Search results

Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- Who Should Read this Book? -- The Overall Plan -- The Revised Edition -- Some Disclosures -- References -- Contents -- 1 Biotechnology in the Context of Agriculture and Food: An Overview -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The Puzzle of Heredity -- 1.3 Altering the Genome -- 1.4 Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology -- 1.5 Recent Developments -- 1.6 What's in a Name? -- 1.7 The Controversy in Ethical Perspective -- 1.8 Conclusion: Beyond Risk and Back Again -- References -- 2 The Presumptive Case for Food Biotechnology -- 2.1 Technological Ethics: A Précis -- 2.2 Ethics and Risk -- 2.3 The Risk-Based Approach -- 2.4 The Logic of the Presumptive Case -- 2.5 The Social Dimension of the Presumptive Case -- 2.6 Making the Case for Biotechnology Badly -- 2.6.1 The Modernist Fallacy -- 2.6.2 The Naturalistic Fallacy -- 2.6.3 The Argument from Ignorance -- 2.6.4 The Argument from Hunger -- 2.7 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Biotechnology, Policy and the Problem of Unintended Consequences: The Case of rBST -- 3.1 What is rBST? Why Does it Matter? -- 3.2 Biotechnology Policy and Philosophy -- 3.3 rBGH: Assessing Unwanted Consequences -- 3.3.1 Food Safety -- 3.3.2 Animal Welfare -- 3.3.3 Environmental Impact -- 3.3.4 Social Consequences -- 3.4 Ethical Disputes, Governance and Consensus Politics -- 3.5 Social Consequences Redux -- 3.6 Learning from rBST -- References -- 4 Food Safety and the Ethics of Consent -- 4.1 The Ethics and Political Theory of Food Safety Regulation -- 4.2 Safety Criteria and Biotechnology -- 4.3 Ethical Gaps in Food Safety Governance -- 4.3.1 Bad Actors -- 4.3.2 Collateral Consequences -- 4.3.3 Social Uncertainty -- 4.4 The Philosophy of Food Safety -- 4.4.1 Classification -- 4.4.2 Purification -- 4.4.3 Optimization -- 4.5 Classification and Purification Versus Risk-Based Optimization.

This thesis analyses a few selected aspects of crop biotechnology in agriculture. The thesis contains two essays; the first addresses the topic of how ethical tools can help to, especially in democratic societies, improve ethical judgments on modern biotechnologies used in agriculture and food production. The second essay explores GM crops and the question of whether engaging and promoting agriculture biotechnology would be an expression of hubris. Essay I discusses ethical tools and more specifically what makes a tool a good one. It is argued that some of the previous attempts of evaluating ethical tools are unfruitful. Myself and Per Sandin propose that ethical tools be divided into three categories with regard to their different aim(s). We suggest that the quality of an ethical tool is decided by its purposiveness, i.e. how well the tool achieves its assigned purpose(s). Essay II discusses the concept of hubris with regard to agricultural biotechnology. Several authors have claimed that supporting agricultural biotechnology is an expression of hubris. Ronald Sandler has given the argument its most structured account of yet. I argue that Sandler fails to establish a presumption against the use of GM crops and that the concept of hubris should play no role in evaluating GM crops and agricultural biotechnology. ; QC 20150330 ; Mistra Biotech

.

Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Illustrations -- Notes on Contributors -- Introduction: Embodiments at the End of Anthropocentrism -- Part 1 Streaming the Body: Digital Media and the Embodiment -- Chapter 1 The Iconography of Disruptive Bodies: Social Media and Medical Identities -- References -- Chapter 2 "Bodies We Obsess Upon": Corporality and Gender Performance in The Heart Machine (2014) -- References -- Part 2 Extending the Body: Biotechnology, Fluidity, Monstrosity -- Chapter 3 Body Going 'Gaga': Lady Gaga, Disability and the Gothic Body -- References -- Chapter 4 "This Guy Is Such a Machine!": Gendering the Amputee Body in Fashion and Lifestyle Media -- References -- Chapter 5 Mexican Men Meet Cyborg Masculinity: Gendered Subjectivities in the Technology of Erection Era -- References -- Part 3 Body at the End of Times: Fantasising Gender -- Chapter 6 POISE, Miss Lane! Super-Femininity in U.S. Comic Books in the 1940s and 1950s -- References -- Chapter 7 From Tannenberg Battle to Warsaw Uprising: Polish Masculinity from Human to Posthuman in Modern Polish Literature -- References -- Chapter 8 Margaret Atwood's Crakers and the Posthuman Future of Humanity -- References -- Index.

We already entered the era of Unmanned Vehicles, drones, boats and more recently cars are going to be "driven" by software, sensors, cameras, radars and more are the senses of our vehicles. If the risk that a flying or floating drone can be hacked is concerning us as well as the temporary lack of specific legislation, what about the concerns related to ethical and moral aspects, not neglecting the legal ones, concerning autonomous road vehicles such as cars and buses ? Safety and security standards for such devices are not set actually, how will behave two cars, both from the same builder or not, in case of imminent collision? Of course, the cyber-driver is supposed to be perfect but the environment may introduce some bias, hence on the moral and ethical side how will the cyber-driver take decisions? As an additional concern, today even cars may be subject to cyber-attacks as it already happened to Jeep vehicles in the United States, if on one side the regular car service or re-call for update can be performed through the permanent car connection to the Internet, no more need to physically take the car back to the service (this might lead to unwanted outcomes), on the other side in case of cyber-attacks our car might behave in a unpredictable way. As a consequence, possibly before a mass diffusion of such vehicles, we must be aware about some aspects: the risk of cyber-attacks that may turn everyday commodities like cars into "weapons" and the "programmed" behaviour of cars in case of "risky" scenarios. Security standards and harmonised "behaviours" together with an appropriate legal framework will probably help.

Intro -- Title -- Dedication -- Contents -- Prologue - Providence -- Part I: The Way It Is -- Chapter 1: Bone Mining -- Chapter 2: Origin Story -- Chapter 3: Blitzkrieg -- Chapter 4: Lactase Persistence -- Chapter 5: Lake Cow Bacon -- Part II: The Way It Could Be -- Chapter 6: Polled -- Chapter 7: Intended Consequences -- Chapter 8: Turkish Delight -- Acknowledgments -- Bibliography and References -- Index -- Copyright.

The main contribution of this paper is to prove that in EU Directives and Recommendations, human dignity is not an elusive concept but rather a regulatory restraint in European public policies on biotechnology, particularly through the influence of the European Group of Ethics in Science and New Technologies (EGE). ; peer-reviewed

Cover -- Table of Contents -- Detailed Table of Contents -- Foreword -- Introduction -- 1: What World Will We Live In? -- 2: Why Think About Ethics? -- 3: A Brave New World of Clones -- 4: Human Cloning: Should Humans be Cloned? -- 5: Stem Cell Research -- 6: GM Foods: What Are They Doing to Our Dinner? -- A History of Biotechnology -- Glossary -- Bibliography -- Further Reading -- Websites -- Index -- Picture Credits -- About the Contributor.

Intro -- Title Page -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: Hans Jonas' Philosophy of the Organism -- Chapter 2: Jonas' Philosophy of Responsibility -- Chapter 3: Jürgen Habermas and Genetic Enhancement -- Conclusion -- Bibliography.

As society develops, its relationship with science and influence on it becomes more and more significant. The ability to navigate the current trends in the development of society and science in particular is the most important factor in choosing new topics for scientific work and understanding the prospects for the development of scientific research. Therefore, training young professionals in this understanding (primarily in the field of natural sciences) is no less important aspect of higher education than the process of teaching fundamental and practical knowledge. This article discusses the development of relationships between society, chemistry and biotechnology (primarily applied enzymology) at different stages of human evolution. The article was written based on the materials of the introductory lecture of the section on biotechnology and applied enzymology as part of the general course "Chemical Foundations of Biological Processes", read at the Faculty of Chemistry of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, The features and aspects of the interaction of society, chemistry and biotechnology at different stages of the development of our world, when biotechnology has gone through the stages of development from "cave-memorable" (unconsciously natural) to "smart", are considered. A great and important contribution to the writing of this article was made by the discussion of this problem at seminars with students of 3-6 courses of the Faculty of Chemistry of Moscow State University. The impact of changes in our society as a result of the SARS Cov-2 pandemic is also discussed separately.