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В центре статьи — интернет-скандал, вызванный образовательным мультфильмом о жизни в римской Британии, подготовленным по заказу BBC. Бурное обсуждение цвета кожи главных героев, начатое консервативным публицистом Полом Уотсоном, довольно быстро переросло в своеобразное столкновение в общественном дискурсе двух образов Рима и его наследия: мультикультурного, противоречивого, глобалистского мира и цивилизованной империи белых людей, несущих свет культуры диким варварам. В этом столкновении, как представляется автору статьи, ярко проявляет себя «новое варварство», невежественное с точки зрения современной науки и оперирующее историческими стереотипами. Его характерная черта — попытка присвоить себе наследие римской цивилизации (и шире — всю Античность), чтобы оправдать несправедливость и неравенство современного общества. Это, в свою очередь, вызывает резкую реакцию со стороны западного (не только британского) академического сообщества, которое активно борется за гегемонию в общественном дискурсе. Таким образом, Рим (а точнее — образ римской цивилизации) оказывается одновременно триггером появления варварства и способом его преодоления.
A paper is focused on the twitter storm started because of the BBC educational cartoon about life in Roman Britain. The heated debate was provoked by the issue of the skin color of main character of the cartoon, but soon the discussion transformed into a collision between two images of Rome and her legacy. One image depicts Rome as a multicultural, complex, globalized world, another — as a civilized empire of white people who bring the torch of culture to savage barbarians. This collision makes 'a new barbarity', ignorant and armed with stereotypes, visible. One of the specific features of this barbarity is that it tries to seize the legacy of Roman civilization (and of all Classical world) and use it to justify injustice and inequality of modern society. It provokes a reaction from western (not British exclusively) academic community, actively fighting for the hegemony over the public discourse. Therefore, an image of Roman civilization becomes a trigger for the appearance of the barbarism as well as the way to overcome this barbarism.

Biostratigraphic analysis of the cores from the Black Sea shelf in the northeastern part of the basin showed that the exposed Karangatian deposits contain shells of Didacna cristata and Didacna subcatillus mollusks in their upper part. The didacnae are of Caspian origin: they are characteristic species of the Hyrcanian transgressive basin that developed in the Caspian at the beginning of the Late Pleistocene. Mollusks migrated to the Karangatian Basin of the Black Sea through the strait that opened in the Manych Depression when the level of the Hyrcanian transgression overreached the threshold of the Manych runoff. The waters of the strait flowed into the Karangatian Basin in the final phase of its development when the sea level was lower than nowadays and salinity didn't exceed 18‰.

The joint dynamics of the Black Sea phytoplankton parameters (primary production, specific growth rate, biomass) and the amount of precipitation over the period from 1998 to 2015 was studied in coastal areas and the open coast of the northern part of the Black Sea. The analysis used satellite data (SG) (GPCPMON) GPCP Version 3.2, TRMM TMPA (3B42RT), as well as SeaWiFS from 1998 to 2010, MODIS-Aqua from 2002 to 2015 and MODIS-Terra from 2000 to 2015. Phytoplankton indicators were calculated according to 46 КОВАЛЕВА, СУСЛИН LOMONOSOV GEOGRAPHY JOURNAL. 2023. VOL. 78. NO. 4 the models developed earlier by the authors. The average monthly values of all considered values were evaluated, as well as bi-weekly and daily values for atmospheric precipitation. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the role of atmospheric precipitation for the variability of phytoplankton characteristics is not significant in vast water areas over long time intervals, and it could be neglected. In some cases in the presence of large rivers and coastal runoff it increases up to 30% in the offshore areas. There was also a more noticeable effect of atmospheric precipitation on the biological productivity of phytoplankton in small, limited water areas over short time intervals. According to our data during the 18-year period there was a more noticeable correlation between the specific growth rate and precipitation in winter than in other seasons for the open coast of the Black Sea. The correlation of biomass and primary production with atmospheric precipitation is less pronounced. The specific growth rate correlated more than other studied phytoplankton indicators with the amount of precipitation. In three districts, an increase in the amount of precipitation relative to the previous level with monthly averages above 0,6 mm/day led to an increase in the specific growth rate, or maintained it at the same level. The increase in the specific growth rate was not the same everywhere and was not proportional to the amount of atmospheric precipitation. This indicates the influence of many factors on phytoplankton characteristics; however, precipitation could have an additional stimulating role.

The author studies the specifics of lace in the territory of the South Black Earth Russia in the 19th – early 20th centuries. The author has analyzed the history of lace crafts in the Yelets and Mtsensk districts of the Orlovsk province, and in the Zadonsk district of the Voronezh province. Based on archive materials the article determines such features of lace crafts development as the uniqueness of lace; the dependence of the growth of the influence of buyers on the pace of industry development; presence of the qualitative indicators of the manufacturing process inversely proportional to the quantitative; expanding the range of manufactured lace; the expansion of the sales area of lace; activation of the attention of individuals and public institutions to revive the specificity and individuality of local products lace. It was concluded that the impact of identified features on the pace of development of the lace industry in the South Black Earth Russia and on the development of Russian business in general.

Analyzing the history of lace crafts, the author describes the conditions of industrial activity lace, which showed the formation of the capitalist forms of lace makers' work. The features of the capitalist forms of labour which characterized crafts activity are pointed out. The peculiarities of lace sales organization in local and distant markets are studied. In addition to interprovince and interdistrict markets the author investigates the material on exporting goods abroad. The main reasons for the expansion of sales geography determine the change in product mix.

The author raises the issue related to the history of the preservation of unique lace made following the traditions of Russian folk art of their ancestors. The problem consisted in the fact that the buyers were not interested in the originality and identity of the goods. As a result, this led to the reduction of the original performance by increasing the amount of work on the standard models.