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En este artículo se expone la relevancia del álbum ilustrado como lugar de comunicación entre en el lector-espectador y el autor/es (literario y/o plástico; en adelante "autor") del libro. El punto de vista enmarca y se centra en la relevancia de la imagen, puesto que quien lo escribe se vincula al área visual; sin embargo, se parte de la premisa de que el autor realiza una propuesta de comunicación total (Literaria y Plástica) a través de las páginas. Se citan específicamente álbumes que contienen referentes culturales en las ilustraciones y se indica terminología novedosa y específica. También se exponen las formas de inserción de los referentes culturales, las finalidades, etc. Los álbumes citados están producidos por autores consagrados en literatura infantil y suponen un repertorio para tener en cuenta con respecto a la difusión de la cultura visual.

This paper focuses on elements of military thought & doctrine & the approaches of Antonio Hardt & Antonio Negri's theory of imperialism in the context of the defense of human rights. To defend human rights, it is necessary to know how & by whom they were violated. To resist violation, one must understand the mechanisms & functioning of repression. Psychological violations of human rights are difficult to discern, but they cause much suffering, & their role in the set of mechanisms of repression is increasing. The military use of psychological repression illustrates this situation. As described in documents of military doctrine, it is one of the fundamental principles that guide military forces' actions in achieving the 'national objectives' sought by imperialism. Hardt & Negri define imperialism as a new global form of sovereignty, a new logic & structure of power, the new rationality of globalization, & the new order of the capitalist project. Imperialism is established through power, which is obtained in good part via psychological means, including military psychological operations.

The objective of the article was to assess the semiotics of law in modern philosophical and legal research. Recently, semiotic scientific research on the analysis of legal reality has become increasingly relevant, its demand is explained by the active search for meta-legal foundations for the integration of modern legal theory. The research carried out in the proposed article is applied using dialectical, systemic structural, genetic, and other methods, which allows us to affirm that interdisciplinary studies of law from the point of view of semiotics compete with many other approaches and contribute to solving important problems of philosophical and legal ciencias. It is conceptually concluded that the semiotics of law has direct and indirect organic relations with all the main subdisciplines of the philosophy of law: legal ontology, epistemology, anthropology, axiology, and praxeology, and represents one of the interdisciplinary approaches to law. The importance of semiotic analysis of the problems of legal reality is emphasized, which demonstrates the logic of its construction, systemic and structural connections, reveals the internal mechanisms and symbolic patterns of its development.

El presente trabajo propone una herramienta de software que brinda a los centros de desarrollo la posibilidad de mantener la correcta realización de las tareas presentes en los proyectos, así como el control y gestión de los recursos humanos y materiales de los mismos. Cuba cuenta con diferentes centros destinados a la industria del software para contribuir con el desarrollo económico del país. Las infraestructuras productivas tienen como objetivo principal la producción de software, siendo a su vez de suma importancia la gestión de recursos de los centros de desarrollo que las conforman. Dichos centros están compuestos por departamentos en los cuales se llevan a cabo líneas de investigación y proyectos temáticos, desarrollados por personas y auxiliados por materiales tecnológicos. Actualmente la información relacionada en estos centros se encuentra desorganizada y archivada en documentos físicos y poco manejables como el Word y el Excel, lo que provoca pérdida o duplicación de datos y poco control sobre los recursos humanos y materiales presentes en los departamentos. Es por ello que se hace necesario desarrollar un sistema automatizado que solucione los problemas existentes en los centros de desarrollo relacionados con la gestión de recursos humanos (RRHH) y materiales. [author's abstract]

Since 2002, something unusual has been happening at the traffic lights in Puerto Ordaz: young Warao children and Warao women - whether older women or those cradling babies in their arms - are begging money from drivers. These 'non-places' (Auge, 1993), are the social scene where 'Indians' are being constructed in a negative image they have never had before. The main goal of this study is to look into urban 'common sense' to identify and interpret what it says about Warao Indians. Among our theoretical principles are the following: a), territory, place and city are not realities independent of the perceiver, but cultural constructions; b) common sense is both a transdiscursive dimension and a process-product of social hermeneutics, which allows people to elaborate 'truths' that make sense of reality; c) territory and places are cultural, historical-political constructions, which allow people to construct social identifications; d) subjective and trans-subjective identity is a complex, contradictory discursive process-product construction of Otherness and Ourness. Our methodological approach is exploratory-descriptive and interpretative, through a triangulation among focus-groups, interviews and nonparticipant observation. The basic technique used was discourse analysis, applied to three discourse categories: 'living discourse' (from members of the public), 'official discourse' (from local government) and 'public discourse' (in local newspapers).

Social Representations is one of the most important theories in contemporary social psychology. Since the social psychologist Serge Moscovici developed his theory of social representations to explain how a scientific theory such as the psychoanalysis turns into a common sense knowledge many studies have been done by different social psychologists. The analysis of the social representations of women as represented in myths & popular beliefs is an excellent opportunity to study how this theory can be applied to this representational field. At the same time it makes possible to understand the formation of attitudes towards women.

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo, analizar el impacto psicosocial que el conflicto armado tiene en la salud mental individual y comunitaria de 30 mujeres c a b e z a d e h o g a r e n s i t u a c i ó n d e desplazamiento forzado en el departamento del Quindío. Para ello se aplicó una ficha de caracterización, la cual indicó que el 53% de las mujeres desplazadas no siente que controla su vida emocional, un 90% no accede a redes de apoyo social y el 70% no cuenta con relaciones de comunicación positiva en la familia. Igualmente, muchas de ellas no tienen oportunidades educativas p e r m a n e n t e s ( 7 0 % ) c o n s i d e r á n d o s e excluidas y señaladas por la comunidad (47%). El estudio indicó que el 80% no ha solicitado asistencia psicológica y que un 67% piensa que la comunidad favorece el acceso a recursos y servicios por lo que su vida cultural y social es activa (70%).

This article considers and analyzes how fragmentation, failed condition, and dispossession are features of the current situation in the Mexican State. The analysis of this research, methodologically speaking, is based on the historic and documental revision and a reflection of the idea about the State, which has been theorized and discussed by Marxists authors, who link the state with the questionof dispossession, in the Mexican case. The conclusions are based on the following results: dispossession is the determinant feature situation of the State in Mexico, but which is applied to the rest of Latin America.

The Panopticon is assumed as a means that models or determines human activity, taking into account that it has managed to predate the contemporary media, but in turn has managed to transcend them. The principle of inspection is disseminated through the legislative, executive and judicial, trade and school, while the technique is applied through the closed circuit surveillance, satellite, television, film and even the book. The panopticon appropriates other techniques or means and puts them at your service, this is the case of the camera, the mirror, the satellite, the cell phone, the videoconference, the credit card, the radio, the jail, the internet, and all those who are capable of allowing inside them the
trace, the imposition of behaviors and print behaviors.

Based on a theatrical performance starring a group of socially disadvantaged people, this article will critically analyse the process of collective creation of the play and the reactions it elicited from the audience. The objective of the contribution is to debate the transformative potential of this type of experiences in relation to the deconstruction of prejudices about the protagonists. The reflective framework is constituted by Lévinas' (1999) notion of recognition in ethics, arguing that it is precisely the interaction (in this case, between audience and cast) the vehicle for the ethical transformation of subjectivities and dialogic perceptions. Furthermore, since the experience studied is of an artistic nature, the conceptual framework will be nourished by authors such as Brecht, Rancière and Adorno, who have contributed significantly to reflection on the social function of art, a fundamental question in this study.

In analyzing social class from a discursive & emotional perspective, attention ought to be given to a particular aspect of the argumentative co-ordination of class interaction. We refer to the notion of 'the best argument', a concept originating in Habermas's classic Theory of Communicative Action. We argue that this concept needs to be reformulated before it can be applied to the analysis of class &, especially, to the relations of domination that are involved. This reformulation requires a critique of Habermas' theory. We focus on his social action typology in general &, in particular, his concept of communicative action. We propose that the concepts of 'the best argument' & communicative action (which we reformulate as the argumentative dimension of interaction) should not require symmetry between participants in an interaction. We suggest that these concepts should apply both to situations of symmetry & asymmetry. This allows us to better understand some of the mechanisms that sustain the process of social legitimization in unequal conditions.

Three alternatives for calculating Cronbach's alpha were used. These were: by the variance of the items using MS Excel, using SPSS (22) and using the statistical software package free distribution Factor (9.3). These three variants were applied to validate the internal consistency of a questionnaire, with two possible Likert scales, one of five points and another with seven. This questionnaire was designed for the analysis of the criteria for students specializing in Business Administration at the Universidad Central del Ecuador; in connection with the performance of the teacher, the course syllabus, assessment and recommended readings. It is argued that for an effective application of Cronbach alpha should be keep in mind that this coefficient must be considered within the broader problematic of reliability analysis and considerations regarding its application for the use ordinal response scales or Likert scales. The Factor (9.3) package was appropriate to explore relatively simple alternatives such as exclusion of variables or the option to use a polychoric correlation matrix The results confirm that it is insufficient an ordinary calculation of Cronbach's alpha to validate a scale, which was the case for the five-point Likert scale. Based on the results obtained may recommend the use of a Likert scale of 7 points.

In advanced capitalism, science & technology are at the forefront of production. Nevertheless, traditional forms of reasoning (eg, fuzzy logic), or what Marx called 'general intellect,' far from being simply subordinated, are being fundamentally reconstituted in line with post-Fordist thinking. The departure from Marx's view of science is due to the synergy between traditional scientific reasoning on the one hand, &, on the other hand, forms of knowledge production which are diffuse, social, commercial & co-operative. This latter form of knowledge production sustains the circulation of goods in the market. We need to point out that this is not uniformly 'high tech'; it is more like a heterogenous, neo- or post-Fordist mixture of applied, commercialized science, on the one hand, & insecure conditions of employment on the other. Barcelona's 'City of Knowledge' ('ciutat de coneixment') project, which is supposed to involve, & be supported by, 'citizens,' claims to embody these conceptions through a number of initiatives (22@, Parc de Reserca Biomedica, Campus Mediterrani de Castelldefels....). Nevertheless, megalomaniac enthusiasm aside, the upshot of this messy project has been a city & metropolitan area configured as a 'living factory', a banana state with more or less complex technology, & a profusion of salaried executives.

El trabajo que presentamos se desarrolla en el marco de la educación secundaria obligatoria y se centra en la perspectiva de seis alumnos y una alumna con dificultades de aprendizaje procedentes de una pequeña población rural española. El diseño incluye algunos aspectos novedosos al combinar estrategias de investigación e intervención basadas en las nociones de mediación y re-mediación socio-cultural. Se asume un doble objetivo analítico y práctico: por un lado, analizar la forma como los estudiantes construyen discursivamente significados identitarios vinculados con la toma de decisiones sobre su futuro; por otro, ofrecer a los orientados herramientas que, a modo de dispositivo re-mediador, faciliten la tarea reflexiva que supone la construcción y proyección de la propia carrera académica y laboral. Se concluye que el uso reflexivo de narrativas autobiográficas permite integrar la orientación vocacional en el contexto social, cultural e institucional en que se produce, logrando así una mayor significatividad e impacto en la vida del orientado.

Möglichkeiten der Verbesserung der Lebensqualität älterer Menschen beschäftigen Dienstleistungsunternehmen ebenso wie Wissenschaftler und Wissenschaftlerinnen. Auch ist mit verbesserten ökonomischen und sozialen Rahmenbedingungen eine erhöhte Wohnmobilität älterer Menschen zu verzeichnen. Zugleich gibt es nur wenige Untersuchungen zu der Frage, in welcher Weise diese erhöhte Wohnmobilität zu einer Verbesserung der Lebensqualität beiträgt. Dies nachzuvollziehen war Gegenstand der Studie, die hier vorgestellt wird: Es geht darum zu verstehen, welchen Einfluss die Wohnmobilität Älterer auf unterschiedliche Aspekte von deren Leben und insbesondere auf deren Lebensqualität hat. Hierzu wurde in einem qualitativen Design eine thematische Analyse durchgeführt anhand von 20 Tiefeninterviews mit über 60-Jährigen, die aus Madrid in andere spanische Regionen umgezogen sind.