methods. In this commentary, we discuss the measurement of institutional and structural racism and approaches to operationalizing structures and systems in adolescent research. Drawing on a recent framework for the conceptualization, measurement, and analysis of institutional racism and health (Needham et al., Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, in press), we highlight several considerations for measuring institutional and structural racism. These include definitional issues, the tension between individual‐ and area‐level measures, questions of timing, and matters of design and analysis. We conclude with suggestions to address gaps in existing literature and call for transdisciplinary training, collaboration, and partnership to promote the healthy development of Black and Indigenous People of Color (BIPOC) adolescents and young people.

The Montreal Protocol has begun to heal the Antarctic ozone hole and avoided more global warming than any other treaty. Still, recent research shows that new unexpected emissions of several chlorofluorocarbons, carbon tetrachloride, and hydrofluorocarbons, are undermining the Protocol's success. It is time for policymakers to plug the holes in the ozone hole treaty.

Objective: The purpose of the current study was to determine whether an augmented reality instruction method would result in faster task completion times, lower mental workload, and fewer errors for simple tasks in an operational setting. Background: Prior research on procedural work that directly compared augmented reality instructions to traditional instruction methods (e.g., paper) showed that augmented reality instructions can enhance procedural work, but this was not true for simple tasks in an operational setting. Method: Participants completed simple procedural tasks on spaceflight hardware using an augmented reality instruction method and a paper instruction method. Results: Our results showed that the augmented reality instruction method resulted in faster task completion times and lower levels of mental and temporal demand compared with paper instructions. When participants used the augmented reality instruction method before the paper instruction method, there was a transfer of training that improved a subsequent procedure using the paper instruction method. Conclusion: An off-the-shelf augmented reality head-mounted display (HoloLens) can enhance procedural work for simple tasks in an operational setting. Application: The ability of augmented reality to enhance procedural work for simple tasks in an operational setting can help in reducing costs and mitigating risks that could ultimately lead to accidents and critical failures.