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The objective of the article is to reveal the main foundations of human creation enshrined in Christian doctrine, which serve as axiological guidelines for the elaboration of laws, providing a humanistic content of the law. The research methodology is based on dialectical, formal-dogmatic, sociological, comparative-legal and documentary methods. The results of the study demonstrate that theocentrism and anthropocentrism are not opposed to each other in Christianity, but rather are combined into an integrated theological and anthropological picture of a man. Considering this prism of legal consciousness as a reflection of the supreme law of God, the authors refute the secular-positivist view of "homo juridicus" as a soulless subject of law and emphasize the role of the Gospel commandments as a guide. for the elaboration of laws. It is concluded that the Christian vision of the synergistic interaction of the human being and the legislator through the unity of three incarnations: "homo spiritus" - "homo sapiens" - "homo juridicus" indicates the values, which are designed to ensure humanization of the law through the humanization of social relations in general.

According to Henri Desroche (1961), one could write an entire history of religion as 'the mother of social resignation' or, with equal justification, as 'the mother of social protest'. Desroche's apt observation summarizes the topic of this essay, which deals with the oppositional and the culturally adapted communities and movements in the recent history of the Christian churches, focusing particularly on their relationship with social inequalities. Taking a perspective strongly influenced by Max Weber's sociology of religion, it discusses the 'religious ideas' that have guided, and continue to guide, the actions of various Christian churches and groups in societies marked by social inequality. Theoretically, this essay argues that the social positioning of church groups and movements is heavily dependent on the cognitive content of religious beliefs. The contrasting cases it cites show the fruitfulness of such an analytical approach.