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Negotiating Cultures' focuses on the city of Delhi, one of the largest mega-cities in the world, and examines from a historical perspective, the process of hybridization between cultures within its local architecture and urban planning from 1912 to 1962

Historic Arab cities show a variety of origins and modernization patterns; these were conditioned on the one hand by external factors such as pre-existing settlements, deliberate locational choices and prevailing dynastic modernization and transformation, on the other hand by internal factors such as the morphological principles implied in individual architecture components and in genesis of the urban environment In this paper, we will try to highlight the socio-cultural aspects in the city structure context and their relations to the city morphology referring to the underlying shaping forces of urban form which, drawing on related, deep-rooted human attitudes, constitute the real agents of physical manifestation and are source of the non-material qualities transpiring through materials expressions. This presentation seeks to understand the significance of the city structure in different dimensions of urban environment.Understanding the interaction between underlying political, economic, socio-cultural forces as deep structure elements is an important aspect of research objectives. This paper also studies how physical or functional changes follow changes in the underlying forces among the modernization process and city structure regeneration.The approach to the research objectives is based on two methodologies:• Deductive: a theoretical investigation based on the properties of the city structure, definitions, principles of design, and the dilemma of achieving modernization is as much cultural as technical. This combines information from literature reviews and the ideas of key figures in the urban development field and the place-identity, social identity and identity process as theories for cultural models of the city.• Inductive: a study of Algiers as example of historical settlements that have undergone much change processes. The study looks to elicit the images of the city main structure to support the theoretical propositions of surface and deep structural city elements. The conclusion to this part is based on an analysis of the case study.The research concludes its conclusion through the theoretical and empirical work the socio- cultural aspect in the modernization process as a board and complex field.Moreover, it introduces the concept of City Structure as a new way to envisage urban Conservation studies.

URL: http://iconarp.selcuk.edu.tr/iconarp/article/view/87 ; Historic Arab cities show a variety of origins and modernization patterns; these were conditioned on the one hand by external factors such as pre-existing settlements, deliberate locational choices and prevailing dynastic modernization and transformation, on the other hand by internal factors such as the morphological principles implied in individual architecture components and in genesis of the urban environment. In this paper, we will try to highlight the socio-cultural aspects in the city structure context and their relations to the city morphology referring to the underlying shaping forces of urban form which, drawing on related, deep-rooted human attitudes, constitute the real agents of physical manifestation and are source of the non-material qualities transpiring through materials expressions. This presentation seeks to understand the significance of the city structure in different dimensions of urban environment. Understanding the interaction between underlying political, economic, socio-cultural forces as deep structure elements is an important aspect of research objectives. This paper also studies how physical or functional changes follow changes in the underlying forces among the modernization process and city structure regeneration. The approach to the research objectives is based on two methodologies: • Deductive: a theoretical investigation based on the properties of the city structure, definitions, principles of design, and the dilemma of achieving modernization is as much cultural as technical. This combines information from literature reviews and the ideas of key figures in the urban development field and the place-identity, social identity and identity process as theories for cultural models of the city. • Inductive: a study of Algiers as example of historical settlements that have undergone much change processes. The study looks to elicit the images of the city main structure to support the theoretical propositions of surface and deep structural city elements. The conclusion to this part is based on an analysis of the case study. The research concludes its conclusion through the theoretical and empirical work the socio- cultural aspect in the modernization process as a board and complex field. Moreover, it introduces the concept of City Structure as a new way to envisage urban Conservation studies

"Traditional approaches to space tend to view public space mainly as a shell or container, focussing on its morphological structures and functional uses and ignoring its ever-changing meanings, contested or challenged uses, and the fact that is an outcome of contextual and on-going dynamics between social actors, their cultures, and power relations. The key role of space in determining the structures of opportunities for social action, the fluidity of its social meaning and the changing degree of "publicness" of a space remains a highly neglected field of academic inquiry and professional practice. As Lefebvre identified, there are segmented and segmenting approaches to analysis and conceptualisation of space among (and within) academic disciplines, but particularly in architecture, planning and the social sciences. Four decades later, these dilemmas are still relevant. The editors believe that there is need and potential to further develop pedagogical tools that enable a more systematic reading of the micro-scale of everyday life, with its rhythms and fluidity of meanings"--

Traditional approaches to understand space tend to view public space mainly as a shell or container, focussing on its morphological structures and functional uses. That way, its ever-changing meanings, contested or challenged uses have been largely ignored, as well as the contextual and on-going dynamics between social actors, their cultures, and struggles. The key role of space in enabling spatial opportunities for social action, the fluidity of its social meaning and the changing degree of ""publicness"" of a space remain unexplored fields of academic inquiry and professional practice. Publi

As an antidote to the substandard tenement apartment, the ideal of the "small house" (Kleinhaus) was ubiquitous in housing debates in Germany before World War One. Denoting a modestly sized two-story family house aligned with the street, it had its origins in the Middle Ages, during which it was constructed to serve the humble domestic needs of urban craftsmen who lived and worked in thriving trade cities including Lübeck, Bremen, Hamburg, Augsburg, Nuremberg, and Ulm. For modern promoters of low-density alternatives to the tenement, the Kleinhaus was an ideal model for mass appropriation. Unlike foreign and untranslatable dwelling models like the "villa" and the "cottage", the Kleinhaus conveyed something that was both urban and quintessentially Germanic. It was thus enlisted by housing reformers to strengthen local cultural identity whilst raising the standards of the nation's housing stock. This article examines the significance of the Kleinhaus in fostering dialogue between the fields of architecture and planning, and considers its embeddedness in a wider project of cultural nationalism in pre-war Germany.

During the Cold War, architecture became a crucial signifier of competing concepts of modernization and new national identities in the "Global South". This book explores the networks and interactions in the field of architecture and construction between actors from and within socialist countries and from countries of the Global South. The authors reveal the maniforld forms of cooperation between the East, the South and the West, including the cross-border entanglements within the South and the East. Using approaches from the history of planning, construction and architectural design, they analyze many building projects against the background of economic interests, political strategies and conflicts. The scope of projects focused on involve actors from Yugoslavia, USSR and GDR to projects in Cuba, Ghana, China and Vietnam.