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The present crisis had started as a financial crisis that suddenly has became an economic crisis. First, we will start to identify the main features of this crisis trough some quantitative indicators. Then we will refer the historical lessons of the past crisis and its impact in Democracy. Finally, we will review the outcomes of some research about the association among Democracy, economic policy decision processes and economic development. Adapted from the source document.

The researchers of international relations and strategy have been focused their analysis in the phenomenon of war for so long. We had assisted to a change in the war model, from a clausewitzian model towards an irregular, global, asymmetric and permanent model with an undefined origin. According to this we will design the evolution in the armed conflicts and characterize the main threats to our security, presenting the association between these wars and the war of our century. Adapted from the source document.

The relationship between Brazil & the European Union has been hostage to the EU-Mercosul relations & the negotiations on the association agreement between the two regional multilateral institutions. However, the European Commission has recognized that relations with Brazil are especially relevant & thus moved to support the first EU-Brazil summit. This summit, convened by the Portuguese Presidency, has established a strategic partnership with Brazil & also bolstered the bilateral relations between Portugal & Brazil. Adapted from the source document.

The objective of this article is to determine the most important actors and decisions arenas involved in the deregulation of the Brazilian sugar and alcohol sector, using concepts of political economy. The deregulation was conducted by actors from both Southeastern and Northeastern production regions such as sugar cane farmers' associations, sugar and alcohol producers' federations and workers' unions, and by politicians from several sugarcane production regions, whose conflicting interests influenced the decision makers. (Rev Econ Polit/DÜI)

From the ideas of Immanuel Kant and Hannah Arendt regarding Faculty of judgment, this article seeks to analyse the possible connections between our ability to judge the beautiful, and the way in which contemporary art articulate aesthetic values, moral and cognitive. To this end, presents some aspects of appropriation that Arendt makes aesthetic judgment of taste who thinks the beautiful as a political category, aimed at a possible Association of public manifestations of contemporary art to the political action of public character.

The article focuses on the region with the lowest level of regional integration: South Asia. Firstly, it describes the role played by the central intergovernmental organization in South Asia: the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation. Secondly, it outlines the key obstacles for integration in the region. Thirdly, it describes how the main regional actors -- SAARC, Member states, academia & civil society, & the European Union assess regional integration in South Asia. Finally, the article suggests possible scenarios for the region. Adapted from the source document.

This article analyzes the configurations of Brazilian foreign policy after 2002 in order to relate to gains and losses the structural changes of the international system. The aim is to achieve a balance of material capabilities of Brazil, as well as its challenges and opportunities, from the categories proposed by Randall Schweller. Jackal or Lamb? How does Brazil behave in the international system in transition, and what can be the consequences? That is, while Jackal it acts in pursuit of relative gains by following the more revisionist actor (China), and as Lamb in direct association with the unipolar power. Adapted from the source document.

This article is have objetive to characterize the forms to agricultural cooperative society developing in MST base organization, to support informations developing by MST, to be detached yours strategics and educational dimension.

The starting point of this article is the realization of "Primeira Exposição Fotográfica de Motivos Belorizontinos", exhibition organized in 1953 through the partnership of a collective of amateur photographers and the Municipality of Belo Horizonte. Our interest is to understand how the vision of the amateur photographer is directed to the city, what is their reach, their conditioning and of course, what images result from this association. In this regard, we need to analyse the photography in parallel to other cultural initiatives supported by the government in the period, as well if it is possible to associate the pictures with a specific political project. The discussion around the exhibition from 1953 would also approach the universe of political propaganda, the relationship between architecture, government and urban life, and questions connected to the visual culture and cultural circularity.

On the occasion of Portugal assuming the rotating presidency of the EU, the article analyzes the European posture toward Turkey. An important question to address is the extent to which Turkey can be considered a European state, particularly within the context of Turkey's desire for a closer association with Europe. The article gives the history of Turkey's long-held desire to join the EU, for which it was campaigning in earnest by 1995. While the economic advantages to Turkey of EU membership are clear, the economic & other advantages for Europe are less so, & not all EU members share the same level of enthusiasm for Turkish admittance. The article concludes by arguing strongly that the EU has a lot of work to do in understanding Turkey better, & that Portugal's assumption of the EU presidency can provide an opportunity in this direction. R. Young

This article aims at comparing the similarities contained in criticism of liberal democracy present in some selected works of Carl Schmitt (1888-1985) and Robert Kurz (1943-2012). In spite of the close association of the first author with the Nazi regime after 1933 and of the second being normally characterized as a Marxist thinker (although very critical to "orthodox" Marxism), numerous similarities between the two are verified when they attempt to analyze the characteristics of parliamentarian liberalism in twentieth-century democracies. One hypothesis that might explain such similarities would be the influence exercised by Schmitt on Frankfurt School theoreticians, from whom Kurz often draws inspiration in his writings - in particular, Walter Benjamin, Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer, although Schmitt also influenced Franz Neumann, Otto Kirchheimer, Karl Korsch and Herbert Marcuse. Another interpretation addressed here refers to the possibility that Schmitt found, in his theories about the State and about law, the epistemological limits of modern liberalism, which constitutes Kurz's main research subject and was a recurring theme in the writings of the Frankfurt theorists.

Portugal negotiated a Common Market trade agreement in 1972 & joined the EEC in 1986. Less known are the attempts to negotiate EEC association status in 1962 & in 1970. The decisive factor in determining an active role in European integration was to guarantee economic development &, thereby, social stability & the survival of the Estado Novo dictatorship. During the period studied, & indeed from 1945 onwards, no creditable development policy alternatives to active links with Europe were seriously put forward, & the colonies were not a rival policy option, but a subordinate policy option to Europe. The article also argues that the autocratic & colonialist Salazar & Caetano governments, as well as the democratically elected governments after 1974, adopted similar European policy options -- seeking future membership of the Common Market. It concludes that Portugal's post-war European integration policy was similar to other British-led OEEC members that initially rejected the political objectives of the Common Market but for economic reasons -- &, in the case of Portugal, after 1974, also for political reasons -- eventually became members. References. Adapted from the source document.