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Cover Doing Anthropology in Wartime and War Zones -- Contents -- "A Time Like No Other": Th e Impact of the Great War on European Anthropology -- Adapting to Wartime: Th e Anthropological Sciences in Europe -- Continuity and Change in British Anthropology, 1914-1919 -- Doing Anthropology in Russian Military Uniform -- Wartime Folklore: Italian Anthropology and the First World War -- Science behind the Lines: Th e Eff ects of World War I on Anthropology in Germany -- Laboratory Conditions: German-Speaking Volkskunde and the Great War -- "Betwixt and Between": Physical Anthropology in Bulgaria and Serbia until the End of the First World War -- Constructing a War Zone: Austrian Ethnography in the Balkans -- Swords into Souvenirs: Bosnian Arts and Crafts under Habsburg Administration -- The Experience of Borders: Montenegrin Tribesmen at War -- Austro-Hungarian Volkskunde at War: Scientists on Ethnographic Mission in World War I -- Studying the Enemy: Anthropological Research in Prisoner-of-War Camps -- Large-Scale Anthropological Surveys in Austria-Hungary, 1871-1918 -- Jews among the Peoples: Visual Archives in German Prison Camps during the Great War -- Captive Voices: Phonographic Recordings in the German and Austrian Prisoner-of-War Camps of World War I -- AfterMath: Anthropological Data from Prisoner-of-War Camps -- Ethnographic Films from Prisoner-of-War Camps and the Aesthetics of Early Cinema -- Afterword -- After the Great War: National Reconfi gurations of Anthropology in Late Colonial Times -- List of Contributors -- Name Index.

World War I marks a well-known turning point in anthropology, and this volume is the first to examine the variety of forms it took in Europe. Distinct national traditions emerged and institutes were founded, partly due to collaborations with the military. Researchers in the cultural sciences used war zones to gain access to "informants": prisoner-of-war and refugee camps, occupied territories, even the front lines. Anthropologists tailored their inquiries to aid the war effort, contributed to interpretations of the war as a "struggle" between "races", and assessed the "warlike" nature of the Balkan region, whose crises were key to the outbreak of the Great War.