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Analyzes relations between the Roman Catholic Church and the state, showing how the Church has moved from confrontation to cooperation with the state and supports the legitimacy of the regime; Mexico.

Examines roots of military regimes established throughout Latin America during the 1970s and 1980s; includes historical failure of liberal revolutions, influence of agrarian oligarchies, lack of separation between church and state, relations between church and military, and other issues. Summary in English.

Examines religion as an integral element in human culture and identity, and criticizes the lack of freedom of religion under communism as destructive to the individual; Russia. Summary in English.

En este trabajo se realiza una aproximación contextual especialmente en lo político y en lo cultural, sin olvidar el panorama social de una nueva colonia nuevamente «conquistada», fiscalmente, por los Borbones. Modelos educativos desarrollados en los «tres niveles» que las escuelas, colegios y universidades enfatizan con un regalismo de fondo, alimentado por un probabiliorismo que combate el laxismo de los regulares expulsos de la Compañía. Se concluye con una valoración positiva de la acción cultural y educativa de la Iglesia en ambos hemisferios de la América Hispana. ; This work examines a colony that has been recently fiscally conquered by the Bourbons, from a political, social, and cultural perspective. Educational models are examined at three levels Schools, Colleges, and Universities. These models were based on regalism and probabilism in order to fight the Jesuits' laxism.The work finishes with a positive valuation of the Catholic Church's cultural and educational activity in the Spanish Colonies in the Americas.